本研究使用N-甲基吡咯烷酮代替二甲基亞碸來製備甲脒碘化鉛鈣鈦礦薄膜。這項研究結果表明，使用N-甲基吡咯烷酮作為製備甲脒碘化鉛鈣鈦礦薄膜的輔助溶劑可以有效改善地消除製作時產生裂痕的問題，以改善鈣鈦礦太陽能電池的性能。同時，利用部份置換A位陽離子與X位陰離子可以提升元件開路電壓與穩定性。除此之外，在本研究中擬藉由添加溴化銫鉛量子點做為異質核點來增大甲脒碘化鉛鈣鈦礦晶粒。透過掠角式X光繞射圖譜分析可知鈣鈦礦平均晶粒由24.4 奈米增大至40.3 奈米，因此平均開環電壓由1.01 V提升至1.07 V。我們更進一步使用苯乙胺氫碘酸於甲脒碘化鉛鈣鈦礦層表面形成2D/3D混合結構探討對甲脒碘化鉛鈣鈦礦太陽能電池效能的影響。可知2D/3D混合結構構成了交錯能帶對位關係，使光生電子與電洞能有效地分離，從而提高了太陽能電池的短路電流、開環電壓、填充因子與轉換效率等關鍵參數。在本研究中的最佳太陽能電池表現為：短路電流密度為23.61 mA/cm2，開環電壓值為1.09 V，填充因子為0.76，轉換效率達19.58%。此外，透過苯乙胺氫碘酸鹽界面修可使甲脒碘化鉛鈣鈦礦層具有更好的疏水性。經過穩定性測試，經由苯乙胺氫碘酸鹽修飾的太陽能電池表現出色的穩定性。在150小時內元件能夠維持接近70％的初始效率。

This study aimed to use N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as a replacement for dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in the preparation of formamidine lead iodide (FAPbI3) perovskite films. The results of this research indicate that using NMP as an good auxiliary solvent for the preparation of FAPbI3 perovskite films effectively eliminates the issue of crack formation during fabrication, thus improving the performance of perovskite solar cells. Additionally, partial substitution of A-site cations and X-site anions enhances the open-circuit voltage and stability of the devices. Furthermore, in this study, cesium lead bromide quantum dots (CsPbBr3 QDs) were added as heterogeneous nucleation sites to increase the grain size of FAPbI3 perovskite. Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the average grain size of FAPbI3 perovskite increased from 24.4 nm to 40.3 nm, resulting in an improvement in the average open-circuit voltage from 1.01 V to 1.07 V. Moreover, a 2D/3D hybrid structure was formed on the surface of the FAPbI3 perovskite layer using phenethylammonium iodide (PEAI), and its impact on the performance of perovskite solar cells was investigated. Band structure analysis revealed that the 2D/3D hybrid structure formed a staggered band alignment, effectively separating photogenerated electrons and holes, thereby enhancing key parameters such as short-circuit current density (JSC), open-circuit voltage (VOC), fill factor (FF), and power conversion efficiency () of the solar cells. The best-performing solar cell in this study achieved a JSC of 23.61 mA/cm², a VOC of 1.09 V, a FF of 0.76, and a  of 19.58%. Additionally, PEAI interface modification resulted in improved hydrophobicity of the FAPbI3 perovskite layer. Stability testing showed excellent stability of the solar cells modified with PEAI, with the devices maintaining nearly 70% of their initial efficiency over 150 hours.

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