鋰離子電池目前被廣泛運用在電動機車、電動汽車與行動裝置上，不論是應用在哪種產品上，鋰離子電池的剩餘容量是大眾最關心的，以電動汽、機車來說，準確的剩餘容量估測可以大幅降低駕駛的里程焦慮，可以更清楚知道何時該充電，上路時不需提心吊膽因電池沒電而無法繼續接下來的行程。
因此本文提出一種可主動量測電池剩餘容量之估測方法，以電池交流阻抗作為估測依據，過往的交流阻抗估測電池剩餘容量為使用靜態交流阻抗做估測，因靜態交流阻抗需在電池開迴路狀態下才有辦法量測，無法即時告知使用者電池目前剩餘容量， 因此本文採量測動態交流阻抗的變化來做電池剩餘容量估測，動態交流阻抗相較於靜態交流阻抗優點為可在充放電時進行即時的交流阻抗量測，可即時估測剩餘容量。本文使用Bio-Logic BCS-815量測動態交流阻抗，並搭配MATLAB之類神經網路工具進行類神經訓練。
實驗使用了兩種不同的正極材料進行驗證動態交流阻抗估測剩餘容量可行性。以鋰鈷作為正極材料的三星電池在自我驗證下不同剩餘容量下之平均絕對誤差皆小於1%，二次驗證電池不同剩餘容量下之平均絕對誤差皆小於2.5%，以鋰三元鎳鈷錳作為正極材料的能元電池在自我驗證下不同剩餘容量下之平均絕對誤差皆小於2%，二次驗證電池在不同剩餘容量下之平均絕對誤差皆小於4.6%。因此本文提出之方法，可利用在不同種正極材料電池之上。

Lithium-ion batteries are currently widely used in electric scooters, electric vehicles, and mobile devices. No matter which product is used, the remaining capacity of lithium-ion batteries is what the public is most concerned about. For electric vehicles and locomotives, accurate battery state-of-charge (SOC) estimation can greatly reduce the mileage anxiety of driving, and allow users to know when to charge, so they don’t need to worry about being unable to continue the next trip because the battery is empty.
Therefore, this thesis proposes an active SOC estimation method. The AC impedance of the battery is used as the estimation basis. In the past, the remaining capacity of the battery was estimated by using static AC impedance. However, because the static AC impedance can only be measured when the battery is in an open-circuit state, this method cannot immediately inform the user of the current remaining capacity of the battery. Therefore, in this thesis, the dynamic AC impedance is used to estimate the remaining capacity of the battery. The advantages of dynamic AC impedance compared to static AC impedance are that real-time AC impedance measurement during charging and discharging can instantly estimate the remaining capacity. This study uses Bio-Logic BCS-815 to measure dynamic AC impedance and uses neural network (NN) tools such as MATLAB for NN training.
Two different cathode materials were used in the experiment to verify the feasibility of dynamic AC impedance estimation of SOC. The average absolute error of Samsung batteries using lithium cobalt as the positive electrode material under different SOC is less than 1.0% under self-verification, and the average absolute errors under different SOC of secondary verification batteries are all less than 2.5%. For E-one Molicel batteries using Lithium ternary nickel cobalt manganese as the positive electrode material, the average absolute error under different SOC is less than 2.0% under self-verification, and the average absolute errors under different SOC of secondary verification batteries are all less than 4.6%. Therefore, the method proposed in this study can be used in batteries with different cathode materials.

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