隧道開挖會引致周遭岩盤之應力重分配及變形調整，在整個隧道開挖過程中，工作面推進對測站之影響範圍及最危險的區間可由數值分析探求，此最危險的區間本研究稱之為「關鍵輪進」，其應力、變形之變化與預估公式之建立是本論文之研究課題。本研究之數值模式為模擬跨度為8公尺之馬蹄型隧道，穿過RMR=70、30以及12之良劣不同之三種岩盤，包含三種不同側向壓力係數(K=0.5、1、2)之初始應力情況，及三種不同隧道覆蓋深度(H=10、40、300公尺)。關鍵輪進利用數值分析由隧道頂拱上方之垂直應力掘進變化曲線及頂拱沉陷評估，可以合理的定為工作面到達位置之前後三個輪進屬之，並可以評估三維應力再分配之安全性質。並就不同組合情況下探討三維應力之再分配路徑及安全評估。三維應力再分配可以利用主應力空間及摩爾-庫倫破壞準則來表示，但是不同輪進開挖對應之軸差平面大小可能會不同而無法疊加套繪，導致應力變化難以連續表達，因此本研究根據主應力空間探求出三維應力可以集中在單一之正規化二維圖形上呈現，清楚的表達出輪進開挖之三維應力調整及評估安全評估。

本研究針對隧道頂拱處之垂直應力及垂直變位之掘進變化進行探討並提出預估公式。此外根據頂拱上方岩體隨著隧道工作面掘進引致之垂直應力調整調整變化曲線，於三種不同側向壓力係數情況下，找出工作面在不同輪進掘進之垂直應力變化最大處移動趨勢，可以作為Terzaghi地拱岩壓之參考。此外本研究亦模擬地下貯存場對應之複式交叉隧道，就交叉隧道之開挖掘進對主隧道及其間之三角楔形岩柱，進行相關之力學行為之探討並提出結論。

Redistribution of stress and displacement will occur during excavation of underground tunnels. The most critical excavation cycles during tunneling and monitoring were found by numerical analysis, which are called the “key cycles” in this research. A tunneling of horseshoe shaped 8m diameter tunnel was simulated in rock with three different rock mass rating (RMR) of 70,30and 12, three different lateral pressure cofficient (K) of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0, and three different overburden depth (H) of 10, 40 and 300m. The key cycles were determined based on the calculated vertical stress and settlement redistribution during tunneling. Key cycles are reasonably proposed at the tunnel working face within 3 rounds fore and aft of the monitoring station according to the numerical results. The redistribution of three-dimension (3D) principal stress variation of stress path and safety assessment for tunneling are also investigated in this study. Numerical simulations of tunneling were performed, leading to integration of principal stress space with Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion. Different rounds have different three-dimensional redistributed stress within their individual deviatoric planes. These planes can’t be superimposed, making their comparison difficult. However, deviatoric planes representing rounds can be combined one normalized plane whereupon the stress path is plotted, allowing comparison with the cycles. A way creating the normalized deviatoric plane, with stress path therein representing the cycles, is proposed and demonstrated. This way clearly delivers the 3D redistributed stress path into a 2D tunneling chart and enables to assess the tunneling safety.
Predictable formulae based on the calculated vertical stress redistribution and settlement of roof during tunneling are proposed. The height, between the inflection point of vertical stress redistribution curve and tunnel roof during tunneling, may be a good index related to early development of ground arch and Terzaghi’s rock loads. Tunneling behavior of pillar near the intersection are also analyzed and some conclusions are proposed.

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