台灣地區所需之石油皆需仰賴國外進口。因為油輪進港時必須考慮運輸油輪吃水深度、進港、轉向、火災預防及海水污染等問題，所以油輪皆採用外海卸油設備。油料藉由海底管線輸送到岸邊油槽，再泵至煉油工廠，以節省運輸費用。藉由使用海底油管輸油，將可加大油輪噸位，所需吃水深度、海底管線長度及管徑等。而其中海底油管路徑佈設最佳化與否將會影響施工成本與施工難易度，此議題卻鮮少被人所討論。因此，本論文採用蟻群最佳化演算法，以探討海底油管之最佳化路徑規劃。
首先，將地圖依海底等高線訂定五種不同的權重以代表地形傾斜程度，並採用蜂巢式單位區間方式來設計地圖，以降低油管彎頭損耗。其次，採用蟻群最佳化演算法(應用一組啟發式函數)與多目標蟻群最佳化演算法(應用二組啟發式函數)，依地圖所設定之權重分配與最短距離，達到最佳化路徑之選擇。此外，也對原始外海輸油點附近之海域做不同輸油點之成效評估，以取得優於原先設置外海輸油點位置之較佳路徑，方便提供未來管線設置之選擇。模擬結果證實，多目標蟻群最佳化演算法優於蟻群最佳化演算法，並隨著疊代可找到海底管線設置之最佳化路徑。

Taiwan region relies on imports for its petroleum demands. Because issues such as depth of immersion, docking, steering, fire prevention, and water pollution must be taken into account when crude carriers enter the port, offshore tanker unloading equipment is used. Therefore, all crude carriers are equipped with sea dumping equipment. Oil is transported to the oil tank near the shore through the submarine pipeline and then is sent to the refinery plant to cut down transportation costs. By using the submarine pipeline to transport oil, the tonnage of crude carriers, required depth, submarine pipeline length, and pipeline diameter can be increased. However, literature survey indicates that the issues are rarely discussed concerning the submarine pipeline path layout optimization. Therefore, the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) was adopted in this study to discuss the optimal path planning of submarine pipelines.
First, the map was given five different weights depending on the seabed contours to represent the slope of the terrain. Then, the hexagonal unit interval method was adopted to design the map and reduce the wear and tear of the pipeline bend. Secondly, the ACO (using one set of heuristic functions) and multi-objective ACO (using two sets of heuristic functions) were adopted to achieve optimal path selection based on the weight distribution and the shortest distance settings in the map. In addition, an effectiveness evaluation of nearby seas of oil stations was conducted to obtain a better path compared to the original offshore oil station location setting, thereby facilitating future pipeline layout selection. The simulation results show that the multi-objective ACO is superior to the ACO, and with iteration, the optimal path of submarine pipeline layout can be found.

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