本論文旨在設計一個安全可靠的匿名身分驗證協議，利用零知識證明技術，來強化使用者的隱私安全，能在不透漏使用者資訊的情況下使服務提供商驗證車輛的合法性。同時，若是車輛違規或有惡意行為，可以透過第三方信任機構使用車輛索引值追蹤車輛。此外，我們設計了一個基於安全密鑰的快速重連過程，若車輛索引值還未過期，則可以進行快速驗證，減少計算開銷。
我們的協議具有抵抗各類典型安全攻擊的能力，包括重送攻擊、中間人攻擊以及內部攻擊等。此外，我們的協議還滿足匿名性、不可追蹤性、不可連結性以及前向安全性等特性。
在效能方面，我們提出的協議所需的一次身分驗證運算時間為24.227毫秒，我們的協議同時提供多項安全保障，也確保隱私保護，所以我們提出的協議在車聯網環境下是具有競爭優勢的。

This paper aims to design a secure and reliable anonymous identity authentication protocol utilizing zero-knowledge proof technology to enhance user privacy. This allows service providers to verify the legality of a vehicle without disclosing user information. Additionally, if a vehicle is involved in violations or malicious behavior, it can be tracked using a vehicle index by a trusted third-party authority. Moreover, we have designed a fast reconnection process based on secure keys. If the vehicle index has not expired, it can undergo quick verification, thereby reducing computational overhead.
Our protocol is capable of resisting various typical security attacks, including replay attacks, man-in-the-middle attacks, and insider attacks. Furthermore, our protocol satisfies properties such as anonymity, untraceability, unlinkability, and forward security.
In terms of performance, the proposed protocol requires 24.227 milliseconds for a single identity authentication computation. Our protocol not only provides multiple security guarantees but also ensures privacy protection, making it a competitive solution in the Internet of Vehicles.

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