應用有限元素分析與工程演算法於脊椎前方板型固定器之彎曲強度研究

簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

回結果列表

研究生：	曾姿綺 Tzu-chi Tseng
論文名稱：	應用有限元素分析與工程演算法於脊椎前方板型固定器之彎曲強度研究 Study for Bending Strength of Anterior Vertebral Bone Plate Using Finite Element Methods and Engineering Algorithms
指導教授：	趙振綱 Ching-Kong Chao 徐慶琪 Ching-Chi Hsu
口試委員:	李建和 Chian-Her Lee
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工程學院 - 機械工程系 Department of Mechanical Engineering
論文出版年：	2011
畢業學年度：	99
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	92
中文關鍵詞：	前方板型固定器、椎骨螺絲、傾角、有限元素分析、田口品質工程法、類神經網路、多變數迴歸分析、遺傳演算法
外文關鍵詞：	Anterior vertebral plate, Bone screw, Inclination angle, Taguchi method, Finite element analysis, artificial neural network, multiple linear regression analysis, genetic algorithms
相關次數：	點閱：430 下載：31
分享至:	分享至facebook 分享至twitter

查詢本校圖書館目錄查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統勘誤回報

當脊椎椎體發生骨折時，骨科醫師進行的椎體重建手術，常會用到前方板型固定器並配合骨融合做為穩定脊椎之功能，但前方板型固定器常因患者本身體質導致骨融合效果不佳，或是因為其他原因導致椎骨螺絲有彎曲、斷裂等失效的情況，失去原有的矯正度。因此為了避免此類情形發生，本研究的目的為提高椎骨螺絲的彎曲強度。
本研究主要是探討在彎曲強度下，前方板型固定器的椎骨螺絲在不同傾角變化的影響，經由建立三維前方板型固定器之彎曲模型，利用田口品質工程法、類神經網路、多變數迴歸分析以及遺傳演算法進行分析。
研究結果顯示，由田口品質工程法的變異數分析，我們可以知道其貢獻度最大的發生在右側椎骨螺絲相對於前方板型固定器中央之距離(D1)，左側椎骨螺絲相對於前方板型固定器中央之距離(D2)這兩個因子。而類神經網路配合遺傳演算法所找出的最佳化設計與多變數迴歸分析配合遺傳演算法所找出的最佳化設計並不相同，但所得到的生物力學結果卻非常接近。本研究的最佳設計為D15D25，此為椎骨螺絲植入的位置越靠近骨板邊緣，即是為最佳的植入位置，而右側椎骨螺絲之橫切面(SI方向)傾角(A1)、右側椎骨螺絲之正前面(ML方向)傾角(A2)、左側椎骨螺絲之橫切面(SI方向)傾角(A3)、左側椎骨螺絲之正前面(ML方向)傾角(A4)在變異數分析中，其貢獻度並沒有很大，改變參數對結果也沒有顯著影響，因此考慮前方板型固定器之最佳設計，應同時考慮彎曲強度與拉出強度。

When the spinal vertebrae fracture occurred, the surgeons often used the anterior vertebral plate for reconstructive surgery of the vertebral body with bone fusion as a function of the spinal stability. Because of the constitution for the patients themselves or for other reasons lead to ineffective bone fusion, the screws of the anterior vertebral plate may lose the correction. To avoid such things, the purpose of this study was to improve the bending strength of the screws of the anterior vertebral plate.
This study investigates the different angle of the screws of the anterior vertebral plate in bending strength using three-dimensional nonlinear finite element models, Taguchi methods, artificial neural networks, multiple linear regression analyses, and genetic algorithms.
From the analysis of variance provided by the Taguchi methods, we find that significant factors were the right vertebral screws relative to anterior vertebral plate central distance (D1) and the left vertebral screws relative to anterior vertebral plate central distance (D2). The best designs obtained from the neural networks with genetic algorithms and multiple linear regression analyses with genetic algorithms were different, but their biomechanical results were quite similar. The best design parameter was the D15D25. The screw implantation closer to the anterior vertebra plate edge was the good implant position. The right vertebral screws in SI directions (A1), the right vertebral screws in ML direction (A2), the left vertebral screws in SI directions (A3), the left vertebral screws in ML directions (A4) were not much of their contribution. To determine the optimal design of anterior vertebral bone plates, the bending strength and the pullout strength should be considered simultaneously.

中文摘要.........................................	I
ABSTRACT.......................................	II
致謝............................................	III
目錄.............................................IV
圖目錄...................................	........VII
表目錄...........................	................X
第一章	緒論....................................	1
1	研究背景、動機與目的.......................	1
2	脊椎解剖學構造簡介.........................	4
2.1	典型之椎骨...............................	4
2.2	頸椎....................................	5
2.3	胸椎與腰椎...............................	6
2.4	薦椎與尾椎...............................	6
3	使用內固定器治療脊椎椎體骨折.........	........12
4	文獻回顧.................................	14
5	本文架構.................................	18
第二章	研究方法.................................	19
1	有限元素法簡介............................	19
1.1	前處理(pre-processing)...................	19
1.2	運算求解(solution).......................	21
1.3	後處理(postprocessing)...................	21
2	板型固定器彎曲強度的有限元素模型建立..........	21
2.1	板型固定器模型建立.........................	21
2.2	整體模型之建立............................	22
3	有限元素分析..............................	30
3.1	材料性質的給定............................	30
3.2	介面接觸條件之設定.........................	31
3.3	網格設定.................................	31
3.4	邊界條件.................................	32
4	收斂性分析...............................	36
5	生物力學性能準則..........................	38
6	田口品質工程法簡介.........................	39
7	類神經網路...............................	48
7.1	倒傳遞類神經網路..........................	50
7.2	網路演算法...............................	51
8	遺傳演算法...............................	53
9	迴歸分析.................................	57
9.1	多變數迴歸分析............................	57
9.2	迴歸分析與變異數分析的差異..................	61
第三章	結果....................................	63
1	有限元素分析結果..........................	63
1.1	收斂性分析結果............................	63
1.2	最大張應力結果............................	64
1.3	因子折線圖與變異數分析..............	........64
2	最佳化設計結果............................	70
2.1	類神經網路配合遺傳演算法的分析結果............	70
2.2	多變數迴歸分析配合遺傳演算法的分析結果.........	71
2.3	最佳化設計綜合結果.........................	73
第四章	討論....................................	81
第五章	結論與未來展望............................	87
1	結論....................................	87
2	未來展望.................................	88
參考文獻.........................................	89
作者簡介.........................................	92

                                

[1] 瑜珈體位法. http://www.anandamarga.tw/main02_2.htm.
[2] 瑜珈皮拉提斯.
http://myself-body-awareness.blogspot.com/2010/07/blog-post.html.
[3] Riaz S, F. R., Lavoie MV, Mahood JK, "Vertebral body reconstruction for
thoracolumbar spinal metastasis," J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad, vol. 18,
pp. 70-77, (2006).
[4] Lim TH, A. H., Hong JH, Ahn JY, You JW, Eck J, McGrady LM.,
"Biomechanical evaluation of anterior and posterior fixations in an
unstable calf spine model," Spine, vol. 22, pp. 261-266, (1997).
[5] Kotani, Y., Cunningham B.W.,Parker L.M.,Kanayama M, and McAfee P.C.,
"Static and Fatigue Biomechanical Properties of Anterior Thoracolumbar
Instrumentation Systems," Spine, vol. 24, pp. 1406-1413, (1999).
[6] 徐慶琪, "骨螺絲之結構設計與生物力學分析", 國立台灣科技大學機械工程研究所博士論文,
(2005).
[7] Dadi Jin , D. Q., Jianting Chen , Hao Zhang, "One-stage anterior
interbody autografting and instrumentation in primary surgical
management of thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis," European Spine
Journal, vol. 13, pp. 114-121, (2004).
[8] Benli IT, A. E., Akalin S, Kiş M, Duman E, Un A., "Anterior radical
debridement and anterior instrumentation in tuberculosis spondylitis,"
Eur Spine J., vol. 12, (2003).
[9] 許世昌, 新編解剖學永大書局, (1999).
[10] 椎體圖鑑.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gray_111_-_Vertebral_column-
coloured.png.
[11] 骨骼系統解剖圖. http://www.konjia.com/html/64/n-107464-3.html.
[12] ALIF手術過程. http://www.doereport.com/generateexhibit.php?ID=19272.
[13] 前方內固定器. http://www.jubilant.com.tw/patient/patient_area_06.htm.
[14] Cunningham BW, S. J., Shono Y, McAfee PC, "Static and cyclical
biomechanical analysis of pedicle screw spinal constructs," Spine, vol.
18, pp. 1677-1688, (1993).
[15] Kuzhupilly R.R, L. I. H., McLain R.F.,Valdevit A.,Kambic H.,Richmond
B.J., "In Vitro Stability of FRA Spacers With Integrated Crossed Screws
for Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion," Spine, vol. 27, pp. 923-928,
(2002).
[16] Brodke DS, G. S., Bachus KN, Alexander Mohr R, Nguyen BK., "Anterior
thoracolumbar instrumentation: stiffness and load sharing
characteristics of plate and rod systems.," Spine, vol. 16, (2003).
[17] Kumar, N. M., DNB, FRCS Ed, FRCS Tr & Orth*; Judith, Meakin R. PhD†;
Kumar, Aravind MRCS Ed, MRCS Glas*; Mishra, Viren FRCS Tr & Orth, MSc
Orth*; Robert, Mulholland C. FRCS‡, "Analysis of Stress Distribution in
Lumbar Interbody Fusion," Spine, vol. 30, pp. 1731-1735, (2005).
[18] Rohlmann, A., Zander, T.,Bergmann, G., "Comparison of the biomechanical
effects of posterior and anterior spine-stabilizing implants," European
Spine Journal, vol. 14, pp. 445-453, (2005).
[19] Rodriguezolaverri, J., Hasharoni, A., Dewal, H., Nuzzo, R., Kummer,
F.,Errico, T., "The effect of end screw orientation on the stability of
anterior instrumentation in cyclic lateral bending," The Spine Journal,
vol. 5, pp. 554-557, (2005).
[20] Reinhold M., S. K., Goldhahn J.,Linke B.,Knop C., and Blauth M.,
"Influence of Screw Positioning in a New Anterior Spine Fixator on
Implant Loosening in Osteoporotic Vertebrae," Spine, vol. 31, pp. 406-
413, (2006).
[21] DiPaola C.P., J. J. A., Awad H.,Conrad B.P.,and Rechtine G.R., "Screw
Pull-out Force is Dependent on Screw Orientation in an Anterior Cervical
Plate Construct," J Spinal Disord Tech, vol. 20, pp. 369-373, (2007).
[22] Zehnder, S., Bledsoe, J. G.,Puryear, A., "The effects of screw
orientation in severely osteoporotic bone: A comparison with locked
plating," Clinical Biomechanics, vol. 24, pp. 589-594, (2009).
[23] Hussain, M., Natarajan, R. N., Fayyazi, A. H., Braaksma, B. R.,
Andersson, G. B. J.,An, H. S., "Screw angulation affects bone-screw
stresses and bone graft load sharing in anterior cervical corpectomy
fusion with a rigid screw-plate construct: a finite element model
study," The Spine Journal, vol. 9, pp. 1016-1023, (2009).
[24] R.H.Gallagher, 有限元素法. 台北市科技圖書股份有限公司, (1990).
[25] 美國材料試驗協會. http://www.astm.org/ABOUT/overview.html.
[26] 蔡國忠, ANSYS Workbench 有限元素分析及工程應用易習圖書, (2011).
[27] 龔皇光, ANSYS與電腦輔助工程分析. 台北市全華科技股份有限公司, (2002).
[28] 立林和夫 ,譯:葉琇芳, 入門田口方法. 台北市財團法人中衛發展中心, (2008).
[29] 李輝煌, 田口方法-品質設計的原理與實務. 台北縣高立圖書有限公司, (2000).
[30] 常見解釋名詞. http://blog.xuite.net/tinalion/yogalates/24097495.
[31] 廖柏舜, "使用田口方法與有限元素分析法於前方板型固定器之拉出強度參數化分析", 台灣科技大
學機械工程研究所碩士論文, (2010).
[32] 張斐章, 類神經網路東華書局, (2005).
[33] 周鵬程, 遺傳演算法原理與應用. 台北市全華科技圖書股份有限公司, (2002).
[34] 莊德興, "遺傳演算法則於群樁低價化設計之應用", 中央大學土木工程所碩士論文.
[35] 陳順宇, 迴歸分析-四版. 台北市三民書局, (2009).
[36] Kimoto, "Stock Market Prediction System with Modular Network," proc.IEEE
Int.Conf.Neural Network, vol. 1, pp. 1-6, (1990).
[37] Warner, "Understanding Neural Networks as Statistical Tool," The
American Statistician, vol. 50, pp. 284-293, (1996).
[38] 李惠妍, "迴歸模式與類神經網路在台股指數期貨預測之研究," 經營管理論叢, vol. 2, pp.
83-99, (2006).

簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

相關論文