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研究生： Ketut Wirtayasa
Ketut Wirtayasa
論文名稱： 軸向磁通結構設計應用於小型垂直軸永磁風力發電機特性之研究
A Characteristic Study of Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Configuration Applied on Small-Scale Vertical-Axis Wind Turbine
指導教授： 蕭鈞毓
Chun-Yu Hsiao
楊念哲
Nien-Che Yang
口試委員: 林顯群
Sheam-Chyun Lin
蕭弘請
Horng-Ching Hsiao
辜志承
Jyh-Cherng Gu
楊士進
Shih-Chin Yang
王欽戊
Ching-Wu Wang
學位類別： 博士
Doctor
系所名稱： 電資學院 - 電機工程系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年： 2022
畢業學年度： 110
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 150
中文關鍵詞： 非再生能源 、再生能源 、軸向磁通永磁發電機 (AFPMG) 、AFPMG 性能 、Ansys Maxwell 軟體
外文關鍵詞： non-renewable energy, renewable energy, axial flux permanent magnet generator (AFPMG), ), performance of the AFPMG, , Ansys Maxwell software
相關次數： 點閱：143  下載：1 
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    • 電力能源是一個地區發展的重要基礎， 通常電力是由高比例的非再生能源和低比例的再生能源所組成。由於每年對電力的需求不斷增加，加速非再生能源的存量劇減。由於非再生能源會破壞環境及危害人類生存，成為全世界必須面對的嚴重問題；也迫使各國轉向選擇開發再生能源來發展電力供應。風能為最具潛力的再生能源之一， 在偏遠地區，風能可以與太陽能板（PV）和柴油發電機相結合，構成獨立的電源系統。
    為了有效將風能轉化為電能，永磁發電機是最廣泛應用於小容量發電機的電機。本研究設計了以圓形、梯形和矩形磁極結構做為激磁磁場的9種不同結構模式的軸向磁通永磁發電機 (AFPMG)。 為了客觀評比，發電機的某些結構保持不變，並設定必須滿足的邊界條件，以探討與選擇最適合的 AFPMG (MQ-AFPMG)。本研究使用Ansys Maxwell 軟體在相同的轉速和相同的電樞電流條件下，對所有不同結構的發電機進行模擬分析，模擬結果顯示，用矩形磁極結構的第9種方式發電機 IX 被證明為 MQ-AFPMG。
    為了提高應用於偏遠地區獨立發電的 MQ-AFPMG 的性能，研究中對其幾何形狀進行了最佳化設計。為了能在限制發電機外徑的條件下，提高輸出功率，設計在上下兩側增加了兩個定子鐵芯；繞組由鐵芯繞線(core wound)改為齒繞線(teeth wound)，便於線圈串聯或並聯；修改永久磁鐵形狀以簡化製程，並在氣隙中產生正弦分佈的磁通密度；電源輸出由三相系統改為五相系統，以提高功率密度並降低漣波轉矩。然後通過田口方法進行優化以改善總諧波失真。結果顯示，本研究所本研究所提出的發電機結構，在總諧波失真、漣波轉矩、齒槽轉矩、輸出功率、電機效率和整流後的電壓漣波方面都有性能上的提升。隨著製造技術的創新，利用風能與高性能發電機將逐漸成為主流，本研究提出的發電機結構可供小型風力發電設計的參考，並應用於偏遠地區的社區。
    關鍵詞：非再生能源、再生能源、軸向磁通永磁發電機 (AFPMG)、AFPMG 性能、Ansys Maxwell 軟體。

    Electrical energy is a basic asset for the development of a region. Commonly, the electricity is generated by utilizing the non-renewable energy with a high percentage combined with the renewable energy with a low percentage. Due to the increasing demand for the electricity every year, it causes the existence of the non-renewable energy to experience a scarcity of the availability. From the side effects of the non-renewable energy in the long term, it can damage the environment and harmful to the human life. This issue is becoming a serious concern all over the world, which encourages every country to harness energy from the renewable energy. One of the promising renewable energy is the wind energy. In remote area the wind energy can be combined with photovoltaic (PV) panels and a diesel engine generator to generate an independence power source.
    To transform energy from the wind into the electricity, the permanent magnet generators are most widely used to generate a small-scale power generation. In this research, nine different patterns of the axial flux permanent magnet generator (AFPMG) excited with circular, trapezoidal and rectangular poles are discussed for a comparison purpose. For an equitable comparison process, some parts of the generator are kept constant. There are some constraints that must be met in selecting the most qualified AFPMG (MQ-AFPMG). After all the generators are simulated with the same rotation speed and the same armature current using the Ansys Maxwell software, the generator IX excited with rectangular poles is declared to be the MQ-AFPMG in this case.
    In order to improve the performance of the MQ-AFPMG applied for a standalone power generation in remote areas, its geometry is then modified. Two stator cores are added on upper and lower sides in order to upgrade the output power and to limit the diameter of the generator. The winding type is changed from core wound to tooth wound to make easy in connecting the coil in series or in parallel. The permanent magnet shape is modified to simplify the manufacturing process and to sinusoidal distribute the flux density in the air gap. The phase system is changed from the three-phases system to the five-phases system to increase the power density and to decrease the ripple torque. The optimization is then conducted to improve the total harmonic distortion by Taguchi method. The results show that there are some improvements of the proposed generator in term of the total harmonic distortion, the ripple torque, the cogging torque, the output power, the efficiency and the ripple in the rectified voltage. In pace with innovation within manufacturing technology, efforts to utilize the energy from the wind and efforts to produce a high-performance generator, the proposed configuration can be a beneficial generator for a small-scale wind power generation for communities in remote areas.

    Abstract iii Acknowledgment v Table of Contents vi List of Abbreviations viii List of Figures xv List of Tables xx Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Research background 1 1.2 Statement of the problem 15 1.3 Research contribution 15 1.4 Research limitation 16 1.5 Research methodology 16 1.6 Research organization 18 Chapter 2 Axial flux permanent magnet machines (AFPMMs) 2.1 History of AFPMMs 19 2.2 Advantages and disadvantages of AFPMMs 20 2.3 Different topologies of the AFPMMs 21 2.4 Winding configuration in AFPMMs 29 2.5 Summary 32 Chapter 3 Design axial flux permanent magnet generator with fractional slot concentrated winding (FSCW) 3.1 Define the dimension of each part of the AFPMG 34 3.2 Define the equivalent diagram of the AFPMG 43 3.3 Design the FSCW for the AFPMG 48 3.4 Determine the performance of the AFPMG 50 3.5 Summary 52 Chapter 4 Process of Obtaining a High-Performance AFPMG 4.1 Design process of nine different AFPMGs 53 4.2 Search process of finding the most qualified AFPMG 61 4.3 Performance improvement of MQ-AFPMG 68 4.3.1 Adding stator core 69 4.3.2 Changing the winding type 69 4.3.3 Modifying the form of permanent magnet 70 4.3.4 Changing the output from a three-phases system to a five-phases system 71 4.3.5 Performing an optimization 73 4.3.6 Measuring and evaluating the performance of the proposed generator 79 4.4 Summary 89 Chapter 5 Conclusion and Future work 5.1 Conclusion 90 5.2 Future work 92 References Appendix A No-load waveform, on-load waveform and armature current waveform of the generator I to generator IX. Appendix B Output power of generator I to generator IX. Appendix C Winding losses of generator I to generator IX. Appendix D Stator core losses of generator I to generator IX. Appendix E Permanent magnet losses and rotor core losses of generator I to generator IX.

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