隨著行動裝置的蓬勃發展，人們對無線通訊資料的傳輸速率日益提升，近年來各國更是大力提倡第五代行動通訊。為了提升的通訊品質，基地台天線須具備涵蓋全方位角度的輻射場型，以確保使用者能在各個不同的位置接收到電磁波，不會產生死角。
本論文第一部分針對多種類型的漏波天線，進行不同頻段輻射場型的開發。此種漏波天線是由平行帶線和洩漏波單元組合而成，天線基板彼此正交，其電磁輻射是由洩漏波單元所造成，天線輻射場型會隨著頻率的變化而產生掃頻的特性。電流在平行帶線中呈現行波的分布且洩漏波單元間的相位相同，此類型的天線優點是尺寸較小，成本較低。
第二部分則為另一種平面式漏波天線的設計，將多個洩漏波單元串聯並調整彼此間的電流相位，可以有效地提升天線增益，最後吾人實作出作用於n77/n78頻段全向性天線與作用於n79頻段全向性天線並驗證其效能。

As mobile device are becoming more and more popular, user demand on data transmission rates to be faster. In recent years, countries have vigorously promoted 5th generation mobile wireless system. To increase the communication quality, base station antennas must have cover all direction radition pattern. Ensure that users can receive electromagnetic waves at various location without dead ends.
The propose to designing and developing different frequency and radition pattern leaky wave antennas. This type leaky wave antennas comprises parallel strip line and leaky wave unit . Antenna substrates orthogonal to each other,and radation emit from leaky wave unit. Radation pattern generate sweep characteristics with frequency. The current in strip lines present traveling wave and the leaky wave unit are in phase. The advantage of this type of antenna is it’s smaller size and lower cost.
In the second part, another low profile leaky wave antenna was designed. Series multiple leaky wave unit and adjustment their current phase can increase antenna’s gain effectively. Finally, simulate and measure working in n77/n78 band onmi direction and n79 band onmi direction leaky wave antenna to verify it’s efficient.

[1] Y. He, J. Li, C. Li, L. Zhang and S-W. Wong, "A Novel Base Station Antenna Element for 3G/LTE/Sub-6 GHz 5G Applications," 2019 8th Asia-Pacific Conference on Antennas and Propagation (APCAP), 2019, pp. 581-583.
[2] N. Luo, Y. He, L. Zhang, S-W. Wong, C. Li and Y. Huang, "A Differential Broadband Dual-polarized Base Station Antenna Element for 4G And 5G Applications," 2019 Computing, Communications and IoT Applications (ComComAp), 2019, pp. 337-340.
[3] C-C. Lin, K-Y. Kan and H-R. Chuang, "A 3-8-GHz Broadband Planar Triangular Sleeve Monopole Antenna for UWB Communication," 2007 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2007, pp. 5741-5744.
[4] K. L. Lau and K. M. Luk, "A Wide-band Monopolar Wire-patch Antenna for Indoor Base Station Applications," in IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 4, pp. 155-157, 2005.
[5] T. Baba, T. Nagao, N. Kurauchi and T. Nakahara, "Leaky Coaxial Cable with Slot Array," 1968 Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 1968, pp. 253-258.
[6] O. Dahlberg, E. Pucci, L. Wang and O. Quevedo-Teruel, "Fully-metallic, Low-dispersive, Leaky-wave Fed Lens Antenna for 60 GHz Base Station Applications," 2018 12th International Congress on Artificial Materials for Novel Wave Phenomena (Metamaterials), 2018, pp. 90-92.
[7] R. Y. Mianroodi, H. Aliakbarian and G. A. E. Vandenbosch, "Dual-port Dual-band (28/38 GHz) SIW Leaky Wave Antenna for 5G Base Stations," 12th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP 2018), 2018, pp. 1-4.
[8] C-C. Wu, H-C. Lin, Y-D. Lin and T. Kitazawa, "Composite Sector-beam Single-Conductor Leaky-wave Antenna for Base-station Applications," 2012 Asia Pacific Microwave Conference Proceedings, 2012, pp. 803-805.
[9] I. Oshima, T. Seki, N. Michishita and K. Cho, "Omnidirectional Composite Right/left-handed Leaky Wave Antenna with Downtilted Beam," 2015 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation & USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting, 2015, pp. 2439-2440.
[10] W. Menzel, "A New Travelling Wave Antenna in Microstrip," 1978 8th European Microwave Conference, 1978, pp. 302-306.
[11] A. A. Oliner and K. S. Lee, "The Nature of the Leakage from Higher Modes on Microstrip Line," 1986 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest, 1986, pp. 57-60.
[12] C. -Y. Huang and J. -C. Cheng, "Millimeter-Wave Leaky-Wave Antenna for 5G Mobile Phone," 2020 International Workshop on Electromagnetics: Applications and Student Innovation Competition (iWEM), 2020, pp. 1-2.
[13] K. -M. Mak, K. -K. So, H. -W. Lai and K. -M. Luk, "A Magnetoelectric Dipole Leaky-Wave Antenna for Millimeter-Wave Application," in IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 65, no. 12, pp. 6395-6402, Dec. 2017.
[14] M. Mantash and T. A. Denidni, "Millimeter-wave Beam-steering Antenna Array for 5G Applications," 2017 IEEE 28th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC), 2017, pp. 1-3.
[15] B. Huang et al., "A Compact Shared-Aperture Hybrid-Mode Antenna for Sub-6G Communication," 2019 International Conference on Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technology (ICMMT), 2019, pp. 1-3.
[16] H. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, X. Du and Y. Zhang, "A Wideband Dual-Polarized Filtering Antenna for 5G Sub-6 GHz Base Station Applications," 2021 13th International Symposium on Antennas, Propagation and EM Theory (ISAPE), 2021, pp. 1-3
[17] S. Yang, M. An, H. Zhai, Y. Zeng and Z. Wang, "Decoupling of Wideband Dual-Polarized Base Station Antennas for Sub-6 GHz Applications," 2020 International Conference on Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technology (ICMMT), 2020, pp. 1-3
[18] K. Kobrin, Z. Li, V. Sledkov and M. Manuilov, "A Broadband Dual-Polarized Planar Dipole Antenna Array for Sub-6 GHz Base Stations," 2020 7th All-Russian Microwave Conference (RMC), 2020, pp. 180-183
[19] X. Gao, "A Tri-band Dual-Polarized Base Station Antenna for Sub-6 GHz 5G Communication Systems," 2021 International Conference on Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technology (ICMMT), 2021, pp. 1-3.