此研究探討虛擬顯示器於直接互動表現 (包含: 近身距離判斷、任務完成時間、運動學參數、以及舒適度指標)的效應。依變數包含兩種虛擬顯示方式、三種近身判斷距離、以及三種困難度指標。共12位正常視力者 (平均年齡29.8 ± 3.45歲)參與，使用立體視覺寬營顯示器以及頭戴式顯示器操作實驗。研究中動作系統及問卷分別用於蒐集定位資料以及參與者之動暈症狀資訊。研究結果顯示使用立體視覺寬營顯示器比頭戴顯示器可提供更精準之近身距離判斷、更高的峰值速度與更短的反應時間。然而，兩種顯示方式在任務完成時間、有效移動時間、確認時間、費茲定理表現、動暈症狀則無顯著差異。另外，近身距離的增加亦會改善精確度及延長任務完成時間。任務困難度的增加會延長任務完成時間但不影響精確度。除此之外，受試者操作於高困難度任務的峰值速度及反應時間顯著低於中及低困難度狀況。此結果將有助於對於選購兩種不同虛擬顯示方式的考量。一般而言，對於在冠狀平面上操作且需要高精準深度距離與良好的運動學結果的任務，立體視覺寬營顯示器將是建議的選項。頭戴顯示器更適用於需要精準的物件間距離判斷情境下，例如: 建築或醫療影像視覺化的狀況。另外，此結果對於發展直接互動情境的介面設計人員亦將有所助益。

This study explored the virtual display effects on direct interaction performance metrics such as accuracy of egocentric distance judgment, task completion time, kinematic parameters, and comfort. Two virtual displays, three egocentric distances, and three indices of difficulty were the dependent variables considered in the study. Twelve participants between the ages of 23 and 35 years (M = 29.8 ± 3.45 years of age) with normal visual acuity performed a pointing movement in a stereoscopic widescreen display (SWD) and a head-mounted display (HMD). A motion system and a symptom questionnaire were used to collect the position data and severity of cybersickness symptoms respectively. The findings revealed that egocentric distance accuracy was better with the stereoscopic widescreen display than with the head mounted display. The outcomes also revealed that peak velocity and reaction time differed significantly between the two VR displays, where peak velocity was higher and reaction time was shorter with the SWD than with the HMD. However, no significant differences in task completion time, effective movement time, confirmation time, throughput, and cybersickness were observed between the two VR displays. Also, increasing the egocentric distance improved accuracy and prolonged the task completion time. Besides, increasing the task difficulty lengthened the task completion time yet didn't influence the accuracy. Moreover, both peak velocity and reaction time were significantly lower at high ID than at low and medium IDs. For the consumers of the two virtual reality displays, the results are relevant and insightful. In general, for tasks that need high depth accuracy and better kinematics results in the coronal plane, the stereoscopic widescreen display may be preferred. On the other hand, an HMD might be appropriate for applications that require exocentric distance judgment accuracies, such as architecture or medical visualization. Moreover, when designing interfaces that enable users to interact directly, developers may refer to these findings.

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