射出成形技術製造微米尺度光學元件較為困難，因需要同時控制多個製程參數使產品於誤差範圍內。本研究將模擬退火法(Simulated Annealing, SA)與基因演算法(Genetic Algorithm, GA)應用於離軸非球面反射式光柵光學元件 (Off-Axial Aspherical Reflective Grating Optical Element, OAA-RGOE)製成，使巨觀尺度下非球面之殘餘誤差(Residual error, Rt)降低及微觀尺度下微結構之成形複製率(Groove Filling Ratio, GFR)提高。另外，利用模流分析結合材料特性預估不同材料的射出成型視窗。延續先前研究之成果，將射出成形中的七個參數，針對成形誤差與微結構複製率擬合回歸方程式，並使用模擬退火法與基因演算法找出最佳射出成形參數。再利用模流分析結合LCP-LCR270N的材料性質預估成形視窗並驗證。經實際射出成形視窗後得知，預估與實際射出的成形視窗其可成形OAA-RGOE的範圍皆相同。由演算法的結果實際射出得知，最佳之Rt值可降至13.19 μm及GFR為81.1 %，光學性質半高寬為9.8 nm，雜散光為6.53 %。且在與先前研究相同的光學性質下，利用模擬退火法可以得到較好的成形誤差。未來研究可增加數據的數量或加入更多的製程變數於回歸方程式中，提升找到更好的射出參數的可能性。本研究之OAA-RGOE可應用於微型光譜儀。

Injection molding technology is difficult to produce micron-scale optical components, because it is necessary to control multiple process parameters at the same time to keep the product within the error range. This study aims to improve the residual error (Rt) of the aspheric surface at the macro scale and the Groove Filling Ratio (GFR) of the microstructure at the micro scale of Off-Axial Aspherical Reflective Grating Optical Element (OAA-RGOE) by using Simulated Annealing (SA) and Genetic Algorithm (GA). In addition, uses mold flow analysis combined with material properties to predict the injection molding window of different materials. This thesis continues the previous research. This research fits the regression functions for the Rt and GFR by using seven sets of injection molding parameters, and use SA and GA to find the best injection parameters, which have the lowest Rt and the highest GFR. Moreover, using mold flow analysis software, and combined the material properties of LCP-LCR270N to estimate the molding window and verified by molding window experiment. After molding window experiment, it is known that the range of OAA-RGOE that can be formed is the same form the estimated and actual molding window. According to the experiments results from SA and GA, the best Rt value can be reduced to 13.19 μm and GFR is 81.1 %. The optical property Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM) is 9.8 nm and the Stray Light Ratio (SLR) is 6.53 %. In addition, under the same optical properties as the previous research, SA can have better forming errors. In future work can increase the amount of data or add more variables to the regression function to improve the possibility of finding better injection molding parameters. The OAA-RGOE in this study can be inserted into a miniature spectrometer.

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