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研究生: 張睿哲
Rui-zhe Zhang
論文名稱: 應用類神經網路於群體互動之協合過濾式群體推薦系統
A Group Recommender System based on Neural Network Collaborative Filtering Algorithm
指導教授: 陳建中
Jiann-jone Chen
口試委員: 張意政
I-cheng Chang
張峰誠
Feng-cheng Chang
陳永昌
Yung-chang Chen
鮑興國
Hsing-kuo Pao
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電資學院 - 電機工程系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年: 2011
畢業學年度: 99
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 53
中文關鍵詞: 推薦系統社群網路類神經網路
外文關鍵詞: recommender system, social network, neural network
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  • 在推薦系統(recommender system)相關的研究領域中,目前大多以針對個人喜好進行推薦為主。主要作法為記錄個人在系統中的行為模式,待下一次使用者(user)使用系統時以使用者的歷史喜好或興趣進行推薦。然而日常生活中許多消費行為或休閒活動皆非一人單獨進行,大多會與親朋好友成群結伴,以群體(group)的形式進行活動,例如看電影、旅遊或用餐等群體活動,個人化群體推薦系統因此無法滿足諸如此類的應用情境。過去在群體推薦系統中慣用的方法是將群體中成員對物件的喜好進行合併,成為群體對物件的評比,這樣的作法忽略了群體中成員的人格特質與成員間的互動模式,因此產生的評比結果將無法反映群體對物件的實際喜好。本文提出的類神經網路為訓練基礎的群體推薦系統,是以群體中個別成員對物件的評比以及群體對物件的評比,進行神經網路中權重的訓練,來模擬群體成員間的相互影響現象,若缺少個人評比的情況之下則使用傳統的協合過濾式演算法對個人評比做預測,藉以彌補個人評比不足的問題。實驗評估本系統可以準確地預測群體對物件的評比,且在訓練過程中,選擇適當的學習速率將有利於訓練權重值的精確度。群體推薦系統與個人化推薦系統不同的地方在於可以較人性化的滿足每位使用者從事活動時的需求,考量每位使用者的感受,這是一般個人化推薦系統較無法達成的功能。


    In the research field of Recommender System, the personalized recommender system has always been regarded as the main trend. The main operation is to record the pattern of personal behavior in the system and then the system will recommend users which program to use according to users’ preferences. However, consumer behaviors and recreational activities are not both formed by one single individual, many of which will be made by groups. For example, when relatives and friends get together to go to see movies, go travelling or having meals, the single user recommender system can’t achieve the application targets for above situations. In the past, the group recommender system intended to combine users’ preference on the same aspect to achieve different variety of measurement. However, this approach ignores individual member’s characteristics and the pattern of how each member interacts with others; such that this sort of measurement can’t truly reflect real interest on the same issue. The main target of our research is to develop a group recommender system based on neural network training algorithms. We proposed to train and get weights in the neural network and to simulate phenomena made by the interaction among groups by measuring the same issue made by each individual or the whole group. Finally, we evaluate our approach experimentally and compare it in different parameter of network. The experimental result shows that we can achieve the function of being user-friendly by algorithm in the group recommender system that can’t be achieve by algorithm in the personalized recommender system.

    摘要 I ABSTRACT II 目錄 III 圖目錄 VI 表目錄 VIII 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 研究動機與目的 1 1.2 論文架構 2 第二章 相關研究與文獻探討 3 2.1 推薦系統相關之文獻 3 2.1.1 內容導向式(Content-based Recommender System) 3 2.1.2 協合過濾式(collaborative-filtering recommender system) 6 2.1.3 混合式(Hybrid Recommender System) 7 2.1.4 群體推薦系統(Group Recommender System) 8 2.2 社會群體(SOCIAL GROUP) 9 2.3 類神經網路(NEURAL NETWORK) 10 第三章 群體互動之協合過濾式推薦系統 13 3.1 參數定義與問題描述 13 3.1.1 參數定義 13 3.1.2 問題描述 16 3.2 群體推薦方法架構 17 3.2.1 篩選適用物件 18 3.2.2 預測個人評比 20 3.3 類神經網路訓練流程 24 3.3.1 神經元架構 25 3.3.2 類神經網路架構設計 28 3.3.3 倒傳遞演算法 31 3.3.4 預測群體對物件之評比 34 第四章 實驗模擬 36 4.1 實驗資料庫 36 4.1.1 模擬電影變異數與群體成員人格特質 37 4.1.2 群體資料庫模擬 38 4.2 模擬結果分析 40 4.2.1 效能評量方法 41 4.2.2 實驗結果分析 42 第五章 結論與未來研究探討 49 5.1 結論 49 5.2 未來研究探討 50 參考文獻 51 圖目錄 圖2-1、內容導向式推薦系統架構 4 圖3-1、餘弦相似度示意圖 16 圖3-2、群體成員個別對物件皆有評比時,訓練出群體對物件的評比 17 圖3-3、缺少個人評比時先使用協合過濾法進行個人評比預測 17 圖3-4、群體推薦流程圖 18 圖3-5、利用USER-BASED協合過濾式演算法預測個人評比示意圖 20 圖3-6、鄰人群示意圖 22 圖3-7、物件關聯性 23 圖3-8、類神經網路訓練群體間互動流程圖 24 圖3-9、神經細胞架構圖 25 圖3-10、神經元結構 27 圖3-11、單極性SIGMOID函數 28 圖3-12、雙極性SIGMOID函數 28 圖3-13、類神經網路架構 29 圖3-14、群體推薦系統神經網路架構 30 圖3-15、三個成員組成的群體類神經網路架構 31 圖3-16、最陡坡降法極小值示意圖 33 圖3-17、群體 所建立之類神經網路架構 35 圖4-1、使用者對不同變異數電影決定評比的強弱勢變化 38 圖4-2、電影變異數大小對使用者強弱程度影響 40 圖4-3、學習速率及群體大小對評估值MAE的影響 43 圖4-4、學習速率及群體大小對評估值PRECISION的影響 44 圖4-5、隱藏層神經元數量及群體大小對評估值MAE的影響 45 圖4-6、隱藏層神經元數量及群體大小對評估值PRECISION的影響 46 圖4-7、群體大小對訓練時間的變化 47 表目錄 表3-1、篩選適當物件 19 表4-1、POLYLENS群組大小與群組數量之分配表 36 表4-2、使用者強弱勢範例 38 表4-3、計算群體對電影評比範例 39 表4-4、以LEARNING RATE為控制變數,MAE評估的模擬結果 42 表4-5、以LEARNING RATE為控制變數,PRECISION評估的模擬結果 43 表4-6、以HIDDEN CELL NUMBER為控制變數,MAE評估的模擬結果 44 表4-7、以HIDDEN CELL NUMBER為控制變數,PRECISION評估的模擬結果 46 表4-8、學習速率對訓練時間的影響(單位:MILLISECOND) 47

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