《秘密花園》中譯本之評析｜國立臺灣科技大學博碩士論文系統

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研究生：	張玄奇 Hsuan-chi Chang
論文名稱：	《秘密花園》中譯本之評析 A Commentary on the Chinese Translations of Frances Hodgson Burnett’s The Secret Garden
指導教授：	賈繼中 Chi-chung Chia
口試委員:	鄧慧君 Huei-chun Teng 李永安 Yung-ann Li
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	人文社會學院 - 應用外語系 Department of Applied Foreign Languages
論文出版年：	2009
畢業學年度：	97
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	143
中文關鍵詞：	兒童文學、翻譯策略、祕密花園
外文關鍵詞：	children’s literature, translation strategy, The Secret Garden
相關次數：	點閱：272 下載：15
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上一筆

法蘭西斯．霍金森．柏內特的作品《秘密花園》不但長年被譽為兒童文學的經典作品之一，同時也受到許多成年讀者的推薦與喜愛。柏內特在書中以生動細膩的筆觸及對大自然的嚮往擄獲無數讀者的心，並為兒童讀者開啟了想像世界的大門。讀者隨著書中的主人翁瑪麗與柯林進行探險，進入神秘的秘密花園；讀者在文中亦可深刻地感受到兩人的付出、轉變及大自然的神奇力量。瑪麗與柯林正面的蛻變不但與秘密花園的轉變相呼應，同時也對年幼的兒童讀者有所啟迪。
此論文旨在探討《秘密花園》台灣中譯本中所出現的翻譯問題及可行的解決之道。我也希望這篇論文能點出翻譯兒童文學的困難處並為未來的兒童文學譯者提供相應的翻譯原則及翻譯策略。
本論文共有五章。第一章將說明研究動機並引出全文方向。第二章將簡單介紹法蘭西斯．霍金森．柏內特的生平、重要作品以及她對兒童文學界的貢獻和地位。同時，《秘密花園》的故事內容、主題及人物描寫也將在此探討。第三章將回顧先前重要的兒童文學翻譯理論及研究，並歸納出翻譯兒童文學的原則。第四章則藉由中譯本中的翻譯問題進行說明及示範兒童文學的翻譯策略與技巧。第五章為結論。

Regarded as one of the most successful children’s books ever written, Frances Hodgson Burnett’s The Secret Garden captures the imagination of the reader of children’s literature. Highly recommended by numerous children’s literature critics and writers, The Secret Garden caught the attention of the readers with the story of the positive transformation of the two protagonists—Mary Lennox and Colin Carven, and the beautiful portrayal of the mysterious garden, and the magical healing power of Mother Earth.
This thesis aims to explore the problematic translations in the Chinese versions of The Secret Garden published in Taiwan as well as to provide some possible solutions to these problems. I hope this thesis can offer some insights into the difficulties in translating books for children and generate some tenable translation strategies and guidelines for the future translators in the field of children’s literature. The thesis comprises five chapters. Chapter One will explicate the researcher’s motivation and offers the orientation of this thesis. Chapter Two will briefly introduce Frances Hodgson Burnett’s life, her major works in children’s literature and the plot, theme and characters of The Secret Garden, and most important of all, her contribution and significance in the history of children’s literature. Chapter Three will review the past studies on translating children’s literature and will point out the principles of translating The Secret Garden as well as children’s literature. Chapter Four will introduce and demonstrate the feasible translation strategies for translating children’s literature. The translation problems and some good translations revealed in the Chinese translations of The Secret Garden published in Taiwan will be examined. Commentaries on the problematic translations, feasible solutions to the problems, and the translation strategies will be provided here as well. Chapter Five is the conclusion.

CHINESE ABSTRACT		i
ENGLISH ABSTRACT		ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT	iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS	vi
LIST OF TABLES		viii
LIST OF FIGURES 		ix

CHAPTER ONE 	INTRODUCTION	1
1.1. Motivation of the Study	1
1.2. The Purpose and Significance of the Study	5

CHAPTER TWO 	FRANCES HODGSON BURNETT’S LITERATURE GARDEN FOR CHILDREN	7
2.1. Burnett’s Life and Her Major Works	7
2.2. The Secret Garden—One of the Most Important Works in Children’s Literature	10
2.3. The Plot of The Secret Garden	12
2.4. The Secret Garden Published in Taiwan	15

CHAPTER THREE 	THE TRANSLATION OF CHILDREN’S LITERATURE	19
3.1. Introduction of Previous Studies on the Translation of Children’s Literature	19
3.1.1. “Translation of Children’s Literature” by Zohar Shavit	19
3.1.2. Principles of Translating Children’s Literature                      by Lai, Tzu-yun (賴慈芸)	21
3.1.3. The Art of Simple Language by Lin, Liang (林良)	23
3.1.4. Basic Principles of Translating Children’s Literature                by Cai, Shang-zhi (蔡尚志)	24
3.2.     The Principles of Translating The Secret Garden for Children	26
3.2.1. Translations Concerning Burnett’s Writing Style	28
3.2.2. The Theme and Characterization of The Secret Garden	35
3.2.3. The Cultural Elements in The Secret Garden	49
3.2.4. Language Use	63
3.2.5. Conclusion	77

CHAPTER FOUR 	TRANSLATION PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS 	82
4.1. Amplification	82
4.2. The Strategies for Translating Names	90
4.3. Using Illustrations as Visual Aids	97
4.4. Division	117
4.5. Shift of Perspective	122
4.6. Conclusion	126

CHAPTER FIVE	CONCLUSION	130

WORKS CITED		137
In Chinese	137
In English	139
The Illustrations of The Secret Garden	143

LIST OF TABLES
Table 1
The Chinese Translations of The Secret Garden in Taiwan	16
Table 2
The Comparison between the Chinese Translations of the Cultural Words Used in   The Secret Garden	51
Table 3
The Comparison between the Chinese Translations of the Names Used in        The Secret Garden 92

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. The Illustration by Maria L. Kirk	101
Figure 2. The Illustration by Tasha Tudor	106
Figure 3. The Illustration in “shenmi huayuan”《神秘花園》 Translated        by Liu, Xue-ling (劉雪鈴)	109
Figure 4. The Illustration of Colin by Charles Robinson	112
Figure 5. The Illustration of Mary by Charles Robinson	114
Figure 6. The Cover of “mimi huayuan”《秘密花園》Translated                by Yang, Yu-niang (楊玉娘)	115

                                

In Chinese:
F.H.柏奈特，楊玉娘譯，《秘密花園》。台北：新潮社，2004年。
班內特，謝靜雯譯，《秘密花園》。台北：天下雜誌，2009年五月。
馬佑真，《青少年文學翻譯初探—以德國作家耶利希．凱斯特納 (Erich Kästner) 少年小說—〈Das doppelte Lottchen〉的中文翻譯為例》。碩士論文，輔仁大學翻譯學研究所，1996年。
---，〈翻譯少年小說應有的顧慮與考量—從翻譯理論與編輯實務談起〉。《擺盪在理性與感性之間：兒童文學論述選集1988-1998》，劉鳳芯主編。台北：幼獅文化，2000年。60-103。
法蘭西絲．賀治森．朋尼特，劉雪鈴譯，《神秘花園》。台南：漢風，1993年。
法蘭西絲．霍森．伯納特，蕭菲譯，《秘密花園》。台北：華文網，2004年。
天下雜誌世界經典系列—第一堂文學啟蒙課，2009年七月十七日<http://www.cwbook.com.tw/reader/2009/classic/intro02.jsp>。
賴慈芸，〈論童書翻譯與非文學翻譯相左之原則—以趙元任《阿麗思漫遊奇境記》為例〉。《兒童文學學刊：台灣童書翻譯專刊》4(2000)：36-61。
廖玉玲，《兒童文學作品裡文化詞的翻譯策略—以〈大森林裡的小木屋〉為例》。碩士論文，輔仁大學翻譯學研究所，2006年。
林良，《淺語的藝術》。台北：國語日報，2000年。
柯平，《英漢與漢英翻譯》，台北：書林，2004年。
教育部國語辭典簡編本，<http://dict.concised.moe.edu.tw>。
趙永芬，〈少年小說翻譯的困境與解決之道—試論《洞》的翻譯策略〉。《兒童文學學刊：台灣童書翻譯專刊》4(2000)：150-73。
周惠玲，〈兒童文學翻譯面面觀〉。《中華民國出版年鑑》。2001年。273-80。
陳定安編著，《英漢比較與翻譯》。台北：書林，1997年。
陳宏淑，《兒童圖畫故事書翻譯原則之探討與應用》。碩士論文，輔仁大學翻譯學研究所，1993年。
---，〈論林良的翻譯觀與兒童觀—以譯作《醜小鴨》為例〉。《國立台北教育大學語文集刊》13(2008)：1-25。
阮若缺，〈《小王子》的閱讀熱現象〉。《世界文學翻譯文學與文學翻譯 002 冬季號》。台北：麥田，2002年。182-88。
蔡尚志，《兒童故事原理》，台北：五南，1994年。
思果，《翻譯新究》，十四版。台北：大地，2003年。
葉子南，《英漢翻譯理論與實踐》，台北：書林，2000年。

In English:
Alkman, Zandra. Cultural Context Adaptation in Translating of Children’s Book. 19 April 2009. <http://www.oru.se/oru-upload/Institutioner/Humaniora/Dokument/engelska/uppsatser/Zandra%20Alkman%20-%20Cultural%20context%20adaptation%20in%20translation%20of%20children's%20books.pdf >
Bawden, Nina. “Returning to The Secret Garden.” Children’s Literature in Education 19.3 (1988): 165-69.
Bell, Anthea. “Translator’s Notebook: Delicate Matters.” The Translation of Children’s Literature: A Reader. Ed. Gillian Lathey. New York: Multilingual Matters Ltd, 2006. 232-40.
Burnett, Frances Hodgson. The Secret Garden. New York: HarperCollins, 2007.
Chao, Szu-Hua. The Fantastic Sublime in Mary Poppins: A Study and Translation. MA thesis, National Chi Nan University, 2005.
Cullinan, Bernice E., and Diane G. Person, ed. The Continuum Encyclopedia of
Children's Literature. New York: Continuum, 2001.
Gerzina, Gretchen Holbrook, ed. Introduction. The Annotated Secret Garden. By Frances Hodgson Burnett. New York: Norton, 2007. xiii-xl.
---, ed. The Annotated Secret Garden. By Frances Hodgson Burnett. New York: Norton, 2007.
Gunther, Adrian. “The Secret Garden Revisited.” Children’s Literature in Education 25.3 (1994): 159-68.
Jentsch, Nancy K. “Harry Potter and the Tower of Babel: Translating the Magic.” The Translation of Children’s Literature: A Reader. Ed. Gillian Lathey. New York: Multilingual Matters Ltd, 2006. 190-207.
Laski, Marghanita. Mrs. Ewing, Mrs. Molesworth, and Mrs. Hodgson Burnett. London: Author Barker, 1950.
Lathey, Gillian. “Translating the Visual.” The Translation of Children’s Literature: A Reader. Ed. Gillian Lathey. New York: Multilingual Matters Ltd, 2006. 111-12.
Lipson, Eden Ross. Parent’s Guide to the Best Books for Children. 3rd ed. New York: Three River Press, 2000. 340-41.
Lukens, Rebecca J. A Critical Handbook of Children’s Literature. 8th ed. New York: Pearson, 2007.
Mackey, Margaret. “Strip Mining in the Garden: Old Stories, New Formats, and the Challenge of Change.” Children’s Literature in Education 27.1 (1996): 3-20.
Martin, Alice. “A Translator’s View of Translation Norms.” 28 March 2009. <http://www.eng.helsinki.fi/projects-and-events/hes/Translation/a_translator.htm>
National Central Library Online Catalog. 2007. 22 February 2009. <http://aleweb.ncl.edu.tw>
Nikolajeva, Maria. The Rhetoric of Character in Children’s Literature. Lanham, Md,: Scarecrow, 2002.
O’ Connell, Eithne. “Translating for Children.” The Translation of Children’s Literature: A Reader. Ed. Gillian Lathey. New York: Multilingual Matters Ltd, 2006. 15-24.
O’ Sullivan, Emer. “Translating Pictures.” The Translation of Children’s Literature: A Reader. Ed. Gillian Lathey. New York: Multilingual Matters Ltd, 2006. 113-21.
Oittinen, Riitta. Translating for Children. New York: Garland Publishing Inc, 2000.
Parson, Linda T. “‘Otherways’ into the Garden: Re-Visioning the Feminine in The Secret Garden.” Children’s Literature in Education 33.4 (2002): 247-68.
Pinsent, Pat. Children’s Literature and the Politics of Equality. London: David Fulton Publishers, 1997. 109-22.
Shavit, Zohar. “Translation of Children’s Literature.” Poetics of Children’s Literature. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1986. 110-30.
Silvey, Anita. 100 Best Books for Children. New York: Houghton Mifflin, 2004.
Smith, Dinitia. “BOOKS OF THE TIMES; In a Topsy-Turvy Life, Finding Her Secret Garden.” New York Times on the Web 28 July 2004. 21 Sept. 2008 <http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9806E2DD123DF93BA15754C0A9629C8B63&scp=4&sq=the%20secret%20garden+Frances%20Hodgson%20Burnett&st=cse >.
Stan, Susan. “Going Global: World Literature for American Children.” 11 January 2009. <http://www-instruct.nmu.edu/education/simdieke/Stan.html/>.
The Oxford Compact English Dictionary Online. <http://www.askoxford.com /?view=uk>
Thacker, Deborah Cogan and Jean Webb. “Romanticism vs. Empire in The Secret Garden.” Introducing Children's Literature: from Romanticism to Postmodernism. New York: Routledge, 2002. 91-97.
Threadgold, Rosemary. “The Secret Garden: an appreciation of Frances Hodgson
Burnett as a novelist for children.” Children’s Literature in Education 10.3 (1979): 113-19.
Townsend, John Rowe. Written for Children: An Outline of English-language Children’s Literature. Lanham, Md: Scarecrow Press, 1996.
“WHAT WAS HID IN A GARDEN; It Was Healthful Happiness and Two Little Children, Adventuring There, Found It.” New York Times on the Web 3 Sept. 1911. 16 Sept. 2008 <http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=940DE7D91531E233A25750C0A96F9C946096D6CF>.
Yamazaki, Akiko. “Why Change Names? On the Translation of Children’s Books.” Children’s Literature in Education 33.1 (2002): 53-62.
Zinsser, William, Ed. World of Childhood: The Art and Craft of Writing for Children New York: Houghton Mifflin, 1990.

The Illustrations of The Secret Garden:
Kirk, Maria L. The Secret Garden. By Frances Hodgson Burnett. New York: Frederick A. Stokes, 1911. 157.
Robinson, Charles. The Secret Garden. By Frances Hodgson Burnett. London: William Heineman, 1912.
Tudor, Tasha. The Secret Garden. By Frances Hodgson Burnett. New York: HarperCollins, 2007. 91.
法蘭西絲．賀治森．朋尼特，劉雪鈴譯，《神秘花園》。台南：漢風，1993年。266。

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