在量子點敏化太陽能電池（QDSSC）應用中，多硫化物電解質引起了極大的關注，因為它們具有穩定反復使用的硫族化物QD的獨特能力。但是，它的高氧化還原電勢和背電極/電解質介面處有害的電荷複合會限制QDSSC的整體性能. 因此，必須改變液體電解質的電化學性能以實現高性能的裝置。我們已經用富含硫的石墨氮化碳（SGCN）改性了傳統的液態多硫化物電解質，以抑制這項工作中與電荷相關的重組動力學。它證明了用SGCN改性液體電解質可以作為光生電荷逆反應的屏障，並最大程度地減少QDSSCs中的表面缺陷。此外，循環伏安法（CV）和Tafel測量表明，電解液中SGCN的存在可以幫助更快地將多硫化物氧化還原對從Sn2-還原為S2-。 同樣，通過使用Cu-In-S和Cu-In-Se QDs進行的一系列實驗，證實了SGCN添加劑在各種QDSSC中提高轉化效率的潛在用途。在模擬照明（AM 1.5，100 mW cm-2）下，Cu-In-S和Cu-In-Se敏化QDSSC的效率分別為7.13％和7.11％，高於其原始條件。此外，我們確定GCN和SGCN可以作為多硫化物電解質中的穩定添加劑. 它考慮了長達90小時的長期穩定性，這比原始的多硫化物電解質要好得多.
在本論文的第二部分中，我們證明了通過結合環境友好的貽貝啟發性聚多巴胺（PDA）來修飾多硫化物電解質，從而開發出一種提高QDSSCs整體性能的有效且可行的方法。此外，進行PEG-NH2（P-PDA）和硒（Se）摻入PDA（Se-PDA）中以增強PDA的表面性質。電化學分析表明，P-PDA和Se-PDA電解質可以極大地抑制與光生電荷相關的逆反應，從而顯著提高了光伏參數，包括器件的短路電流（JSC）和開路電壓VOC。得益于富含聚合物的特性和改進的表面性能，P-PDA和Se-PDA電解質的整體性能表現出色，在一個完全陽光照射下，P-PDA和Se-PDA電解液，功率轉換效率分別為7.83％和8.59％，而原始多硫化物電解質的性能僅為7.62％。此外，我們確定P-PDA和Se-PDA電解質可作為QDSSC中的穩定添加劑，由於PDA的
 
抗氧化特性，它們可以穩定設備中有害的紫外線產生的自由基。值得注意的是，P-PDA和Se-PDA電解質的光伏效率在最初的40小時內變動不大，還有91％的原始性能，並在60小時後有79％的原始性能。然而，使用原始液體電解質的光伏性能迅速下降，並且在60小時後僅保持其初始性能的11％。

Polysulfide electrolytes have fascinated considerable attention in quantum dot sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) applications because of their unique ability to stabilize the recurrently used chalcogenide QDs. However, its high redox potential and unwanted charge recombination at CE/electrolyte interface restrict the overall performance of QDSSCs. Therefore, it is a prerequisite to altering the electrochemical properties of liquid electrolytes to achieve high-performance devices. In this respect, we have modified traditional liquid polysulfide electrolytes with sulfur-rich graphitic carbon nitride (SGCN) to suppress the recombination dynamics associated with the charges. It witnessed that the modification of liquid electrolyte with SGCN could act as a barrier for the back reaction of the photogenerated charges as well as minimize the surface defects in QDSSCs. Further, the cyclic voltammetry (CV) and Tafel measurements revealed that the existence of SGCN in electrolytes could assist to faster the reduction of polysulfide redox couple from Sn2- to S2- thus enhanced the PCEs in corresponding devices. Also, the potential use of SGCN additives in a variety of QDSSCs to improve the conversion efficiencies is substantiated by a series of experiments with Cu-In-S and Cu-In-Se QDS. Under simulated illumination (AM 1.5, 100 mW cm−2), the Cu-In-S and Cu-In-Se sensitized QDSSCs unveiled efficiencies of 7.13% and 7.11% which was higher than those of its reference devices. Additionally, we determined that GCN and SGCN could be served as stable additives in the polysulfide electrolyte. It deliberated long-term stabilities of up to 90 h, which much better than the reference polysulfide electrolyte.
In the second part of this thesis, we have developed an effective and practicable method for improving the overall performance of QDSSCs, by modifying the polysulfide electrolyte with the incorporation of the environmentally friendly mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDA). Further, the PEG-NH2 (P-PDA) and selenium (Se) incorporation in PDA (Se-PDA) was performed to enrich the surface properties of the pure PDA. The electrochemical analysis demonstrated that the P-PDA and Se-PDA electrolyte could greatly inhibit the back reaction associated with the photogenerated charges thereby significantly enhanced the photovoltaic parameters including short-circuit current (JSC) and open-circuit voltage VOC of the devices. Benefited from the polymeric-rich nature and improved surface properties, remarkable overall performance with power-to-conversion efficiencies of 7.83% and 8.59% were exposed for the P-PDA and Se-PDA electrolyte, whereas, its reference liquid electrolyte delivered a performance of only 7.62%, under one full sunlight illumination. Additionally, we determined that P-PDA and Se-PDA electrolytes serve as stable additives in QDSSCs which could potentially stabilize the detrimental UV-generated radical species in devices due to the antioxidative nature of PDA. Notably, P-PDA and Se-PDA electrolytes were maintained their photovoltaic efficiencies for about the first 40 h and remained their original performance of 91% h and 79% after 60 h, respectively. Whereas, the photovoltaic performance of liquid electrolytes declined rapidly over the progress of time and retained only 11% of their initial performance after 60 h.

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