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研究生: 陳家霖
Jia-Lin Chen
論文名稱: 基於SLAM技術 和含快速道路建構之導航系統開發
Development of a SLAM based Navigation System with Highway Implementation
指導教授: 林其禹
Chyi-Yeu Lin
口試委員: 林柏廷
Po-Ting Lin
范欽雄
Chin-Shyurng Fahn
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工程學院 - 機械工程系
Department of Mechanical Engineering
論文出版年: 2019
畢業學年度: 107
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 69
中文關鍵詞: 全自主機器人導航運動RGB-D SLAMROS系統物件搜索系統
外文關鍵詞: autonomous mobile robot, navigation motion, RGB-D SLAM, ROS system, object search system
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本研究主要目的為開發出一套能使全自主機器人在室內環境能夠更快速執行導航運動的快速道路建置系統。本研究中,機器人以RGB-D SLAM為主要定位方法,運用RGB-D攝影機所取得之影像,以SURF演算法取得偵測特徵點,建置出環境中的3D模型,並作為定位的依據。本研究使用以ROS系統所編寫的程式可進行快速簡潔的快速道路建構。在室內建構了快速道路當機器人的移動目標設定後可加速室內導航的速度,並提高導航移動中的穩定性。RGB-D SLAM 的精確度常因攝影機拍攝角度或是環境特徵多寡影響定位的穩定度。本系統設計了一個可適應定位不穩定的定位優化方法,可有效並穩定的控制機器人移動速度。本系統的導航目標除了可在地圖中指定位置之外,也可以搭配物件搜索系統進行即時的搜尋物件導航。本論文研發之導航系統平台,除了可搭配RGB-D SLAM定位技術之外,也可搭配其他例如Lidar SLAM、RGB SLAM、甚至是以深度學習為基礎的定位方法。


The main purpose of this research is to develop a highway implementation to be used in navigation system that enables autonomous mobile robot to perform navigation task more quickly in indoor environments. In this research, the robot uses RGB-D SLAM as the main localization method. The image acquired by the RGB-D camera is used to obtain the detection feature points by the SURF algorithm and establish the 3D model of the work environment. This research develops a ROS-compatible program for fast and simple highway construction and implementation. When the robot's moving target is set, the highway system is used to accelerate the speed of indoor navigation and improve the stability to navigation movement. The accuracy of RGB-D SLAM often affects the stability of localization due to camera angle or environmental feature. The system design with a localization optimization method that can adapt to unstable localization, which can effectively and stably control the speed of the robot. In addition to specifying the location in the map, the navigation target can also be used with the object search system for instant object-searching navigation. The navigation system developed in this research, in addition to RGB-D SLAM localization methods, can also be combined with other positioning methods such as Lidar SLAM, RGB SLAM, and localization methods based on deep learning techniques.

摘要 I Abstract II 目錄 III 圖目錄 V 表目錄 VII 第1章 緒論 1 1.1 前言 1 1.2 研究動機與目的 1 1.3 文獻回顧 2 1.3.1 SLAM 2 1.3.2 AGV 4 1.4 論文架構 5 第2章 導航系統架構與實驗設備 6 2.1 整體系統架構概述 6 2.2 感測器元件與實驗設備 7 2.2.1 深度攝影機 7 2.2.2 激光雷達 8 2.2.3 自走機器人 9 2.3 ROS機器人作業系統 15 第3章 建置導航環境和快速道路系統 17 3.1 系統介紹 17 3.2 建置導航環境地圖 18 3.2.1 RGB-D SLAM 19 3.2.2 RTAB-Map 21 3.3 建構快速道路 23 第4章 快速道路導航系統 24 4.1 系統介紹 24 4.2 基於快速道路之路徑規劃 25 4.2.1 戴克斯特拉演算法(Dijkstra’s algorithm) 27 4.2.2 系統路徑規劃 29 4.3 機器人移動決策 32 4.4 機器人定位演算法 34 4.5 配合物件搜索系統之導航 36 第5章 實驗和結果討論 37 5.1 實驗方法及實驗環境 37 5.2 建置導航環境與快速道路系統實驗結果和討論 42 5.3 快速道路導航系統實驗結果和討論 45 第6章 結論與未來展望 56 6.1 結論 56 6.2 未來展望 56 參考文獻 58

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全文公開日期 2024/08/25 (校外網路)
全文公開日期 2024/08/25 (國家圖書館:臺灣博碩士論文系統)
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