科技導入教育已行之多年，讓學習從單向化擴展到互動化。目前科技增進學習（Technology-Enhanced Learning，TEL）的工具多是實體設備，但其受限於使用地點。利用線上課程學習雖然很常見，仍缺乏互動與即時回應。另一新興工具是智慧裝置上的「聊天機器人（chatbot）」。對話式聊天機器人在各式學習的應用已有研究，但對自然語言處理（Natural Language Processing，NLP）的應用及對訓練為導向之專業英語課程（English for Specific Purposes，ESP）的聊天機器人建置方法研究則較少。因此，本研究旨在發展建置方法論。具體來說，本研究探討NLP技術所進行的訓練需求分析、聊天機器人屬性、科技採用者特徵和訓練計畫是否對教學與學習效果有影響。為驗證所提出之命題，本研究進行半結構化訪談、內容分析及統計分析。

研究結果顯示該聊天機器人在節省時間和重複性工作能有效幫助ESP講師，但聊天機器人之建置和管理是一大擔憂。此外，聊天機器人與學習成果無顯著相關性，但整體幫助度和滿意度是很高的。

結果意味：專業英語講師充分瞭解操作和管理方法後，更有可能在課程中採用聊天機器人，若能提供更多的資源和功能，聊天機器人可以帶給學習者更多幫助。因此在採用過程中，聊天機器人的訓練計劃是最關鍵因素，以增進操作理解，並擴大對使用者的正向影響。

Technology has been adopted in education for years and extended the learning from one-way to interactive communication. Current tools for Technology-Enhanced Learning (TEL) are more related to physical technology but limited to places. Online courses are popular for learning, but lack of interaction and immediate responses still exists. An emerging approach in TEL is “chatbots” on smart devices. Conversational chatbots for various learning use have been studied, but research on the application of Natural Language Processing (NLP) and constructing methods of chatbots for training-oriented English for Specific Purposes (ESP) courses were relatively scant. Thus, this study aims to develop a methodology. Specifically, it explores if a training need analysis (TNA) by NLP, chatbot attributes, adopter characteristics and a training program would influence the teaching and learning outcome. To test propositions, semi-structured interviews, content analysis, statistical analysis were carried out.

Results showed that the chatbot effectively benefited ESP lecturers on time saving and repetitive work, but concerns for construction and management were expressed. Also, no significant correlation existed between the chatbot and learning outcomes. However, the overall helpfulness and satisfaction was high.

Results suggest ESP lecturers are more likely to adopt chatbots in the class after comprehending operational and managerial methods, and chatbots can benefit learners more if it can provide more resources and functions. Thus, a training program on the chatbot is considered the most critical factor in the adoption process to increase the understanding of how to use it and enlarge the positive effect on users.

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