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研究生: 高錦瑗
Chin-Yuan Kao
論文名稱: 程序性反思引導模式對英語單字學習成就的影響
Reflect the Impact of Procedural Guidance Patterns on English Vocabulary Learning Achievement
指導教授: 黃國禎
Gwo-Jen Hwang
口試委員: 楊凱翔
Kai-Hsiang Yang
伍柏翰
Po-Han Wu
蔡今中
Chin-Chung Tsai
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 人文社會學院 - 數位學習與教育研究所
Graduate Institute of Digital Learning and Education
論文出版年: 2014
畢業學年度: 102
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 91
中文關鍵詞: 電腦輔助語言學習程序性記憶學習風格
外文關鍵詞: Computer Assisted Language Learning, Procedure Knowledge, Learning Style
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英語教育就台灣這個島國而言有著多年的歷史,其影響的不止是溝通也影響著國人的國際觀視野,因此教育部將英語學習向下落實至國小三年級學童,無不是希望能讓學生及早接觸、認識與熟悉英語的使用,由EF(Education First)國際教育機構於2013年針對全球60個國家所進行的英語能力指標後發現,台灣的英語競爭力仍有很大的進步空間,而英語單字的字彙量與熟悉度卻是英語學習最基礎的門檻。經探究台灣英語相關研究後發現,有各式各樣的媒體應用在英語單字的學習上,多數研究結果表明,媒體的融入對於學習態度皆有正向的幫助,但在深入瞭解學習成就的表現後發現,多數研究者皆以補救教學之相關研究為主,但卻未針對一般學子的字彙學習進行研究探討。因此本研究試圖依據長期記憶中的程序性記憶相關理論及Felder and Silverman 學習風格理論中的循序型及綜合型的風格特色進行系統設計,希望能透過程序性反思引導模式的英語單字學習系統幫助國小學生有效的學習單字。為探討此學習模式的效益,另外開發一套非程序性反思引導模式的英語單字學習系統,比較兩種模式對於學生在英語單字學習成就上的幫助。本研究採準實驗設計法,將受測者依據系統的差異區分為實驗組與控制組。實驗組採用程序性反思引導模式英語單字學習系統,控制組則為另一套系統,實驗過後以成對樣本t檢定比較兩組在學習成就上的差異,分析結果發現兩套不同模式之系統對於學生的學習成就(包含聽力、語義、字形等)皆有明顯幫助;並以共變數分析(ANCOVA)比較兩組進步的差異,發現兩組的進步狀況相當,表示本研究所開發的兩套英語單字學習系統皆可有效幫助英語單字的學習,希望此研究結果能夠作為有意發展英語單字學習系統者的借鏡與與參考,一起努力建立有效的英語學習環境。


In Taiwan, English education has been carrying out for many years. It not only influences people’s communication but also the vision of the international perspective. Thus, the Ministry of Education implements English learning on the third grade of elementary school. The purpose is to let the students be familiar with the use of English as soon as possible. Referring to the EF(Education First) Proficiency Index, the competitiveness of Taiwan's English ability still needs to be improved and the basic skill of English learning is vocabulary. After exploring the English studies in Taiwan, researchers found that there are various media applications used in the study of English vocabulary. Most studies show that the integration of media has positive attitudes toward learning. After having a full understanding of the performance of learning achievement, the researcher of this study found that most researchers focus their studies on remedial teaching rather than on the general students in learning vocabulary. Therefore, this research attempts to the long-term memory in the memory based on the theory of procedural and Felder and Silverman learning style theory of sequential type and global style features integrated system design, hoping to help guide the students through the process of reflection patterns of English vocabulary learning system to learn words effectively. To study the benefits of this learning model, the researcher develop a set of non-procedural reflection to guide the mode of English vocabulary learning system, comparing the two models for students on English vocabulary learning achievements. This study was a quasi-experimental design method. The subjects on the basis of the different system are divided into the experimental group and control group. The experimental group procedural reflection the guided mode of English vocabulary learning system, and the control group was compared with another system. After the experiment, paired t test comparing the two groups on learning achievement, the analysis found that two different model systems for student achievement (including hearing, semantic, shape, etc.) are obviously helpful; and ANCOVA were compared progressive differences were found between the two groups is quite progressive condition, which means that in this study, the two models of English vocabulary learning system can be effective in learning English vocabulary. I hope this study can be used as a learning system to develop English vocabulary and learn from those with the reference, and along with efforts to establish effective English learning environment.

致謝 I 摘要 III ABSTRACT IV 目錄 VI 圖目錄 IX 表目錄 XI 第一章 緒論 1 1.1. 研究背景與動機 1 1.1.1 英語教育的重要性與實施現況 1 1.1.2 電腦輔助語言學習的應用與效益 3 1.2. 研究目的與問題 4 1.3. 名詞釋義 5 1.3.1 程序性反思引導模式 5 1.3.2 學習風格 6 1.4. 論文架構 7 第二章 文獻探討 9 2.1. 電腦輔助語言學習 9 2.1.1 電腦輔助語言學習的發展 9 2.1.2 電腦輔助語言學習的相關研究 10 2.2. 記憶理論 12 2.2.1 感覺記憶(sensory memory) 12 2.2.2 短期記憶(short-term memory,簡稱STM) 13 2.2.3 長期記憶(long-term memory,簡稱LTM) 13 2.2.4 記憶策略 14 2.3. 學習風格理論 16 2.3.1 學習風格理論發展與演變 16 2.3.2 Felder and Silverman 學習風格理論 21 第三章 研究方法 23 3.1. 研究架構 23 3.2. PVLS英語單字學習系統設計與開發 24 3.2.1 MIT APP Inventor介紹 24 3.2.2 PVLS單字學習系統架構 25 3.2.3 程序性反思引導模式英語單字學習系統介面 27 3.2.4 非程序性反思引導模式英語單字學習系統介面 33 3.3. 研究工具與分析方法 35 3.3.1 英語科英語單字學習成就測驗 35 3.3.2 學習態度量表 36 3.3.3 學習系統滿意度量表 37 3.3.4 認知負荷量表 37 3.3.5 資料處理與分析 38 第四章 實驗設計 39 4.1. 實驗對象 39 4.2. 學習活動與情境 39 4.3. 實驗流程 42 第五章 實驗結果與分析 43 5.1. 學習成就 43 5.2. 學習成就成對樣本t 檢定 43 5.3. 學習成就共變數分析 44 5.4. 學習成就聽力、語義、字形之成對樣本t 檢定 45 5.5. 學習成就聽力、語義、字形之共變數分析 46 5.6. Pearson相關分析 47 5.7. 獨立樣本t檢定-學習態度、學習系統滿意度及認知負荷 49 5.8. 學習歷程記錄 51 5.9. 實驗訪談 52 第六章 結論與討論 61 6.1. 結論 61 6.2. 討論 62 參考文獻 65 附件一 系統單字範圍及例句 72 附件二 前測問卷-學習態度量表 73 附件三 單字學習成就前測試卷 74 附件四 單字學習成就後測試卷 75 附件五 後測問卷-學習態度、學習模式系統滿意度、認知負荷 77 附件六 看圖記單字學習單 78 附件七 實驗訪談題目 79 圖目錄 圖 2.1 人類記憶模型 13 圖 3.1 研究架構圖 24 圖 3.2 程序性反思引導模式英語單字學習系統架構 27 圖 3.3 程序性反思引導模式設計概念 28 圖 3.4 程序性反思引導模式引導流程 28 圖 3.5 聽力練習操作畫面 29 圖 3.6 口說練習-錄音練習操作畫面 30 圖 3.7 口說練習-發音辨識操作畫面 31 圖 3.8 閱讀練習操作畫面 31 圖 3.9 寫作練習操作畫面 32 圖 3.10 主選單及單字列表畫面 33 圖 3.11 非程序性引導模式操作畫面 34 圖 4.1 例句輸入操作情境 40 圖 4.2 發音辨識操作情境 41 圖 4.3 拍照學單字操作情境 41 圖 4.4 實驗流程 42 圖 5.1 訪談分析柱狀圖(第一題) 53 圖 5.2 訪談分析柱狀圖(第二題) 54 圖 5.3 訪談分析柱狀圖(第三題) 54 圖 5.4 訪談分析柱狀圖(第四題) 55 圖 5.5 訪談分析柱狀圖(第五題) 56 圖 5.6 訪談分析柱狀圖(第六題) 57 圖 5.7 訪談分析柱狀圖(第七題) 58 圖 5.8 訪談分析柱狀圖(第八題) 58 圖 5.9 訪談分析柱狀圖(第九題) 59 圖 5.10 訪談分析柱狀圖(第十題) 59 圖 5.11 訪談分析柱狀圖(第十一題) 60 表目錄 表 1.1 電腦輔助英語語言學習研究面向統計表 4 表 2.1 認知風格與學習風格的定義與分類 17 表 5.1 實驗組及控制組學習成就總分前、後測成對樣本t檢定摘要表 44 表 5.2 實驗組與控制組前測迴歸係數同質性檢定分析摘要表 44 表 5.3 實驗組與控制組學習成就後測共變數分析摘要表 45 表 5.4 實驗組學習成就聽力、語義、字形前、後測成對樣本t 檢定摘要表 45 表 5.5 控制組學習成就聽力成對樣本t 檢定摘要表 46 表 5.6 實驗組與控制組學習成就聽力、語義、字形後測共變數分析摘要表 47 表 5.7 實驗組各觀測指標Pearson相關分析摘要表 48 表 5.8 控制組各觀測指標Pearson相關分析摘要表 49 表 5.9 實驗組與控制組學習態度獨立樣本t檢定摘要表 49 表 5.10 實驗組與控制組系統滿意度獨立樣本t檢定摘要表 50 表 5.11 實驗組與控制組心智負荷獨立樣本t檢定摘要表 50 表 5.12 實驗組與控制組心智努力獨立樣本t檢定摘要表 51 表 5.13 學習歷程記錄獨立樣本t檢定摘要表 51

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