病人安全是全球醫療機構工作之核心與基礎，而輸血安全在病人照護上是不可或缺的一環，且在醫院中一直被視為高風險流程，更是護理人員培訓的重要醫療照護課題。當新畢業護理師即將踏入臨床照顧之初，更是必須要學習的一項護理照護流程。為了增加學員在教師指導下的演練機會，翻轉學習的模式已經逐漸受到重視。然而，一般翻轉學習模式中，大多是透過影片呈現教學內容；在這樣單向傳遞資訊且欠缺體驗的學習環境下，多數學習者不易體會實際用在病人身上所遭遇的狀況，因而影響其判斷及處理個案的表現。隨著科技的進步，透過體驗學習模式之環景影像，具有高度沉浸體驗、低成本及技術門檻的優勢，已受到醫療教育領域的研究人員、臨床工作者與程式開發人員的重視。學者指出，將學習內容納入虛擬實境場景，基於體驗學習之環景影像訓練模式，具有透過情境體驗與互動效果激發學習者的學習動機，促進其學習參與。
因此，本研究使用環景影像虛擬實境技術，結合體驗學習模式，運用在新進護理師職前訓練課程中之「輸血安全」課程。本研究透過實驗設計，將參與的新進護理師區分為實驗組及控制組進行學習活動，以評估所提出方法的有效性。實驗組採用基於體驗學習之環景影像虛擬實境翻轉學習模式，而控制組使用一般翻轉學習模式。實驗的結果顯示，運用基於體驗學習之環景虛擬實境翻轉學習模式，除了可以增強新進護理師在學習成就外，同時顯著提升新進護理師的後設認知傾向、問題解決傾向與課堂參與度。這個結果可作為未來進行基於環景虛擬實境之翻轉學習研究，及護理教學應用的重要參考。

Patient safety is the core and fundamental requirement of services provided by medical institutions in the globe. The safety of blood transfusion is an indispensable part of patient care, which is a high-risk medical procedure; therefore, it has been recognized as an important medical care issue for nursing training in hospitals. When a novice nursing staff is about to start serving for clinical care, blood transfusion is a need-to-learn nursing training course. In order to increase the opportunities for trainees to practice under the guidance of teachers, the flipping learning approach has gradually attracted the attention from instructors. However, in the conventional flip learning mode, most of the teaching content is presented through videos; in such a one-way knowledge delivering mode, in which learners seldom have opportunities to experience the learning contexts, most learners might not be able to perceive the problems the patients have encountered. This could significantly affect their judgment and treatment on the case to be handled. The Spherical Video-based Virtual Reality (SVVR) technology, which provides an immersive environment that enables learners to have the opportunity to experience the learning contexts in a low-cost and low-tech condition, have been valued by researchers, clinicians, and program developers in the field of medical education. Scholars pointed out that incorporating learning content into the SVVR environment has great potential to boost learners' motivation owing to the situational experience and interactive features, and further improve their learning engagement.
Therefore, in this research, an SVVR technology-based flipped learning approach is proposed based on the experiential learning model for the "blood transfusion safety" course in an orientation programs for novice nursing staffs. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, an experiment was conducted by assigning the participating novice nursing staffs to an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group learned with the SVVR-based flipped learning mode, while the control group learned with the conventional flipping learning approach. The experimental results show that the proposed SVVR-based flipped learning approach not only enhanced the learning achievements of the nursing staffs, but also significantly improved their meta-cognition tendency, problem-solving tendency, and learning engagement. The findings of this study provide a good reference for those who intend to employ SVVR in their research or nursing training courses in the future.

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