由於城市化和工業化的迅速發展，水污染已成為全世界的嚴重問題。不同行業所釋放的廢水中含有有毒且無法降解的有機污染物，例如染料，酚和相關的衍生物。因此，將工業廢水排放到環境中之前必須對其進行處理。光催化技術具有操作簡便，環境安全，節能高效等優點，是近年來在環境修復方面具有廣闊前景的技術。在這項研究中，使用光催化法來去除廢水中有的機污染物。
首先，在90 °C的溫度下使用化學沉澱法合成了新型的Mg-Zn(O,S)奈米顆粒，並對其進行了不同的表面特徵分析。在乙醇、Na2SO3、EDTA和甲酸中使用Mg-Zn(O,S)奈米顆粒可提高4-硝基苯酚的光催化還原效率。其中，在Na2SO3中並通過紫外光照射下，Mg-Zn(O,S)-2.5對4-硝基苯酚的光催化還原比純Zn(O,S) 具有更高的光催化還原效率。在45分鐘內，96.7 %的4-硝基苯酚離子被還原為4-氨基苯酚。同時測試了Mg-Zn(O,S)-2.5的析氫性能，其中不含4-NP的樣品的析出速率為1035 μmol/ g，加入4-NP的樣品的析出速率為705 μmol/ g。為了理解涉及電子和空穴的動力學，提出了可能的反應機理。
在第二步驟中，通過在室溫下的化學沉澱法並進行煅燒製備出環保，化學惰性且具有成本效益的10 nm MgO/TiO2納米複合材料。並以不同的技術來分析其光學性質。本步驟使用可見光代替紫外線輻射測試了MgO/TiO2光催化劑對亞甲基藍（MB）染料的降解。以30 wt%的Mg前驅物製備的MgO/TiO2-30在120分鐘內達到了99.7 %的光降解效率，並研究煅燒溫度對催化劑催化活性的影響。MgO/TiO2-30的速率常數是P25-TiO2的4倍。由於將MgO摻入10 nm尺寸的TiO2中形成MgO/TiO2界面，因此MgO/TiO2具有出色的光催化活性。本研究提出了化學計量/非化學計量的氧化物界面以更好地進行電荷傳輸的概念。
在第三步驟中，通過一種簡便的方法製備了通用，高效且新穎的Bi2(O,S)3 / Mo(O,S)2奈米複合光催化劑，並分析其結構，形貌，組成和光學性質。通過不同種類染料的光降解評價了催化劑的光催化性能，結果顯示20 % Bi-MoOS納米複合材料對所有染料均具有優異的光降解活性。分別在180分鐘，40分鐘，20分鐘和25分鐘的可見光照射後去除了96.0 %的MO，96.6 %的RhB，98.8 %的MB和91.3 %的NR染料。奈米複合材料的出色的光催化活性是由於二元異質結構誘導的光生電荷載體的有效分離和傳輸。活性物種捕獲實驗研究顯示˙OH、O_2^(.-)和h+皆參與了染料降解的反應。

Due to the rapid growth of urbanization and industrialization water contamination is become a serious problem all over the world. Wastewater released from different industries contains toxic and non-biodegradable organic pollutants such as dyes, phenols, and their derivatives. Therefore, industrial effluent contains these organic pollutants that have to be treated before discharge to the environment. Photocatalysis is the recent technology with broad application prospects for environmental remediation due to its advantages of simple operation, environmental safety, energy-saving, and high efficiency. In this research work, the removal of organic contaminants from wastewater has been investigated using the photocatalytic method.
In the first work, novel Mg-doped Zn(O,S) nanoparticles were synthesized by a chemical precipitation process at 90 ℃ and the as-prepared nanoparticles were characterized by different techniques. The effective hole scavenger that improves the photocatalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol using Mg-doped Zn(O,S) nanoparticle was selected from ethanol, Na2SO3, EDTA, and formic acid. The photocatalytic reduction for the 4-nitrophenol using Na2SO3 under UV light irradiation showed that Mg–Zn(O,S)-2.5 exhibited higher activity compared with pure Zn(O,S). 96.7% of 4-nitrophenolate ion reduced into 4-aminophenol within 45 min. Mg–Zn(O,S)-2.5 was also tested for hydrogen evolution, where the rates of 1035 μmol/g for the 4-NP-free sample and 705 μmol/g for the 4-NP-added one were achieved. The possible reaction mechanism was proposed to understand the kinetics involving electrons and holes.
In the second work, environmentally friendly, chemically inert, and cost-effective 10 nm-sized MgO/TiO2 nanocomposites were prepared by a chemical precipitation method at room temperature and followed by calcination. The structural and optical properties of photocatalyst were characterized by different techniques. The MgO/TiO2 photocatalysts were tested for the degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye using visible light instead of UV irradiation. The highest photodegradation efficiency of 99.7% was achieved by MgO/TiO2-30 with a 30wt% Mg precursor within 120 min. The effect of calcination temperature on the catalytic activity of the catalyst was also investigated. The rate constant of MgO/TiO2-30 was 4 times greater than that of pure P25-TiO2. The excellent photocatalytic activity of MgO/TiO2 arises because of the incorporation of MgO to the 10 nm-sized TiO2 to form the MgO/TiO2 interface. A concept of the stoichiometric/nonstoichiometric oxide interface for better charge transport is proposed.
In the third work, universal, highly efficient, and novel Bi2(O,S)3/Mo(O,S)2 nanocomposite photocatalyst was fabricated by a facile method and the crystal structure, morphology, composition, and optical properties of the as-prepared catalysts were characterized in details. The photocatalytic performance of the catalysts was evaluated by the photodegradation of different kinds of dyes, the results showed that 20% Bi-MoOS nanocomposite had excellent photodegradation activity towards all dyes. 96.0% of MO, 96.6% of RhB, 98.8% of MB and 91.3% of NR dyes were removed after 180 min, 40 min, 20 min, and 25 min visible light irradiation, respectively. The excellent photocatalytic activity of the nanocomposites was due to the efficient separation and transport of photogenerated charge carriers induced by the fabricated binary heterostructures. The active species capture experiment study showed that,˙OH, O_2^(.-) and h+ all took parts in the degradation of dyes.

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