本研究以工作家庭增益模型為基礎，來探討職家增益之前因（資源）與其後果（職家增益或滿意）的直接影響。其中職家增益（Work-family enrichment）分為工作-家庭增益（Work-to-family enrichment; WFE）與家庭-工作增益（Family-to-work enrichment; FWE）等二方向。另外，本研究亦探討性別與角色認同兩個面向對資源與職家增益的調節效果，來探究具有何種特性的個人會比較願意運用資源於工作或家庭，以得到更多的增益。本研究之樣本為全職工作者，共計378份有效樣本。研究結果發現，工作資源，如：學習機會、工作自主、尊重和支持家庭的組織，與工作-家庭增益有顯著的直接關係。家庭資源，如：家庭支持與家庭-工作增益和亦有顯著的直接關係。而調節效果對於工作資源的部分顯示，性別對於收入和WFE之間的關係，如同本研究之預測一樣，當女性投入越多收入於家庭，且這些收入幫助他們於家庭做出貢獻，則他們會得到更大的WFE。至於角色認同對於工作資源的調節效果則顯示，工作資源對與WFE之間不受角色認同之影響。另外，在調節效果對於家庭資源的部分則顯示出，家庭資源與FWE之間也不受性別及角色認同之影響。根據本研究結果，建議組織應提供多種資源，而部分資源應考慮不同的個人特性(如：性別)來提供。

This research is based on the work-family enrichment model used to examine the direct effects of the antecedents (resources) of work-family enrichment on work-family enrichment (outcomes). Work-family enrichment can be divided into two branches: WFE and FWE. In addition, this research also discusses which characteristics may affect an individual’s behavior when utilizing resources to work or family by examining how gender and role identities influence the relationship between resources and work-family enrichment. The sample in this research is full-time workers; there was a total of 378 valid samples. The finding proposes the idea that work resources such as learning opportunities, job autonomy, respect, and family supportive organizations are strongly associated with WFE, while family resources, like family support, are strongly associated with FWE. Consistent with the reactions regarding moderators between work resources and WFE, the finding shows that the more money women contributed to their family, the higher the WFE. As for the effect of role identity, it was proved that neither work resources nor WFE are affected by role identity. Besides, both gender and role identities do not moderate between family resources and FWE. According to the findings, we suggest that organizations provide a variety of resources, with some resources taking employees’ characteristics into consideration

中文文獻
行政院勞工委員會 http://www.cla.gov.tw/
張婷婷、陸洛、潘君鳳(2012)：〈工作與家庭的雙向增益：前因、後果及互依我的調節作用〉。《中華心理學刊》，54(4)，471-493。

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