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研究生: 李冠誼
Guan-Yi Lee
論文名稱: 應用結構光投影之三維量測與循跡技術
Three-dimensional Measuring and Tracking Technique by Using Structured Light Projection
指導教授: 陳亮光
Liang-kuang Chen
口試委員: 林其禹
Chyi-Yeu Lin
郭重顯
Chung-Hsien Kuo
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工程學院 - 機械工程系
Department of Mechanical Engineering
論文出版年: 2014
畢業學年度: 102
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 50
中文關鍵詞: 結構光系統三角測距座標轉換矩陣
外文關鍵詞: structured light system, triangulation, transformation matrix
相關次數: 點閱:199下載:13
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  • 本研究目的在開發出一套使用外加光源的結構光系統並操作機械手臂加以驗證系統偵測之資料準確度。此結構光系統採用單支網路攝影機,結合一部微型投影機,並將此組合裝設至手臂上,用來即時偵測任一個物件或軌跡的三維資料。
    結構光系統部分,首先將投影機與攝影機進行校正完後,並設計投影機投射圖案為多條水平與垂直線型光組成,由攝影機擷取物件受到結構光投射後的影像,再將擷取的影像進行顏色解碼,將影像上的像素點給予編碼,解碼完帶入三角測距之方程式,計算出物件上的三維資訊,再交給機械手臂執行相關任務。
    為驗證此結構光系統的精確度,將系統設置在手臂上,對一條已標記顏色的軌跡進行追蹤,將結構光系統偵測到的位置資訊使用座標轉換矩陣轉換至機械手臂座標系統後,給予機械手臂執行追蹤任務。在實驗中測試不同情況的軌跡,觀測是否能夠順利完成循跡任務,並同時分析結構光系統之穩定性,進而找尋出此系統最佳投影結構光定位之效果。


    The purpose of the research is to develop one structured light system which uses the projector to be light source. In order to prove the accuracy of the system, we use the robot manipulator to be our experiment installment. The system is built by single webcam and a micro-projector. Install the system on the manipulator to acquire the 3-d information of the object or the tracking path.
    In the structured light system, we need to calibrate the projector and the camera first. Then, design the projection pattern that is composed by several horizontal and vertical lines. By capturing the image of projection pattern, decode the image to calculate the 3-d position of the pattern that is on the object. Finally, we give the manipulator those information to execute the setting job.
    To prove the accuracy of the system, we install the system on the manipulator to track the marked path. Transform the point coordinate from camera system into manipulator system. Then, let the manipulator execute the tracking mission. Here, we try different type of the track to verify whether manipulator could complete the tracking mission. Simultaneously, analyze the stability of the tracking system to find out the best setup of the structured light system.

    目錄 摘要 I ABSTRACT II 目錄 III 圖表索引 IV 第1章 緒論 1 1.1 前言 1 1.2 研究動機與目的 2 1.3 文獻回顧 3 1.4 本文架構 5 第2章 相機成像空間與校正 6 2.1 相機成像之原理 6 2.2 影像校正 8 2.3 三維視覺之三角測距 10 第3章 結構光系統之原理與設計 12 3.1 結構光系統之三角測距原理 12 3.2 結構光系統之組成與投影機校正 15 3.3 結構光投射圖案設計 18 第4章 機械手臂運動學與空間座標整合 21 4.1 連桿參數與座標 21 4.2 機械手臂運動學 22 4.2.1. 正向運動學 23 4.2.2. 逆向運動學 25 4.3 座標轉換計算 32 4.4 視覺與機械手臂座標轉換方法 36 第5章 結構光系統之定位與循跡實驗 40 5.1 棋盤方格板的定位實驗 40 5.2 應用結構光系統之循跡實驗 42 第6章 結論與未來展望 46 6.1 結論 46 6.2 未來展望 47 參考文獻 48 附錄 50 附錄一 Denso VS-6556G詳細規格 50

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