簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 藍凱威
Kai-Wei Lan
論文名稱: 以系統晶片發展具雙臂互動策略之人型機器人運動控制
Motion Control of Humanoid Robot with Interactive Strategy of Dual Arms by Using a SOPC System
指導教授: 黃緒哲
Shiuh-Jer Huang
口試委員: 黃安橋
An-Chyau Huang
陽毅平
Yee-Pien Yang
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工程學院 - 機械工程系
Department of Mechanical Engineering
論文出版年: 2008
畢業學年度: 96
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 67
中文關鍵詞: 系統晶片雙臂互動人型機器人運動控制
外文關鍵詞: SOPC, interaction of dual arms, humanoid robot, motion control
相關次數: 點閱:349下載:9
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 本文主要應用SOPC技術研發具雙臂互動策略之人型機器人運動控制系統,在此系統的控制晶片內可概分為兩部分,第一部分是在晶片內以數位硬體電路實現訊號擷取與輸出控制訊號之功能,其中包含光學編碼器信號偵測、四倍頻解碼電路、極限開關訊號偵測與脈波寬度調變信號輸出等。第二部分則是在Nios II微處理器內以軟體方式實現控制動作,其功能有運動學之計算、空間中點對點運動控制、連續運動軌跡計算、雙臂互動策略之運動控制與模糊滑動模式控制器等。系統晶片採用美商ALTERA公司生產的Stratix II EP2S60F672C3N現場可程式邏輯閘陣列(FPGA),在系統晶片內之硬體部分使用Verilog HDL撰寫;軟體部分則使用C程式語言撰寫。最後,本論文整合了Nios II發展版、雙臂機器人和直流馬達驅動電路等,對各軸之步階響應、空間中多軸同動之點對點軌跡規劃及雙臂互動策略進行一連串的實驗,經由實驗結果可驗證本文所設計的系統晶片之有效性與正確性。


    A motion control for the interactive strategy of dual arms robotic system using SOPC technology is presented in this thesis. In the proposed strategy of motion control, it can be divided into two parts. One is implemented by hardware circuit. It includes quadrature encoder pulse process, limit switches detect, and pulse width modulation generators. The other is implemented by software using Nios II micro processor. Its functions are kinematics of dual arms robot, point to point motion control, continuous motion trajectory calculates, motion control of interactive strategy of dual arms, and fuzzy sliding mode control. The FPGA chip adopts ALTERA Stratix II EP2S60F672C3N as the development board. The digital hardware circuits are designed by Verilog HDL and programs in Nios II micro processor is coded in C language. Finally, an experimental system integrates Nios II development board, dual arms robot, and DC motor drivers. Then, this thesis executes a series of experiments, which include step response of each joint, point to point motion trajectory control, and interactive strategy of dual arms. The experimental results have been provided and demonstrated the effectiveness and correctness of the proposed dual arms robotic system.

    摘要 I Abstract II 誌謝 III 目錄 IV 圖表索引 VI 符號縮寫 IX 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 前言 1 1.2 文獻回顧 1 1.3 研究動機與目的 4 1.4 論文架構 5 第二章 系統架構 6 2.1 Nios II發展板 8 2.1.1 Nios II微處理器規劃 11 2.1.2 程式撰寫與燒錄 13 2.2 雙臂機器人 14 2.3 馬達驅動電路 15 2.3.1 脈波寬度調變電路(PWM) 16 2.4 個人電腦 17 第三章 機械手臂運動學理論分析 18 3.1 連桿座標系統與其參數 18 3.2 機械手臂運動學分析 20 3.3 機械手臂反運動學 25 3.4 梯型速度規劃 28 第四章 控制理論 34 4.1 模糊邏輯控制 35 4.2 滑動模式控制 38 4.3 模糊滑動模式控制 41 第五章 實驗結果與討論 45 5.1 模糊滑動模式控制器實驗 45 5.1.1 模糊滑動模式控制器之實現 45 5.1.2 模糊滑動模式控制器之實驗結果 47 5.2 單手對靜態目標物之抓取與擺放 55 5.3 雙手對靜態目標物抓取與擺放之互動策略 57 5.4 實驗結果討論 59 第六章 結論與未來展望 60 6.1 結論 60 6.2 未來展望 60 參考文獻 62 作者簡歷 67

    【1】 F. J. Lin, D. H. Wang, and P. K. Huang, “FPGA-based Fuzzy Sliding-mode Control for a Linear Induction Motor Drive,” Proceeding of the IEEE International Conference on Electrical Power Application, Vol. 152, No. 5, pp. 1137-1148, September 2005.
    【2】 范存堯, “永磁同步馬達位置控制之FPGA晶片研製,” 碩士論文, 國立交通大學電機工程研究所, 2004.
    【3】 Y. S. Kung, and G. S. Shu, “Development of a FPGA-based Motion Control IC for Robot Arm,” Proceeding of the IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, pp.1397-1402, 2005.
    【4】 喬執中, “力量控制於機械手臂運動之應用,” 碩士論文, 國立中央大學機械工程研究所, 2001.
    【5】 許哲誌, “關節型機械臂系統整合晶片之研製,” 碩士論文, 南台科技大學電機工程研究所, 2005.
    【6】 Tzuu-Hseng S. Li, Shih-Jie Chang, and Yi-Xiang Chen, “Implementation of Autonomous Fuzzy Garage-Parking Control by an FPGA-Based Car-Like Mobile Robot Using Infrared Sensors,” Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE International Conference on Robotics & Automation, Taipei. Taiwan, September 14-19. 2003.
    【7】 M. Okura, and K. Murase, “Artificial Evolution of FPGA that controls a Miniature Mobile Robot Khepera,” Proceedings of the Autonomous minirobots for research and edulainmente (AniiRE2003). pp. 103-111 , 2003.

    【8】 L. W. Tsai, “Robot Analysis - The Mechanics of Serial and Parallel Manipulators,” John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1999.
    【9】 C. C. Kung, and S. C. Lin, “A fuzzy-sliding mode controller design,” IEEE International Conference on Systems Engineering, pp.608–611, 17-19 Sep 1992.
    【10】 謝欣瑋, “氣壓平台之運動控制,” 碩士論文, 國立台灣科技大學機械工程技術研究, 2000.
    【11】 T.C. Chen, and J.U. Hsu, “A fuzzy sliding mode controller for induction motor position control,” IECON '94, 20th International Conference on Industrial Electronics, Control and Instrumentation, Vol. 1, pp. 44-49, 5-9 Sep 1994.
    【12】 J. N. Reed, S. J. Miles, J. Butler, M. Baldwin, and R. Noble, “Automation and Emerging Technologies: Automatic Mushroom Harvester Development,” Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research Vol. 78, Issue: 1, pp. 15-23, January, 2001.
    【13】 Kazuhiro Kosuge, Hiromu Kakuya, and Yasuhiza Hirata, “Control Algorithm of Dual Arms Mobile Robot for Cooperative Works with Human,” IEEE. 0-7803-77-2/01, pp. 3223-3228, 2001.
    【14】 ChanHun Park, YoungDong Son, DooHyung Kim, KyoungTaik Park, YoonSung Shin, and HeeSeoK Ahn, “Design and Control of Dual Arm Robot Manipulator for Precision Assembly,” International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems 2007, pp. 1140-1143, Oct. 17-20, 2007.
    【15】 Kenji INOUE, Yusuke NISHIHAMA, Tatsuo ARAI and Yasushi MAE, “Mobile Manipulation of Humanoid Robots - Body and Leg Control for Dual Arm Manipulation - ,” Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE International Conference on Robotics & Automation, pp. 2259-2264, May 2002.

    【16】 Cao Qixin, Member, IEEE, Zhang Zhen, Student, IEEE, Gu Jiajun, “A Distributed Control and Simulation System for Dual Arm Mobile Robot,” Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE International Symposium on Computational Intelligence in Robotics and Automation, pp. 450-455, June 20-23, 2007.
    【17】 Tao XIAO, Qiang HUANG, Junyao GAO, and Weimin ZHANG, “Manipulability and Stability of Pushing Operation by Humanoid Robot BHR-2,” Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics, pp. 751-756, December 15-18, 2007.
    【18】 Takefumi OSONE, Junya TATSUNO, Tomofumi NISHIDA, and Hisato KOBAYASHI, “Cooperative Motion Planning for Dual Arm Robot to Demonstrate Human Arm Movements,” Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE Int. Workshop on Robot and Human Interactive Communication, pp. 488-493, Sept. 25-27, 2002.
    【19】 ALTERA, “Altera Embedded Peripherals,” ALTERA Corporation, 2005.
    【20】 ALTERA, “Nios II Software Developer’s Handbook,” ALTERA Corporation, 2005.
    【21】 http://www.national.com/pf/LM/LMD18200.html, 2006.
    【22】 巫憲欣, “以系統晶片發展具機器視覺之機械手臂運動控制,” 碩士論文, 國立台灣科技大學機械工程系, 2006.
    【23】 Zadeh, L. A., “Fuzzy Sets,” Information and Control, Vol. 8, pp. 338-353, 1965.
    【24】 S. W. Kim, and J. J. Lee, “Design of a fuzzy controller with fuzzy sliding surface,” Fuzzy Sets and Systems, Vol.71, pp.359-367, 1995.
    【25】 R. Palm, “Sliding mode fuzzy control,” IEEE Int. Conference Fuzzy System, San Diego, CA, pp.519-526, Mar. 1992.

    【26】 L. X. Wang, “Stable adaptive fuzzy control of nonlinear systems,” IEEE Trans. Fuzzy System, vol.1, pp.146-155, 1993.
    【27】 R. Palm, “Robust control by fuzzy sliding mode,” Automatica, Vol.30, No.9, pp.1429-1437, 1994.
    【28】 S.C. Lin, and Y.Y. Chen, “Design of adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control for nonlinear system control,” in Proc. 3rd IEEE Conf. Fuzzy Syst., IEEE World congress Computat. Intell., Orlando, FL, Vol.1, pp.35-39, June 1994.
    【29】 Yager, R.R. and Filev, D. P., Essentials of fuzzy modeling and control, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1994.
    【30】 Yi, S.Y. and Chung, M.J., “Robustness of Fuzzy Logic Control for an Uncertain Dynamic System,” IEEE Trans. on Fuzzy Systems, Vol.6, No.2, May 1998.
    【31】 黃國希, “雙層振動系統之控制,” 碩士論文, 國立台灣科技大學機械工程系, 1999.
    【32】 林威成, “主動式車輛懸吊系統之控制器設計,” 碩士論文, 國立台灣科技大學機械工程系, 2000.
    【33】 謝欣瑋, “氣壓平台之運動控制,” 碩士論文, 國立台灣科技大學機械工程系, 2000.
    【34】 蔡金波, “機器人於自動化組裝之應用,” 碩士論文, 國立台灣科技大學機械工程系, 2003.
    【35】 蘇明田, “光碟機控制器之設計應用,” 碩士論文, 國立台灣科技大學機械工程系, 2004.
    【36】 王振權, “單向加熱器溫度系統之控制器設計,” 碩士論文, 國立台灣科技大學機械工程系, 2005.
    【37】 王世賢, “長行程奈米定位系統之控制器設計,” 碩士論文, 國立台灣科技大學機械工程系, 2005.
    【38】 林淑怡, “X-Y精密定位平台於彩色濾光片影像對位控制之應用,” 碩士論文, 國立台灣科技大學機械工程系, 2006.
    【39】 吳智逸, “可規劃系統晶片具立體視覺導引之機械手臂伺服控制,” 碩士論文, 國立台灣科技大學機械工程系, 2007.
    【40】 Y. B. ZHOU, R. O. BUCHAL, and R. G. FENTON, “ANALYSIS OF THE GENERAL 4R AND 5R ROBOTS USING A VECTOR ALGEBRAIC APPROACH,” Mech. Mach. Theory Vol. 30, No. 3, pp. 421-432, 1995.
    【41】 Y. B. ZHOU and F. F. XI, “EXACT KINEMATIC ANALYSIS OF THE GENERAL 5R ROBOT,” Mech. Mach. Theory Vol. 33, No. 1/2, pp. 175-184, 1998.
    【42】 Chen Zhihuang, and Chen Li, “Dynamic and Variable Structure Control for Dual-arm Space Robot to Track Desired Trajectory in Workspace,” Proceedings of the 25th Chinese Control Conference, pp. 1547-1551, 7-11 August, 2006.
    【43】 Sinan Kilicaslan, S. Kemal Ider, and M. Kemal Ozgoren, “Trajectory Tracking Control of Spatial Three-Link Flexible Manipulators,” Proceedings of the European Control Conference 2007, pp. 4358-4364, July 2-5, 2007.
    【44】 Jorge M. Martins, Alexandre N. Paris and Jos M. G. S da Costa, “Position Control of a Manipulator with One Flexible Link,” Proceedings of the European Control Conference 2007, pp. 4371-4376, July 2-5, 2007
    【45】 ALTERA, “Nios Development Board Stratix II Edition Reference Manual,” ALTERA Corporation, May 2007.
    【46】 CIC, ALTERA Training manual-FPGA Design with Quartus II, 2003.
    【47】 http://www.altera.com/, 2008.

    QR CODE