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研究生： 劉家和
Chia-He Liu
論文名稱： 質子交換膜燃料電池系統控制
Control of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Systems
指導教授： 周宜雄
Yi-Shyong Chou
口試委員: 陳榮輝
Jung-Hui Chen
錢義隆
I-Lung Chien
王逢盛
none
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工程學院 - 化學工程系
Department of Chemical Engineering
論文出版年： 2005
畢業學年度： 93
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 121
中文關鍵詞： 燃料電池 、控制 、質子交換膜燃料電池
外文關鍵詞： Control, Fuel Cell, PEMFC
相關次數： 點閱：284  下載：2 
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  •  上一筆

    • 近幾年來，燃料電池已經廣泛運用在許多領域，如電池、發電場、汽機車動力…等。由於學術研究的目的不同，所以燃料電池的數學模式建立也因研究目的不同而有所發展。為了探討燃料電池內部機構與流場設計，所以此部份的研究大多以非線性的偏微分方程式出發，藉此瞭解單一個燃料電池的質傳、熱傳與電化學反應方面的行為，藉由嚴謹的數學模式可以深入瞭解內部輸送現象。但是大量的運算成本且冗長的計算結果往往造成動態分析上的困難。除利用快速且有效的數值方法加以輔助外，也應透過適度簡化而適宜可靠的數學模式，來探討系統整合及控制系統設計的問題。本論文採用文獻所中所建立的數學模式，以經驗式及半經驗式建構系統的數學模式，從鉅觀的角度來瞭解燃料電池組在操作方面的問題。期望透過動態的模擬，可以提供對於燃料電池組實體的設計與改善有良好的建議。氧氣枯竭現象的發生，將對於系統的高分子薄膜造成嚴重的損傷，因此在本論文中我們將著重在於如何藉由控制架構的設計來避免氧氣枯竭現象的發生，透過建立有效的控制架構，以期避免此一影響系統甚鉅的現象發生。

    Abstract
    In recent years, the fuel cell has been used widely in many fields such as battery, power plant, the power of motors . Because of the academic research difference, the mathematical model of fuel cell has been developed gently. Most of the research are based on non-linear parial differential equation for studying the inner mechanizer of fuel cell and the flow field design and we could realize simply and deeply about the inner transfer phenomena (mass transfer, heat transfer and the elechemistry reaction behavior of a fuel cell )by a rigorous mathematical model. But the bulk calculating costs and the verbose results cause the difficulty of the dynamic analysis. Not only using the fast and efficiency mathematical method but also the over-simply and realizable math mode to support the studying of the system integration & the problem of control system design.Here,we will take the mathematical eauations from the previous papers.We will not only try to realize some operating problems of the fuel cell stack from macroscopic view base on semi-emperical & empirical equations,but also offering some good suggestions to the stack design via the system dynamic simulations.Oxygen starvation phenomena will seriously damage the polymer membrane of the system.In this paper,we will focus on how to prevent the oxygen starvation occurs by designing the control structure.We hope the serious phenomena would not happen in our system by developing efficiency control structure.

    目 錄 中文摘要 i 英文摘要 ii 誌謝 iii 目錄 iv 圖表索引 vii 第一章 緒論 1-1 能源問題 1 1-2 清潔程序 2 1-3 燃料電池 3 1-3.1 燃料電池發展歷史 3 1-3.2 燃料電池分類 4 1-3.3 燃料電池作動原理 8 1-4 研究動機 9 1-5 論文章節組識安排 10 第二章 質子交換膜燃料電池系統 2-1 前言 11 2-2 質子交換膜燃料電池介紹 11 2-2.1 流場板 13 2-2.2 擴散層 14 2-2.3 觸媒層 15 2-2.4 高分子薄膜 16 2-3 燃料電池組運作系統介紹 17 2-3.1 壓縮機 18 2-3.2 增濕器 18 2-3.3 冷卻器 18 2-3.4 高壓氫氣鋼瓶 19 2-3.5 燃料電池組核心部份 19 2-4 質子交換膜燃料電池系統操作問題 20 2-4.1 極化曲線與過電位 21 2-4.2 氧氣過量比問題 25 2-4.3 高分子薄膜潤濕問題 26 2-4.4 氧氣枯竭問題 27 2-5 結論 28 第三章 數學模式的建立 3-1 前言 29 3-2 數學模式之假設 30 3-3 統御方程式 31 3-3-1 陰極端 33 3-3.2 陽極端 36 3-3.3 高分子薄膜 38 3-3.4 壓縮機 41 3-3.5 連接壓縮機與陰極的輸送管線 44 3-3.6 冷卻器 46 3-3.7 增濕器 47 3-3.8 連接外界與陰極的輸送管線 48 3-4 極化曲線數學經驗式 50 3-4.1 活化過電位經驗式 51 3-4.2 歐姆過電位經驗式 52 3-4.3 濃度過電位經驗式 53 3-5 系統輸出電壓與輸出功率計算 53 3-5.1 燃料電池組輸出電壓 53 3-5.2 燃料電池組輸出功率 54 3-6 結論 54 第四章 質子交換膜燃料電池系統控制問題 4-1 前言 55 4-2 操作問題的改善 55 4-2.1 極化問題的改善 56 4-2.2 氧氣過量比問題的改善 56 4-2.3 薄膜潤濕問題的改善 57 4-2.4 氧氣枯竭問題的改善 58 4-3 文獻回顧 59 4-4 燃料電池組控制問題 59 4-4.1 溫度與壓力控制問題 60 4-4.2 水管理控制問題 62 4-4.3 氧氣過量比控制問題 63 4-4.4 氧氣枯竭控制問題 63 4-5 結論 64 第五章 氧氣枯竭問題解決與控制 5-1 前言 65 5-2 先前的研究 66 5-2.1 模式判別 67 5-2.2 前饋控制器 68 5-2.3 回饋控制器 71 5-3 解決方案一 72 5-3.1 前饋與回饋控制器外加數位濾波器 74 5-3.2 前饋與回饋控制器外加線性函數濾波器 77 5-3.3 前饋與回饋控制器外加超越函數濾波器 79 5-3.4 前饋與回饋控制器外加負載管理 83 5-4 解決方案二 90 5-4.1 回饋控制器參數調諧 91 5-4.2 超越函數負載管理 92 5-4.3 回饋控制器外加超越函數負載管理 93 5-5 比較不同的解決方案 101 5-6 結論 103 第六章 總結與未來展望 6-1 總結 104 6-2 未來展望 105 符號說明 106 參考文獻 110 附錄A 控制器參數調諧方法 115 附錄B 系統開環測試 115

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