能源的耗竭問題到目前為止都還是人類很大的一個問題及挑戰，而微生物燃料電池則是目前其中一種具有潛力並且較為潔淨的發電方式。
3D列印製程為目前發展趨勢的熱門研究之一，是以積層製造 (Additive Manufacturing) 為主的一種技術，透過3D列印可將微生物燃料電池 (Microbial Fuel Cell) 的結構進一步縮小，此製程更加能夠節省製造時間及成本，對於實驗會快速且方便許多。使用軟微影技術 (Soft Lithography) 來製成具有微柱結構之 (Polydimethylsiloxane) PDMS材料結構容易發生表面龜裂問題，故本研究利用3D列印製程製作出樹酯母模，可直接作為燃料電池主結構。
微型燃料電池因為電極表面積非常小導致電力輸出不佳，在電極表面積接觸面積非常小之狀況下，電極材料的高導電率、高表面積、無腐蝕性等等性質就顯得相當重要。本研究對碳布電極使用碳奈米管/石墨烯分散液做塗佈 (Coating) 改質，得到最大電流密度1.652 A/m2及3.349 A/m2以及最大功率密度130.298 mW/m2及338.437 mW/m2。分別對未改質碳布最大電流密度提昇了25.9%及155.3%，和最大功率密度提昇了50.7%及291.6%。

So far, energy depletion has been a serious issue and challenge for human beings. And power generation using microbial fuel cells is one of the power generation methods currently available which are clean and with potential

Using 3D printing in manufacturing is now one of the hot topics for research. This technology is mainly based on additive manufacturing. Through 3D printing, the structure of microbial fuel cells can be further reduced. This process helps to save time and money. With this technology, experiments can be conducted in a more convenient manner with less time required. When applying the soft lithography technology to produce Polydimethylsiloxane materials with the micro-pillar structure, the issue of surface cracking is very common. Thus, this study produced the resin mode using the 3D printing technology, which can then be used as the main structure of fuel cells.

Due to the very small surface area of the electrodes of micro fuel cells, the output power is quite low. When the surface area of the electrodes is very small, high electric conductivity, large surface area, and incorrosiveness of the material of the electrodes are very important. This study used CNT/graphene oxide dispersion solution for coating modification for the carbon cloth electrodes. The achieved maximum current densities were 1.652 A/m2 and 3.349 A/m2, which were 25.9% and 155.3% higher than those with the carbon cloth electrodes without modification, respectively. And the maximum power densities were 130.298 mW/m2 and 338.437 mW/m2, which were 50.7% and 291.6% higher than those with the carbon cloth electrodes without modification, respectively.

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