隨著時代的演進，光纖通訊在電信科技的應用逐漸普及，其應用上不僅力求快速、安全，高容量傳輸也是重要的考量因素。因此，具有高速且高頻寬特性的光纖通訊逐漸獲得重視，其中關鍵技術的研究與開發使得資料傳輸量相對倍增，進而帶動整體光纖通訊網路的發展，以因應日漸俱增的傳輸需求。在應用上，光纖放大器可應用於光纖通訊網路，而光纖雷射則是可應用在生醫技術和光纖感測等。本論文開發一種C Band的單縱模摻鉺光纖雷射。通過在串聯或並聯架構中利用可飽和吸收體和兩個子環共振腔抑制了線性腔中空間燒孔引起的多縱模振盪。然後將雷射器調製至10Gb/s，用於眼圖測量，以證明達到單縱模雷射之效果。光纖雷射的光信噪比為34.5 dB，在一小時的運行中，最大功率波動小於1.3%。這種結構緊密、成本低廉的光纖雷射具有體積小、插入損耗低的優點，具備高速光通信的潛力。
接下來建立一套三向光纖通訊傳輸系統，去進行穩定度分析，依不同光源將架構設計為分波多工和不同波長的傳輸模式，且以不同波長的模式結合10 Gbit/s和2.5 Gbit/s電訊號傳輸，以0公里、25公里和50公里單模光纖測試，得到使用帶通濾波器而未接有色散補償可提升2-3 dB的功率償付。不同波長傳輸模式不同距離的功率償付為0.304 dB、0.595 dB及1.173 dB；在不同波長三向低速時的的功率償付，在不同距離下分別為0.101 dB、0.385 dB及0.538 dB，而10 Gbit/s和2.5 Gbit/s混成的結果，其功率償付分別為0.278 dB、0.404 dB及0.551 dB。
另一方面，開發一種基於布拉格光柵和長週期光纖光柵的光纖雷射感測系統，用於同時測量兩個參數，其目的是同時測量液位和溫度。在長週期光纖光柵的7.5nm波長漂移中，溫度從25到50̊C變化的結果，線性R2為0.9994。布拉格光柵液位感測的靈敏度會受到溫度變化的影響，從低溫的-0.12nm/cm到高溫的-0.004nm/cm，線性度R2約為0.9967。由於雷射腔的存在，所提出的具有廣泛動態範圍的光纖雷射可用於遠端監測。
最後，本文把開發光通訊系統與建構感測系統之經驗做結合，將無線光通訊應用於室內氣體感測。在室內氣體感測是利用不同氣體會吸收傳輸光源中不同波長的功率的特性，來感測氣體。本實驗使用 C+L band 的寬頻光源作為傳輸光源來感測氨氣，光源頻帶範圍為 1520 nm 到 1610 nm，氨氣的吸收頻譜 1520 nm 到 1562 nm，其中發射光譜與被測氣體的吸收光譜部分重合。並在接收端使用光頻譜分析儀來觀測吸收光譜的變化。在波長 1531.13 nm 時，感測氨氣濃度的靈敏度為 0.0016 mW/ppm，線性度 R2 為 0.9881。

According to the development of the times, optical communication in telecommunication technology has become more and more popular. Its application is not only fast and safe but also high-capacity transmission. Therefore, optical communication has high performance of high speed and high frequency, and wide bandwidth attract more and more attention. The research and development of critical technologies make the data transmission more and more multiplied, thus driving the growth of the overall optical communication network to meet the increasing transmission. In applications, optical amplifiers can be used in optical communication networks, while optical lasers can be used in biomedical technologies and optical sensing.
This dissertation develops a C-band single longitudinal mode Erbium-doped fiber laser. The multi longitudinal mode oscillation caused by spatial hole burning in the linear cavity is suppressed using a saturable absorber and two sub-ring resonators in series or parallel architecture. Then the laser is modulated to 10Gb / s for eye pattern measurement to prove the effectiveness of a single longitudinal mode laser. The optical signal-to-noise ratio of fiber laser is 34.5 dB, and the maximum power fluctuation is less than 1.3% in one-hour operation. This compact and low-cost fiber laser has the advantages of small volume and low insertion loss, and potential for high-speed optical communication.
Next, three-way optical fiber communication transmission systems are established to analyze the stability. The architecture is designed as wavelength division multiplexing and transmission modes of different wavelengths according to different light sources. The transmission modes of different wavelengths are combined with 10 Gbit / s and 2.5 Gbit / s electrical signals. It is tested with 0 km, 25 km, and 50 km single-mode optical fiber. It is obtained that the power can be increased by 2-3 dB by using a band-pass filter without dispersion compensation. The power compensation of different wavelength transmission modes and different distances is 0.304 dB, 0.595 dB, and 1.173 dB; The power compensation of three-way low-speed at different wavelengths is 0.101 dB, 0.385 dB, and 0.538 DB, respectively at different distances, while the power compensation of 10 Gbit / s and 2.5 Gbit / S is 0.278 dB, 0.404 dB, and 0.551 dB respectively.
On the other hand, a fiber laser sensing system based on Bragg grating and long-period fiber grating is developed to measure two parameters simultaneously. Its purpose is to measure liquid level and temperature at the same time. In the 7.5 nm wavelength drift of long-period fiber grating, the temperature ranges from 25- to 50 ̊ The linear change of R2 is 9994. The sensitivity of Bragg grating liquid level sensing will be affected by the temperature change. From -0.12nm/cm at low temperature to -0.004nm/cm at high temperature, the linearity R2 is about 0.9967. Due to the existence of a laser cavity, the proposed fiber laser with a wide dynamic range can be used for remote monitoring.
Finally, this paper combines the experience of switching on a light-emitting communication system and constructing a sensing system and applies wireless optical communication to indoor gas sensing. Indoor gas sensing is sensing by using the characteristics that different gases will absorb the power of different wavelengths in the transmission light source. In this experiment, the broadband light source of the C + L band is used as the transmission light source to sense ammonia. The frequency band of the light source ranges from 1520- to 1610 nm. The absorption spectrum of ammonia ranges from 1520- to 1562 nm, in which the emission spectrum partially coincides with the absorption spectrum of the measured gas. At the receiving end, an optical spectrum analyzer is used to observe the absorption spectrum change. At the wavelength of 1531.13 nm, the sensitivity of sensing ammonia concentration is 0.0016 MW / ppm, and the linearity R2 is 0.9881

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