本研究的主要概念是來自於Nelson and Winter (1982)對於組織能耐的理論基礎，配合Henderson and Cockburn (1949)發展出的核心能耐的兩個主要構面，加上Nonaka and Takcuchi (1995)對知識創造理論的見解，針對研發單位如何提升組織能力，提高研發績效提出建議。
本文透過迴歸分析來探討研發單位之知識存量和組成能力：資料庫之建立、擁有之專利數、研發成員和主管的學歷和年資；管理制度及建構能力：專案團隊、師徒制、一致性語言、非正式溝通、標準化流程、創新文化、向外合作、績效考核、以及「隱性程度」和「研發種類」兩種分群後，對於研發績效的影響。
結果發現研發主管學歷、研發成員年資、師徒制、一致性語言等四項變數對於研發績效是有正向顯著的影響，研發成員學歷和鼓勵成員申請專利卻有負向的關係。而研發工作隱性程度高時，一致性語言特別重要，但不管隱性程度較高或較低，鼓勵成員申請專利對績效都有負面的影響；在研發種類偏向「創造性毀滅」時，研發主管的學歷越高，對研發績效越有幫助，但鼓勵攻讀學位和申請專利以及研發主管年資有負面影響；在研發工作性質趨於穩定時，與其他公司的合作相對較為重要。

The main concepts of this research originate from Nelson and Winter’s theory of organization capabilities, Henderson and Cockburn’s core competence dimensions, and Nonaka and Takeuchi’s theory of knowledge creation. This research provides R&D units with numerous suggestions for the enhancement of organization capabilities and R&D performance.
Regression analysis is used to measure how the R&D units’ information
storage and component competence (building of database, patents, the years of experience of R&D team members and managers and the educational
background of R&D team members and managers) and management institutions and architectural competence (R&D teams, apprenticeship, common language, informal communications, standardizing procedure ,innovative culture, collaborating with other organizations and performance evaluation) affect R&D performance. Then we divide the samples into two clusters by “the degree of tacit knowledge” and “R&D types” to see how the factors affect R&D performance.
This research finds that the manager’s educational background, years of experience, apprenticeship and developing common language in organization have positive effects on R&D performance; the educational background of R&D team members and encouraging team members applying for patents are negatively related to R&D performance. And it is important to develop common language in organization when the degree of tacit knowledge is high. No matter what the degree of tacit knowledge is, encouraging team members applying for patents has a negative effect on R&D performance.
When R&D type tilt toward “Creative Destruction”, the higher the educational background of R&D managers is the higher the R&D performance. But encouraging getting degrees、encouraging applying for patents and the years of experience of R&D managers have negative effect on R&D performance. When R&D type tilt toward steady, collaborating with other companies is more important than other factors.

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