因隨著日益增長的傳輸帶寬需求，本論文透過使用雙極化調變技術來增加有線電視光纖通訊系統的頻道數。在雙極化有線電視系統中，使用兩組不同的訊號來調變，再分別由一對相互正交的偏振光傳輸。可以使有線電視通訊系統在一定的頻寬內傳送雙倍的訊號。
為了證明所提出方法的有效性及可行性，使用 Optisystem光纖通訊軟體，對雙極化有線電視光纖通訊系統進行了模擬。使用八十個訊號以殘邊帶振幅調變和使用64正交振幅調變傳輸，再以雙極化技術傳至光纖內。實驗結果驗證，在傳輸上雙極化調變技術能在限定帶寬下增加有線電視傳輸系統的頻道量。此系統設置20公里單模光纖傳輸後得到性能良好的載波雜訊比、二次拍差比及完整的星座圖。此架構有足夠的潛力能因應在未來有線電視用戶對於多樣化頻道的要求以及Cable Modem頻寬服務的需求，且可以改善頻寬容量逐漸面臨極限的問題，也能將雙極化技術結合智慧家庭、物聯網、更高速的Data Center等等，皆是大有可為的應用。

A novel, fiber-optic communication using the dual-polarization scheme is proposed to meet the increasing demand for transmission bandwidth. Specifically, the combination of dual-polarization scheme and the cable television communication system enable the cable television communication system to transmit double signals within a bandwidth limitation.
A dual-polarization technology for cable television (CATV) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. An eighty analog signals employs the amplitude modulation vestigial sideband (AM-VSB) and 64 quadrature amplitude modulation (64-QAM) modulation to transmit into the optical fiber with dual-polarization technology. The experiment shows that quantity of signals in the cable television transmission system within a bandwidth limitation is increased by the dual-polarization scheme. Good carrier-to-noise ratio, composite second-order performance are achieved for transmission at a 20-km SMF operation. The approach presented in this work signifies the advancements in the convergence of the SMF-based Internet of Things.

[1] G. Kizer, Digital Microwave Communication: Engineering Point-to-Point Microwave Systems, Hoboken, USA:Wiley, 2013.
[2] F. K. Wu, “Tunable Microwave Photonic Filter for Communication System,” Master thesis, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 2013.
[3] A. Paff, “Hybrid Fiber/Coax in the Public Telecommunications Infrastructure,” IEEE Commun. Mag., vol. 13, no. 4, Apr. 1995.
[4] W.T. Lee, K.C. Chung, K.C. Chu, and J.Y. Pan, “DOCSIS Performance Analysis under High Traffic Conditions in the HFC Networks,” IEEE Trans. Broadcast., vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 21-30, Mar. 2006.
[5] Data-Over-Cable Service Interface Specifications, in Radio Frequency Interface Specification, Louisville, CO, USA, 2004.
[6] A. Mahmoud, S. W. Mahmoud, and K. Abdelhady, “Modeling and Simulation of Dynamics and Noise of Semiconductor Lasers under NTSC Modulation for Use in the CATV Technology,” Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences., vol. 4, pp. 99-108, 2015.
[7] Cisco Visual Networking Index, The Zettabyte Era--Trends and Analysis, Cisco white paper, 2014. Available from (Jun. 2021): https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/solutions/collateral/service-provider/visual-networking-in-dex-vni/vni-hyperconnectivity-wp.pdf.
[8] S. Kumar, Wireless Communications: The Fundamental and Advanced Concepts, Aalborg, Denmark:River, 2015.
[9] K. Otsubo, “Temperature-insensitive Eye-opening under 10-Gb/s Modulation of 1.3-µm p-doped quantum-dot Lasers without Current Adjustments,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., vol. 43, pp. 1124, 2004.
[10] A. Bensky, Short-Range Wireless Communication, United States, America:Newnes, 2004.
[11] C. Peucheret, Direct and External Modulation of Light, Technical University of Denmark, 2009.
[12] L. T. Jordanova and V. I. Topchiev, “Reduction of the Signal Nonlinear Distortion in CATV Systems Applying Dual Mach-Zehnder Modulators,” J. Opt. Commun., vol. 30, pp.74-79, 2009.
[13] A. Hraghi, “Application of Mach-Zehnder Modulator for High Speed Optical Communication Network,” Available from (Jun. 2021):
http://www.supcom.mincom.tn/Fr/upload/1522666365.pdf
[14] C. R. Cahn, “A Note on Signal-to-Noise Ratios in Band-Pass Limiters,” IRE Trans. on Information Theory, pp. 40-43, 1961.
[15] T. J. Karras, Equivalent Noise Bandwidth Analysis from Transfer Functions, NASA Technical Report, pp. 1-7, 1965.
[16] H. P. Hsu, Schaum's Outlines of Signals and Systems, New York:McGraw-Hill, pp. 219-223, 1995.
[17] S. Pralgauskaitė, V. Palenskis, J. Matukas, D. Seliuta, I. Kašalynas, and G. Valušis, “White Noise Peculiarities in Diode Structures,” Proc. 22nd Int. Conf. Noise Fluctuations (ICNF)., pp. 1-4, Jun. 2013.
[18] 圖2-7、自由電子運動方向示意圖. Available from (Jun. 2021):
https://slideplayer.com/slide/10640522/
[19] 圖2-8、自由電子運動方向示意圖. Available from (Jun. 2021):
https://physicsopenlab.org/2016/10/10/shot-noise-and-electron-charge/
[20] R. Coenen and M. Jackson, “The Impact of Fiber Dispersion on CNR in 80-Channel Wideband FM CATV Transmission,” 1999 Digest of the LEOS Summer Topical Meetings: Nanostructures and Quantum Dots/WDM Components/VCSELs and Microcavaties/RF Photonics for CATV and HFC Systems. IEEE, 1999.
[21] W. Ciciora, Cable Television in the United States, Cable Television Labs, Inc., 1995.
[22] W. I. Way, Broadband Hybrid Fiber/Coax Access System Technologies, New York:Academic, 1999.
[23] H. Lin and Y. Kao, “Nonlinear Distortions and Compensations of DFB Laser Diode in AM-VSB Lightwave CATV Applications,” IEEE J. Lightwave Technol., vol. 14, pp. 2567-2574, 1996.
[24] D. Dobrev and L. Jordanova, “Noise and Distortions Limitations in Designing of HFC CATV Systems,” Optical Fiber Technology., vol. 12, pp. 196-204, 2005.
[25] 陳雅玲，提升混合式光纖-微波分波多工傳輸系統效能，國立臺北科技大學光電工程所，臺北，2005。
[26] A. Brillant, Digital and Analog Fiber Optic Communication for CATV and FTTx Applications, Bellingham, USA, 2008.
[27] J. Helms, “Intermodulation Distortion of Broad-Band Modulated Laser Diode,” J. Lightwave Technol., vol. 10, pp. 1901-1906, 1992.
[28] W. Nai, D Dong, and X Hu, “Experiment Analysis of Nonlinear Indices in RFA Deployed Long-Haul CATV Transmission System,” 2012 Symposium on Photonics and Optoelectronics. IEEE, 2012.
[29] W. Chunhua, L. Li, and L. Fengqin, “Improving Composite Second Order Distortion Performances of Externally Modulated CATV Systems by Optical Fiber Raman Amplifiers,” Acta Optica Sinica, vol. 25, no. 9, 2005.
[30] M. R. Phillips and M. Daniel, Ott. “Crosstalk due to Optical Fiber Nonlinearities in WDM CATV Lightwave Systems,” J. Lightwave Technol., vol. 17, no. 10, 1999.
[31] K. Y. Lau and A. Yariv, “Intermodulation Distortion in Directly Modulated Semiconductor Laser,” Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 45, pp. 1034-1037, 1984.
[32] A. Campos, B. Hamzeh, and B. Williams, Testing for Nonlinear Distortion in Cable Networks, Cable Television Laboratories, Inc. (Cablelabs®), Louisville, 2013.
[33] T. Keller, and J. Modelski, “System for Automatic Measurements of Intermodulation Distortion in CATV Networks,” 13th International Conference on Microwaves, Radar and Wireless Communications., pp. 535-538, 2000.
[34] W. Y. Lin, C. H. Chang, P. C. Peng, H. H. Lu, and C. H. Huang, “Direct CATV Modulation and Phase Remodulated Radio-Over-Fiber Transport System,” Opt. Exp., vol. 18, no. 10, 2010.
[35] V. Germanov, “Calculating the CSO/CTB Spectrum of CATV Amplifiers and Optical Receivers,” IEEE Trans. on Broadcasting, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 363-366, Sept. 1998.
[36] 圖2-14、正交載波示意圖. Available from (Jun. 2021):
https://tw.pcbconline.org/870969-drawing-sine-and-cosine-wave-WUHQNW
[37] M.A. Bhagyaveni, R. Kalidoss, and K.S. Vishaksenan, Introduction to Analog and Digital Communication, Netherlands:River, 2016.
[38] S. Sen, N. Santhapuri, R. R. Choudhury, and S. Nelakuditi, “AccuRate: Constellation Based Rate Estimation in Wireless Networks,” NSDI, vol. 175, 2010.
[39] S. B. Alexander, Optical Communication Receiver Design, London:SPIE, no. 37, pp. 56, 1997.
[40] A. Brillant, Digital and Analog Fiber Optic Communication for CATV and FTTx Applications, Bellingham, USA:SPIE, pp. 313, 2008.
[41] G. Ballou, Handbook for Sound Engineers: The New Audio Cyclopedia, Focal Press, 1998.
[42] J. F. Huang and C. C. Wen, “Half-Split-Band Transmission of CATV Video Signals to Suppress IMD and OBI,” Master thesis, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, 1999.
[43] J. Wu and M. C. Wu, “Dual-Polarization Frequency Reuse with Frequency Band Shifting Allocation,” IEEE Trans. On Vehicular Technology., vol. 49, no. 6, pp. 2244-2256, Nov. 2000.
[44] R. Maher, D. Lavery, M. Paskov, P. Bayvel, S. J. Savory, and B. C. Thomsen, “Fast Wavelength Switching 6 GBd Dual Polarization 16 QAM Digital Coherent Burst Mode Receiver,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 297-300, 2014.
[45] S. Kashiwagi, R. Nakamura, and M. Nakamura, “Novel Twin-SSB-SC Method Using a DP-QPSK Modulator”, OECC2016., 2017.
[46] M. A. Bhagyaveni, R. Kalidoss, and K. S. Vishvaksenan, Introduction to Analog and Digital Communication, Netherlands:River, 2016.
[47] F. Farzaneh, Introduction to Wireless Communication Circuits, 2nd ed., Netherlands:River, pp. 223-249, 2020.
[48] S. Benedetto, E. Biglieri, and V. Castellani, Digital Transmission Theory, Englewood Cliffs:Prentice-Hall, 1987.
[49] M. S. Richer, G. Reitmeier, T. Gurley, G. A. Jones, J. Whitaker, and R. Rast, “The ATSC Digital Television System,” Proceedings of the IEEE., pp. 37-43, Jan. 2006.
[50] F. Farzaneh, Introduction to Wireless Communication Circuits, 2nd ed., Netherlands:River, pp. 425-464, 2020.
[51] F. Gatta, “An Embedded 65 nm CMOS Baseband IQ 48 MHz - 1GHz Dual Tuner for DOCSIS 3.0,” IEEE journal of solid-state circuits., vol. 48, no. 4, pp. 88-97, Apr. 2010.