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研究生： 葉俊邑
Chun-I Yeh
論文名稱： 以可程式化系統單晶片開發一套穿戴式的心率與活動量監測系統
A Wearable Physical Activity and Heart Rate Monitoring Device Based on the Programmable System on Chip
指導教授： 林淵翔
Yuan-Hsiang Lin
口試委員: 陳益祥
Yih-Sharng Chen
周迺寬
Nai-Kuan Chou
陳維美
Wei-Mei Chen
許維君
Wei-Chun Hsu
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 電資學院 - 電子工程系
Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering
論文出版年： 2012
畢業學年度： 100
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 90
中文關鍵詞： 生理訊號監視 、可程式化系統單晶片 、智慧型手機 、心電圖 、穿戴式感測器 、計步器
外文關鍵詞： Physiological signals monitor, PSoC, smartphone, ECG, wearable sensor, pedometer
相關次數： 點閱：522  下載：13 
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    • 運動是維持身體健康的根本之道。不過多少運動量才夠呢？運動「333原則」可以提供您參考。「333原則」是指，至少每週運動3次，每次超過30分鐘以上，心率並達到每分鐘130下為原則。另一個維持健康原則是「每日一萬步、健康有保固」，要怎樣才知道運動心率和走了幾步?一般需要的是一個心率表和一個計步器。為了即時提供準確的心率和運動步數。本論文以可程式化系統單晶片開發一套穿戴式的心率與活動量監測系統，結合心率量測與計步器功能於一微小的模組上。搭配智慧型手機，使用者在運動時可以準確的知道自己的心率和運動步數。同時也將心率值轉換成運動強度，當運動強度達到一目標強度值且維持在此目標強度值的時間超過一預定時間，則會發出一警訊警告使用者。
    本論文利用可程式化系統單晶片配合周邊硬體電路，以雙電極電路去抓取心電訊號，以三軸加速計擷取步態訊號，經由多通道類比多工器切換三軸訊號與心電訊號供類比至數位轉換器取樣，再將訊號經由自行開發的訊號處理與演算法計算出心率及計步值，傳送給智慧型手機端作即時監控與回饋。在心率準確度的驗證方面，本論文的心率計算演算法先使用MIT-BIH ST change資料庫內記錄的運動程度測試心電圖波形做驗證，得到99.57%的準確度，之後也在跑步機上以不同運動速度驗證心率和計步準確度，心率的準確度在不同速度下(1.8km/h~9km/h)的平均誤差僅有0~2.028下。計步的準確度在不同速度下(1.8km/h~9km/h)的平均誤差僅有3.4~0.4下。

    The root of maintaining health is exercise. However, how much exercise is enough? A rule of exercise gives you suggestion - "333 Rule". It means that you should do exercise 30 minutes per time and three times every week at least, and let your heart rate (HR) reach to 130 beats per minute(bpm). Moreover, another keep health rule is walking 10000 steps every day. Nevertheless, how to know that HR and step count (SC)? Then you need a HR monitor and a pedometer. In order to measure the HR and SC in real time. We developed a wearable HR and activity monitoring system based on a programmable system on chip (PSoC) in this thesis. We combined HR monitor with pedometer in a tiny sensor module, which can connect to a smartphone to display user’s HR and SC during exercise. The HR was also used to determined exercise intensity simultaneously, when the exercise intensity reach target intensity and exceed a specified time will give a warning to user.
    In this thesis, we implemented the sensor module by a PSoC and peripheral circuits. Electrocardiography (ECG) is captured by a two-electrode biosignal amplifiler circuits. The gait signals are captured by a tri-axis accelerometer. An analog multiplexer is used to select the input signal of analog to digital convertor (ADC). Then, the digitalized data are processed and used to calculate the HR and SC. Finally, the HR and SC are sent to smartphone via Bluetooth. If abnormal signals are presented, smartphone will give a warning.
    The accuracy of HR detection algorithm was verified by using the MIT-BIH ST change database, and the accurate rate is 99.57%. Then, we also verified the accuracy of HR and SC in different speed from 1.8km/h to 9km/h on treadmill. As a result, we got the mean differences of HR are from 0 to 2.028 beats, and the mean differences of SC are from 3.4 to 0.4 steps.

    中文摘要 I Abstract II 誌謝 III 目錄 IV 表目錄索引 VII 圖目錄索引 VIII 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 動機與目的 1 1.2 文獻探討 2 1.3 相關論文比較 3 1.4 市售產品比較 5 1.5 論文架構 7 第二章 研究背景 8 2.1 心電訊號 8 2.1.1 心電訊號量測原理 8 2.1.2 心電訊號量測方法 9 2.1.3 心電訊號相關參數 10 2.2 計步器 12 2.3 三軸重力感測器 13 2.4 可程式化系統單晶片(PSoC) 14 2.5 PSoC開發軟體 15 2.6 印刷板設計軟體 17 2.7 智慧型手機與開發軟體 18 2.8 藍牙模組 20 第三章 研究方法 21 3.1 系統架構 21 3.2 硬體架構 21 3.2.1 雙電極心電訊號擷取電路 22 3.2.2 PSoC電路與周邊電路 24 3.2.3 實際硬體 26 3.3 PSoC韌體架構 27 3.3.1 ECG訊號處理 28 3.3.2 R-peak 偵測演算法 30 3.3.3 心率計算方法 31 3.3.4 加速度計訊號處理 32 3.3.5 計步演算法 34 3.3.6 資料傳輸封包格式 36 3.4 智慧型手機軟體 37 3.5 手機回饋提醒與運動強度 40 3.6 實驗架設 41 3.7 心跳準確度驗證方法 42 3.8 計步準確度驗證方法 42 第四章 實驗結果 43 4.1 MIT-BIH ST change database 資料測試 43 4.2 跑步機上之ECG實際訊號 45 4.3 ECG準確度驗證 49 4.4 運動心率趨勢圖 50 4.5 計步實際訊號 51 4.6 計步準確度驗證 57 4.7 計步訊號位置比較 59 4.8 功率消耗 60 第五章 結論、討論與未來展望 62 5.1 結論 62 5.2 討論與未來展望 63 5.2.1 心率量測 63 5.2.2 計步量測 63 5.2.3 體積與配帶方式 63 5.2.4 準確度與訊號處理演算法 64 5.2.5 功率消耗 64 參考文獻 65 附錄一 硬體電路圖 69 附錄二 PSoC內部設計圖 71 附錄三 計步實驗數據 72 附錄四 心跳實驗數據 77

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