本論文研究目的為使用離線量測設備，結合自行開發之誤差補償路徑演算法，改善數控銑床加工的尺寸誤差、尺寸歪斜，與減少刀具磨耗對工件尺寸之影響。
實驗使用之加工設備為小型三軸數控銑床。與二次元影像量測儀，對加工後的工件進行離線尺寸檢測。軟體設備使用Visual C#程式語言，開發自動誤差補償路徑演算法，補償銑床之加工誤差問題。
自動誤差補償路徑演算法，由鏡射加工路徑概念與正交迴歸直線理論所組成。透過程式讀取與儲存二次元影像量測儀的工件尺寸量測報表，並且由尺寸量測報表中的工件二維尺寸資訊，自動計算與生成誤差補償路徑。最後，將誤差補償路徑，匯入三軸數控銑床中，進行工件的尺寸誤差、尺寸歪斜與刀具磨耗之誤差補償，提升三軸數控銑床之加工準確度。
二維離線量測與誤差補償實驗，分別針對正方形，偏轉3度正方形、偏轉30度正方形與圓形等四種工件特徵，進行量測與誤差補償。補償後量測尺寸數據的絕對誤差下降百分比為88~99%以上，代表補償後的尺寸準確度有明顯地提升。另外，有角度偏轉的正方形特徵，補償後的標準差下降0.6~1.5 μm。代表此誤差補償演算法，確實可改善工件尺寸歪斜問題，提升工件尺寸精密度。
在仿ISO 10791-7機台性能測試片的空間補償實驗中，將工件任意擺放於機床上的四個位置進行誤差補償，驗證此二維離線量測與誤差補償方式，確實可以在機床的任何工作區域中進行補償。
在離線尺寸監控與補償實驗中，使用新刀與磨耗刀具，模擬長時間加工刀具磨耗對工件尺寸的誤差影響。由抽樣檢查的方式，透過離線量測設備量測工件尺寸，監控尺寸變化的趨勢。再由加工路徑補償程式，對刀具磨耗之加工誤差進行補償。透過這個實驗，呈現當加工製造業者批量製造產品時，可以透過此離線量測與誤差補償方法，監控與補償產品尺寸於目標公差範圍中。
透過大型的五軸工具機，進行誤差補償方法的驗證。實驗後得到的量測數據，絕對誤差為0.8 μm且標準差為2.8 μm。其中的標準差數值，相較於小型三軸工具機來得更小。代表此誤差補償方法，不僅適用於小型工具機，對於加工精度更高的大型機台也適用。

The objective of the study was to develop a program used to generate compensation tool path by the measured data of a workpiece using two-dimensional coordinate measuring machine (2D CMM). The error compensation program improved the dimension errors and skewed contour. It can also help to reduce the effect of tool wear on the dimensions during the machining process .
In the study, the workpiece was positioned by using a scroll chuck, machined on a three-axis CNC milling machine and measured on the 2D CMM. The programming language of the compensation program was Visual C#. The program was composed of two algorithms: mirroring tool path and generating orthogonal regression line. The program can import measured data from the 2D CMM and export compensated NC code into the three-axis machine tool in order to compensate the workpiece’s dimension error.
In two-dimensional measurement and compensation experiment, several different types of workpiece were used. The workpieces’ geometric features included a square with 0∘rotation, a square with 3∘rotation, a square with 30∘ rotation and a circle. The decreased absolute errors of features ranged between 88% and 99% after compensation. The result shows that milling accuracy was appreciably improved. Also, the standard deviation was reduced to between 0.6 μm and 1.5μm. The reduced standard diviation indicates that the skewed contour was improved by this
compensation program.
In the experiment that adopted simulated ISO 10791-7 test piece, the workpiece was randomly placed at four locations on the table of the machine tool. The dimension errors of the workpieces were successfully compensated at each location. The result shows that this compensation method is feasible in the working area of the three-axis machine tool.
In the dimension-monitoring experiment, both new and wear tools were used to simulate the effect of the prolonged machining time on the dimension error of the workpiece. In the experiment, the 2D CMM was served as a monitoring apparatus to inspect the dimension errors. If the errors of the workpiece deviated from the tolerance, the workpiece was compensated so that the final dimensions were within the tolerance. The result suggests that controlling the dimensional of the workpieces during the mass production is feasible.
The compensation method was also verified on a five-axis machine tool. The absolute error of a feature was 0.8 μm and the standard deviation was 2.8 μm. The results show that this compensation method was also feasible on machine tools with different accuracy capability.

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