隨著資訊科技的進步，多元化的學習模式提供學生更多觀察與探索的機會，且鼓勵學生對學習內容有更深層思考。近年來，不少學者證實心智工具能激勵學生進行批判性與高層次的思考；使得心智工具在學生探索與思考的學習過程，扮演重要的角色。其中，試算表作為心智工具之學習方式，能幫助學生統整數值與分析學習內容。該學習策略適合補充現今地理科教學上之不足，又與學習地理科天氣變化單元之學習方法相似，可幫助學生比較氣候上的差異。因此，本研究欲提出一套以地圖式試算表為基礎的心智工具，協助學生對地理現象之分析及推論。為了評量此新穎學習模式的成效，本研究採用準實驗設計法，將受測者分為實驗組以及控制組。實驗組進行地圖式試算表作為心智工具之學習模式，控制組進行傳統多媒體資訊科技融入教學的學習模式。在學習活動結束後，本研究使用共變數分析(ANCOVA)檢定學習者的學習前後成就、學習前後態度、自我效能的改變；並使用獨立樣本t檢定來檢定兩組使用不同教學模式的學生，在學習後的學習滿意度與認知負荷表現是否有所差異。從研究結果顯示，地圖式試算表作為心智工具之學習模式應用於地理學習，對於學生的學習成就、學習態度、學習滿意度與認知負荷都顯著優於傳統資訊科技融入教學之學習模式。

The innovations of technologies carry the multiple learning models for students to explore the knowledge and to have deeper thinking in learning content. In recent year, some researchers have proved that computers as Mindtools can engage students in critical thinking and higher order thinking. Mindtools plays important roles in student’s learning process. Among those Mindtools, spreadsheets as Mindtool can inspire students to have logical and inferential thinking. This learning model can offset the weakness of Geographic teaching, and the learning behavior is similar to the learning model of climate change in geographic courses, which can assist students in reasoning climate change. Therefore, in this study, a map-integrated spreadsheet approach was proposed to developing Mindtool to engage students in higher order thinking, such as inference and decision making. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, a quasi-experimental design was conducted in the "phenomena of climate on earth" unit of an elementary school Geographic course. Two classes of sixth graders were assigned to an experimental group that learned with the proposed approach and a control group that learned with traditional technology-enhanced learning. After the learning activities, we used the ANCOVA to evaluate the changes of student’s learning achievement, learning attitude and self-efficiency. And then, we employed the independent t-test to test the difference of student’s learning satisfaction and cognitive load. The experimental result showed that the map-integrated spreadsheet approach significantly benefited the students in improving their learning achievement and promoting their learning attitude, learning satisfaction and cognitive load.

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