本研究以結構方程式模型中的多群組分析檢驗「標準化空間能力測驗」之測驗結構是否具有跨年度測量恆等性，進而比較2007年與2009年樣本資料的潛在因素平均數之差異。
本研究結果顯示，2007年與2009年的樣本資料結構通過型貌、因素負荷量、截距、測量誤差、潛在因素變異數、潛在因素共變數及潛在因素平均數結構等七項因素恆等檢驗，進而支持此測驗能在不同年度使用之。此外，觀察分數平均數的差異比較與潛在因素平均數差異比較之結果是相同的，結果均一致的指出，2007年的常模樣本分數高於2009年的樣本。
本研究建議未來在一般測驗編製與維護的程序中能加入跨群組的恆等性檢驗，以維持測驗的使用效度和有效比較群組間的差異。

The multi-groups analysis of the structural equation model was applied in the study to examine if the structure of the Standardized Spatial Ability Test (SPAT) is measurement invariant across the years 2007 and 2009, and if the measurement invariance across years can be confirmed, the latent factor means of 2007 and 2009 can be obtained and compared.
The results showed that, the data structure of SPAT in the years successfully passed seven invariance testings of configure, factor loading, intercept, measurement error, latent factor variance, latent factor covariance and latent factor mean structure, which provided evidence that SPAT can be used in the ensuing years and the two means comparisons (latent factor means and observed score means) are the same showing that the 2007 norm scored higher than the 2009 sample.
The study concluded and suggested that multi-groups analysis of measurement invariance be incorporated into regular procedures for test development and maintenance to continuously increase test validity in use and in comparing different groups across genders, regions, time or any groups of interest.

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