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研究生: 吳婉萍
Wan-Ping Wu
論文名稱: 利用道路標線為基準進行透視變換估測車載速度之研究
Study of A Novel Vehicle Speed Estimation Using Road Marking-based Perspective Transformation
指導教授: 呂政修
Jenq-Shiou Leu
口試委員: 周承復
Cheng-Fu Chou
衛信文
Hsin-Wen Wei
王瑞堂
Jui-Tang Wang
呂政修
Jenq-Shiou Leu
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電資學院 - 電子工程系
Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering
論文出版年: 2021
畢業學年度: 109
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 41
中文關鍵詞: 速度估計深度學習機器學習透視轉換
外文關鍵詞: Speed Estimation, Deep Learning, Machine Learning, Perspective Transformation
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  • 由於近年來影像辨識能力的增強以及深度學習的技術的發展,車速辨識系統逐漸以一般攝影機進行偵測,我們只使用一台攝影機進行車速的辨識以降低硬體成本,並且在畫面中立即的計算車速而非計算一段距離之平均車速,以及透過影像中已知的資訊進行校正,使得裝置的安裝更為便利。
    我們使用機器學習方式偵測車輛物件,不致於因車輛行駛的方向而受到限制,另外利用道路交通標線規則可以取得所有標線的大小,將其與影像中道路標線進行透視轉換得到校正矩陣,因此不需事先量測道路的大小或是得到影像與實際場景的比例尺即可完成校正,爾後完成車速辨識的功能。本篇論文以車速20km/hr、30km/hr以及40km/hr進行車速偵測,其車速平均誤差為2.19 km/hr,平均相對誤差為7.56%。
    在未來的研究,我們除了必須研究如何提高車速辨識的準確性之外,還可以將系統輕量化,使得系統可建置於嵌入式裝置,讓系統建置成本更為低廉。


    Based on recent developments in speed estimation and deep learning technology, we prefer to use only one camera for speed estimation to reduce hardware costs. We calculate the speed immediately on the screen instead of calculating the average speed over a distance and calibrate the video by known information immediately, making it easier to install the device.
    We use a machine learning method to detect vehicle objects, so as not to be limited by the direction of the vehicle. In addition, the road traffic marking rules can be used to obtain the size of all the road markings, which can be converted to a correction matrix by road marking-based perspective transformation. Therefore, there is no need to measure the size of the road or get the scale of the image beforehand to calibrate and then complete the speed estimation. In this paper, speed detection is performed at 20km/hr, 30km/hr and 40km/hr. An average error is 2.19 km/hr, average relative error is 7.56%.
    In the future, we plan to improve the recognition accuracy and make the system lighter and cheaper for building it in an embedded system.

    論文摘要 I ABSTRACT II 目錄 III 圖表索引 IV 第 1 章 緒論 1 1.1 研究背景與動機 1 1.2 研究目的 2 1.3 章節提要 2 第 2 章 車速辨識相關技術 3 2.1 深度計算 3 2.2 現實轉換 3 2.3 神經網路 4 第 3 章 車速辨識系統的設計 8 3.1 道路校正模組 9 3.2 車輛車牌辨識模組 12 3.3 車速計算模組 14 第 4 章 實驗測試與結果 16 4.1 實驗工具介紹 16 4.2 實驗場域及流程介紹 17 4.3 實驗結果 17 第5章 結論 28 參考文獻 29

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