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研究生： 林姝廷
Shu-Tyng Lin
論文名稱： 以脈波傳遞時間為基礎的非侵入式連續性血壓量測與校正
A PTT-Based Method for Noninvasive and Continuous Blood Pressure Measurement and Calibration
指導教授： 林淵翔
Yuan-Hsiang Lin
口試委員: 陳維美
Wei-Mei Chen
阮聖彰
Shanq-Jang Ruan
林淵翔
Yuan-Hsiang Lin
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 電資學院 - 電子工程系
Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering
論文出版年： 2017
畢業學年度： 105
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 114
中文關鍵詞： 非侵入式血壓量測 、光體積變化描述器 、心電圖 、脈波傳遞時間 、脈波傳遞速率
外文關鍵詞： noninvasive measurement, Photoplethysmograph (PPG), Electrocardiography (ECG), pulse transit time (PTT), pulse wave velocity (PWV)
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  •  上一筆

    • 血壓反映心臟與血管的相關疾病，是一個評斷心血管狀況的參考指標。為了更方便地連續量測血壓變化，並跟上使用穿戴式裝置的個人化健康護理的趨勢，本研究使用了以脈波傳輸時間(pulse transit time, PTT)為基礎的血壓量測原理，並探討不同的校正方式，來提升非侵入式連續性血壓量測的準確度。

    本論文首先使用訓練組得到之固定參數的公式將PTT對映至收縮壓，再與市售血壓計進行比較後，得到6.33 ± 13.98 mmHg的實驗統計結果。此外，不論是使用訓練組得到的固定公式或是依照參考組每個人分別得到的固定公式，經過個人化參數校正之後，皆可以有效提升血壓量測的準確性，與市售血壓計分別比較後，得到-1.79 ± 4.44 mmHg與-0.47 ± 3.95 mmHg的實驗統計結果。再者，經過與市售血壓計以及使用聽診器與水銀血壓計的聽診法驗證，證明本研究之以PPG為基礎進行校正的方法可以準確地找到收縮壓，並應用於PTT 推估的血壓校正。

    總結以上可以得知：本論文以受測者本身參數進行血壓校正的方法，可以實現於更準確的血壓量測，並應用於未來的個人化穿戴式醫療照護。

    Blood pressure (BP) is one of fundamental reference parameters in cardiovascular assessment, and is highly related to heart diseases and artery diseases. To improve the convenience of continuous BP measurement and to join the trend of personal healthcare based-on wearable devices, a BP estimation method together with different calibration strategies on the basis of pulse transit time (PTT) is implemented and discussed in this thesis.

    Different calibration strategies are obtained for BP measurement. In this thesis, we first obtain a constant set of parameters from the training group for BP measurement. These parameters have an accuracy of 6.33 ± 13.98 mmHg as compared to the commercial BP monitor. Based on both results of the constant parameter equation and the method of subject-dependent equation with offset correction, a raise of accuracy is effectively achieved and has a result of -1.79 ± 4.44 mmHg and -0.47 ± 3.95 mmHg, respectively, as compared to the commercial BP monitor. In addition, we have verified the accuracy of the SBP found by the proposed PPG-based calibration method based on the comparisons with the commercial BP device and the auscultatory based measurement. Furthermore, we have proved that the PPG-based calibration method is capable of making precise SBP decision and being applied to the calibration of PTT-based BP estimation.

    In summary, the proposed method of subject-dependent calibration with offset correction can be used as a more accurate method for BP measurement and can be applied to wearable devices for personal healthcare in the coming future.

    Abstract in Chinese I Abstract in English II Acknowledgements III Contents IV List of Figures VII List of Tables X 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Motivation and Objectives 1 1.2 Previous Work 3 1.3 Organization of the Thesis 6 2 Background 7 2.1 Blood Pressure 7 2.2 Auscultatory Method 8 2.3 Oscillometric Method 8 2.4 Pulse Transit Time (PTT) 10 2.4.1 Photoplethysmography (PPG) 11 2.4.2 Electrocardiography (ECG) 12 3 Methodology 13 3.1 System Structure 13 3.2 Hardware Structure 14 3.2.1 Sensor Module 14 3.2.1.1 ECG Extraction 15 3.2.1.2 PPG Extraction 16 3.2.1.3 Bluetooth Module 16 3.2.2 Cuff Module 16 3.2.2.1 Cuff Control 17 3.2.2.2 Pressure Sensor 17 3.3 Algorithms 18 3.3.1 Measurement Mode 19 3.3.1.1 ECG Peak Detection 19 3.3.1.2 PPG Peak Detection 20 3.3.1.3 PTT Determination 21 3.3.1.4 Blood Pressure Estimation 22 3.3.2 Calibration Mode 23 3.3.2.1 Procedure of the Calibration Mode 23 3.3.2.2 The PPG-Based Calibration Method 24 3.3.2.3 Offset Correction 26 3.4 User Interface 26 3.5 Experiment Processes 27 3.5.1 Subjects 28 3.5.2 Devices 29 3.5.3 Experimental Procedure 30 3.5.3.1 Experiment I. Before and After Running 30 3.5.3.2 Experiment II. Resting 31 3.5.3.3 Accuracy Analysis 31 3.5.3.4 Calibration Analysis 32 3.6 Validation Setup 33 4 Results and Discussion 34 4.1 Accuracy of the PPG-Based Calibration Method 34 4.1.1 Reference with the Commercial Device 34 4.1.2 Reference with the Auscultatory Method 35 4.1.3 Reference with the Commercial Wristband 37 4.2 Calibration Analysis 37 4.2.1 Strategy 1. Overall Correlation Analysis 37 4.2.2 Strategy 2. Subject-Dependent Calibration 41 4.2.3 Strategy 3. Overall Function with Subject-Dependent Offset Correction 50 4.2.4 Strategy 4. Subject-Dependent Calibration with Offset Correction 59 4.2.5 Strategy 5. Subject and Day-Dependent Calibration 63 4.3 Effect of Calibration 65 4.3.1 Strategy Chosen 65 4.3.2 Calibration Frequency 69 4.4 Limitations and Future Work 70 5 Conclusion 72 References 73 Appendix I: The Overall Function Analysis 80 Appendix II: Subject-Dependent Calibration 85 Appendix III:Overall Function with Subject-Dependent Offset Correction 90 Appendix IV: Subject-Dependent Calibration with Offset Correction 95

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