火災中的建築物內部對消防人員以及受困的民眾來說都是充滿濃煙的黑暗環境。消防人員在火場的黑暗環境中能夠越快搜尋與救助受困的待救者，越能提昇待救者的存活率。本研究旨在探討消防人員於黑暗環境中的尋路行為，應用新北市政府消防局空氣呼吸器訓練場之濃煙搜索訓練室進行實驗。參與實驗的消防人員其搜尋路徑皆以無線射頻辨識系統（Radio-Frequency Identification，RFID）記錄。研究結果發現，隨著參與實驗人員越來越熟悉在黑暗環境中的尋路行為，在每個搜索室的平均搜尋時間從135.3秒降到19.4秒。此外，較小搜索室搜尋時間較短。大部分的參與實驗人員搜尋超過第三個搜索室時容易發生迷失（Disorientation）反應。本研究之發現對未來消防人員的火場搜索與救助策略及濃煙搜索教育訓練提供精進建議。

A building on fire is smoky and dark for both firefighters and the civilians trapped inside. The faster the firefighters find a way to search for and rescue the civilians at a fire scene, the higher the rate of survival is for the people trapped inside. This study presents a discussion on the characteristics of firefighters’ wayfinding under low visibility. The firefighters who participated in this study underwent testing at a training ground. The participants’ search and wayfinding paths were recorded using radio frequency identification (RFID) technology. The results revealed that the mean of searching time in each room decreased from 135.3 to 19.4 s in general as the firefighters became increasingly familiarized with the task. In addition, smaller rooms contributed to shorter searching time. Most participants could manage a maximum of 3 rooms; hence, wayfinding disorientation manifested among the participants after they searched through the third room. These findings are crucial for the design of fireground strategies and training.

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