本文主要探討均質壓燃引擎(Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engine,
HCCI Engine)、共軌柴油引擎(Common Rail Diesel Engine, CR Diesel Engine)
及選擇性還原觸媒系統(Selective Catalyst Reduction System, SCR Systetm)
的建模與控制, 首先針對擁有低油耗及低污染之HCCI 引擎為研究主體, 建立以控制為
導向的HCCI 引擎燃燒循環的簡化參數模型, 發展雙線性動態的適應性控制器。控制
目標為固定的引擎轉速下, 當引擎環境參數產生變異時(如汽缸進排氣特性改變時), 以
參考模型適應性控制器(Model Reference Adaptive Controller, MRAC) 達成50%燃
油燃燒時間點(CA50) 的控制; 其次, 本研究也發展一套共軌柴油引擎的引擎管理系統
(Engine Management System, EMS), 可快速精準控制共軌燃油系統之共軌油壓、噴
油正時及噴油量。配合汽缸壓力的量測, 分析燃燒熱釋放的過程, 探討不同油品與不同
噴油參數控制, 對於引擎輸出功率及NOx 污染排放的影響。最後, 為了降低柴油引擎的
NOx 排放, 本文發展一套擁有高效率減量NOx 的SCR 後處理系統, 設計前饋規則庫
加PI 回授的控制器, 進行歐洲穩態及暫態循環測試(ESC 及ETC), 驗證SCR 系統
的NOx 減量效率及穩定性。並建立SCR 系統模型, 以標準反應器的測試數據鑑別模
型參數, 再搭配引擎實驗進行SCR 模型NOx 還原驗證與NH3洩漏的估測。最後提出
一套NH3對氮氧化物感測器(Smart NOx Sensor, SNS) 互感現象(Cross-Sensitivity)
的判別法則, 利用週期調變的尿素水溶液噴注, 搭配快速傅立葉(Fast Fourier Transform,
FFT) 的分析, 經實驗驗證本判斷法則能有效判別SNS 讀值的正確性, 並偵測
SCR 系統NH3洩漏之時機。

This thesis presents the modeling and control of homogeneous charge compression
ignition (HCCI) engines, common rail (CR) diesel Engines and selective
catalytic reduction (SCR) systems. First of all, for stability of HCCI engines,
A model reference adaptive controller (MRAC) is designed based on a simplified
bilinear parametric model to regulate the combustion timing CA50 in the presence
of uncertainty or unknown variation in plant parameters such as cylinder
charge properties. The adaptive controller is developed based on a simplified
control-oriented HCCI cycle-to-cycle ignition timing dynamics model. The simulation
results show that the controller is able to regulate the combustion timing
CA50 to desired set-point via controlling the rebreathing lift of exhaust valve when
a cylinder charge properties are changing with time. Secondly, an engine management
system (EMS) is developed for a common-rail diesel engine to achieve
precise and flexible control of the rail pressure, fuel injection timing and injected
fuel amount. Real-time calculation of the combustion heat release rate (HRR)
is conducted based on the cylinder pressure measurement to examine the effect
of various fuel types and injection parameters on engine brake power and NOx
emission. To reduce the tail-pipe NOx emission of diesel engine, a controller for
selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system is developed. Experimental tests in
European Stationary Cycle (ESC) and European Transient Cycle (ETC) driving
modes are conducted to demonstrate the performance and reliability of the SCR
system with a rule-based feedforward plus PI feedback controller. A SCR model
is then developed and is validated against experimental data. Finally, an effective
method that identifies the cross-sensitivity of SNS to ammonia is proposed on the
basis of a periodic modulation of the urea dosage rate and Fast Fourier Transform
(FFT) of the SNS signal. This method enables us to measure the true NOx
concentration correctly even if the NOx is overkilled by excessive ammonia.

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