企業在競爭激烈的市場中若要保持競爭優勢以追求長遠發展，必須不斷的發展新思維。因此主管該如何追求開發和探索性創新為一重大課題。而員工為企業的重要資產，管理者該如何結合AMO(ability, motivation, opportunity)人力資源管理實務，使員工具備從事需要適應新技能和知識的活動以促進組織雙歧和了解組織的目標，為本研究的重點。

　　本研究以台灣及中國地區之各產業為研究對象，收集30家企業，61個單位，共計發放出133份主管問卷，回收118份有效樣本。本研究採用結構方程模型(Structural Equation Modeling, SEM)進行資料分析，研究結果顯示：(1)人力資源管理實務與組織雙歧具有正向關係；(2)人力資源管理實務與人力資本具有正向關係；(3)人力資本與組織雙歧不具有正向關係；(4)人力資本在人力資源管理實務及組織雙歧之間具有中介效果；(5) 社會資本在人力資本與組織雙歧之間具有調節效果。最後根據本研究結果分析提出學術與管理意涵。

If an enterprise wants to maintain its competitive advantage and pursue long-term development in a fiercely competitive market, it must constantly develop new ideas. Therefore, how the manager should pursue exploratory and exploitative innovation is a major issue. Employees are an important asset of an enterprise. How should managers apply AMO (ability, motivation, opportunity) theory to human resource management practices to enable employees to engage in activities that need to adapt to new skills and knowledge to promote organizational ambidexterity and understand organizational goals is our focus in this research.

This study took various industries in Taiwan and China as the research object, collected data from 30 different companies, 61 units in total, issued a total of 133 manager questionnaires, and recovered 118 valid samples. This study uses Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) for data analysis. The results of the study show that: (1) There is a positive relationship between human resource management practices and organizational ambidexterity; (2) There is a positive relationship between human resource management practices and human capital; (3) There is not a positive relationship between human capital and organizational ambidexterity; (4) Human capital partially mediates the relationship between human resource management practices and organizational ambidexterity; (5) Social capital moderates the relationship between human capital and organizational ambidexterity. Finally, the academic and managerial implications are put forward based on the analysis of the results of this research.

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