在全球都市化的發展趨勢下，位於都市的科技園區比例很高，園區的表現也相當優異。在台灣，台北內湖科技園區的企業收入，就高於世界知名的新竹科學園區。然而，針對都市型科技園區進行研究的論文並不多。過去科技園區的研究大多是在特定的時間和空間條件下進行的，缺乏縱向研究來探討競爭優勢和動態趨勢。本研究採用都市型科技園區的長期調查資料，分析其特點和競爭優勢，並與都市發展統計數據進行比較，提出都市型科技園區發展策略。
本研究回顧了科技園區、產業集群、創新體系、競爭優勢的相關文獻，提出了五面向的研究模型來討論都市型科技園區的競爭優勢和動態趨勢。研究對象是台北市的內湖科技園和南港軟體園區兩個科技園區，以2003年至2019年的企業調查和統計資料進行比較研究。結果發現，都市具有大學家數多、勞動力素質高、國際化程度高、容易連結全球市場等特性。在此背景下，都市型科技園區具有高比例的全球公司，自行研發比例高，外國員工多，基礎建設和生活功能良好，政府也願意增進基礎建設、補助研發和開拓全球市場，因此科技園區的企業收入和員工成長率高。然而，公營或私營的科技園區，會因為重點產業的不同、土地面積的大小、基礎建設資源的多寡、研發補助的有無，以及政府機關的重視程度，而有不同的競爭優勢。
在都市科技園區的不同發展階段，吸引企業進駐的原因不同，其競爭優勢也會改變。發展初期的優勢包括低廉的地價、便捷的交通、具有產業群聚效果和未來擴充性；到了成熟期上述優勢消失，取代的是良好的基礎建設和生活機能。進一步從經濟、科技、社會、環境和政治等面向來分析都市科技園區的動態趨勢，可以發現企業收入呈現增長的趨勢，金融保險業進駐的家數也成長，可以提供園區企業更多金融服務。企業自行研發的比例下降，但是與學研單位合作研發的比例增加。科技園區員工人數增加帶動周邊區域人口的成長，但都市勞動力不足需要由鄰近城市補充。地價上漲與空間不足降低新公司進駐意願，交通壅塞問題也愈趨嚴重。
本文根據科技園區發展趨勢所面臨的問題，然後結合資訊政策和都市發展方向，運用科技園區的競爭優勢提出了五項發展策略，包括規劃科技園區未來的發展性，應用資通訊科技來打造智慧科技園區，創建永續發展的科技園區生態系統，整合政府和社會大眾對科技園區發展的共識，以及尋找COVID-19疫情後的產業發展機會和布局全球市場。在台北市科技園區現有資通訊產業和生物科技產業的優良基礎下，虛擬實境和元宇宙等零接觸產業，以及智慧醫療和精準健康產業，將成為未來的明星產業。

Under the development trend of global urbanization, the proportion of science and technology parks (STPs) in urban is very high, and the performance is also quite excellent. In Taiwan, the total enterprise revenue in Taipei Neihu Technology Park is higher than that of the world-famous Hsinchu Science Park. However, there are little researches specifically on urban STPs, and most studies on STPs are conducted under specific time and space conditions. There is a lack of longitudinal researches to analyze competitive advantages and dynamic trends. This research uses the long-term survey data of urban STPs to understand the characteristics and competitive advantages and compares with the statistics of urban development, then proposes strategies of urban STPs.
This research reviews the relevant literature on STPs, industry clusters, innovation systems, and competitive advantages and proposes a five-aspect research model to discuss competitive advantages and dynamic trends of urban STPs. Two STPs in Taipei City of Taiwan, Neihu Technology Park, and Nankang Software Park, are studied with the survey results and statistic data from 2003 to 2019 by the comparative method. It is showed that urban has the characteristics of many universities, high-quality human resources, a high degree of globalization, and easy access to the global market. Under the context, the urban STP has a high proportion of global companies, self-R&D, many foreign employees, and good infrastructure and living functions. The governments are also willing to increase infrastructure, subsidize R&D and help companies to expand the global market. Therefore, the growth rates of STP's total enterprise revenue and employment are high. However, public or private STPs will have different competitive advantages due to the difference in key industries, the size of the land area, the number of infrastructure resources, the availability of R&D subsidies, and the importance of government agencies.
In the different stages of the life cycle of STPs, the reasons for attracting enterprises to enter are different, and the competitive advantages are also changed. The advantages in the early stage include low land prices, convenient transportation, industry cluster effects, and future scalability; in the mature stage, the above advantages disappear and replace good infrastructure and living functions. Further analysis of the dynamic trends of urban STPs from economic, technological, social, environmental, and political and multifaceted aspects, we can find that the total enterprise revenue is increasing, and the number of financial and insurance institutions has also grown, which can provide more financial services for enterprises in the STP. The proportion of enterprises' self-R&D has declined, but joint R&D with universities and research institutes has increased. The increase of employees in the STP drives the population growth in the surrounding district, but the shortage of urban labor needs to be supplemented by neighboring cities. Rising land prices and insufficient space have reduced the willingness of new companies to enter, and traffic congestion has become more and more serious.
Based on the problems faced by the dynamic trend of urban STPs, this research refers to information policies and urban development directions and proposes five development strategies using the competitive advantages of urban STPs: planning the future scalability of the STP; applying ICTs to construct a smart STP; creating an STP ecosystem with sustainable development; integrating STP development consensus of STP enterprises, governments, and the social public; and looking for STP industry opportunities of the post-COVID-19 pandemic and Deploying Global Market. With the excellent foundation of the ICT industry and biotechnology industry in Taipei STPs, the zero-touch industry such as VR and metaverse, and the smart medical and precision health industry, will become star industries in the future.

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