近一世紀工業快速發展，工廠林立，致使環境的污染日益嚴重，而重金屬所造成之汙染危害即為一重要議題。其中重金屬鎘，屬顯著危害人體健康排行第七的有毒物質，鎘中毒者嚴重會引發軟骨症或自發性骨折症，即為痛痛病。自民國71年在桃園縣爆發鎘米事件起，鎘汙染事件一連串的引爆，近幾年在彰化地區仍發現主要灌溉渠道受到電鍍業者排放重金屬廢水汙染；美國環境保護署允許飲用水僅能含有5ppb以內的鎘，一天則不可攝取超過0.1微克的鎘，台灣面對如此嚴峻的生態環境，檢驗鎘含量的方式只有火焰式原子吸收光譜儀、感應偶和電漿原子發射光譜儀等，皆屬於昂貴的精密儀器，檢驗的前置處理步驟複雜，整體的檢驗時間冗長，且僅有部分機構單位擁有這些檢驗儀器，對於農工商業及一般家庭民眾，想要進行產品或環境的鎘汙染含量檢驗，實屬繁複且所費不貲。因此本研究擬以特定細菌對重金屬抵抗機制中的鎘離子結合蛋白CadR，利用其結合鎘離子而釋放調節DNA的特性，在調節DNA序列上連接將p-Nitrophenyl-β-D- glucopyranoside (p-NPG )分解為葡萄糖的β-葡萄糖苷酶( β-glucosidases , BGL )，得到一個蛋白質鎘含量檢驗機制；當此機制檢驗鎘含量的同時，會釋放出連有β-葡萄糖苷酶的DNA序列，再加入p-Nitrophenyl-β-D- glucopyranoside (p-NPG )反應，產生與鎘含量成一定比例的葡萄糖及p-nitrophenol，故只需要以一般家庭常備的血糖機，就可簡易且快速檢測所含有的鎘含量，而p-nitrophenol呈黃色，也可藉由顏色的變化，透過分光光度計來推算鎘含量的濃度。 

Over the past century, the industry is rapidly develop and factories are everywhere. This development result in increasingly serious environmental pollution, and pollution hazards caused by heavy metals is an important issue. Heavy metal, cadmium, is a significant harm to human health, which ranked as seventh toxic substances. Cadmium poisoning will lead to seriously cartilage or spontaneous fracture, which called itai-itai disease. Since the beginning of cadmium pollution in Taoyuan County in 1982, a series of cadmium pollution incident had detonated. In recent years, we still found that some of the main irrigation channels in Changhua were polluted by the heavy metal wastewater pollution from electroplating industry. The US Environmental Protection Agency allows drinking water to contain only 5 ppb of cadmium, and people can’t intake more than 0.1 micrograms of cadmium in one day. Taiwan faces such a severe ecological environment, but the way to detect the content of cadmium only have flame atomic absorption spectrometry, inductance and plasma atomic emission spectrometry. These instruments are very expensive and the inspection of the pre-processing steps are complex, as well as the overall inspection time is lengthy, besides, only some of the institutional units have these testing equipments. It is complicated and expensive for agriculture, industry, commerce and the general family of people, who want to carry out the product or the environment of cadmium pollution test. Therefore, this study intends to use the cadmium binding protein CadR which has the mechanism of heavy metal resistance in specific bacteria. Taking advantages of CadR, which can bind to cadmium ions and release the regulatory DNA at the same time, we linked β-glucosidases(BGL), which can decompose p-Nitrophenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside(p-NPG) into glucose and p-nitrophenol, to the end regulatory DNA. Thus, the concentration of cadmium is relative to the amount of glucose and p-nitrophenol released by BGL so that we obtain a cadmium bioassay. Herein, we can easily and quickly detect the content of cadmium using the general family standing blood glucose machines. Moreover, p-nitrophenol is yellow, so we also can calculate the concentration of cadmium that is corresponded the color changes by the spectrophotometers. 

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