建築雨水利用之降雨分區與節水潛力評估研究｜國立臺灣科技大學博碩士論文系統

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研究生：	廖明誠 Ming-cheng Liao
論文名稱：	建築雨水利用之降雨分區與節水潛力評估研究 Regional rainfall level zoning and an evaluation indicator of rainwater harvesting systems in northern Taiwan
指導教授：	鄭政利 Cheng-li Cheng
口試委員:	江維華 Wei-Hwa Chiang 林慶元 Ching-Yuan Lin 施宣光 Shen-Guan Shih 詹肇裕 Zhao-yu Jan 黃志弘 Chih-hung Huang
學位類別：	博士 Doctor
系所名稱：	設計學院 - 建築系 Department of Architecture
論文出版年：	2009
畢業學年度：	97
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	146
中文關鍵詞：	建築雨水利用、降雨分區、集群分析、雨水利用評估指標、主成分分析
外文關鍵詞：	Rainwater harvesting system, Regional rainfall level zoning, Cluster analysis, Rainwater utilization indicator, Principal component analysis
相關次數：	點閱：474 下載：9
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雨水貯集利用系統已是廣為採用解決缺水問題的途徑之一。本研究之主要目的在於採用雨水利用分區與雨水利用評估指標系統的方法，來建構一套有效的雨水貯集利用管理架構。首先，本研究採用兩階段法，以降雨型態與空間連續性為評判依據，建立一套雨水利用分區系統，以「面」的觀念取代過往「點」的觀念，將具有類似降雨型態的區域劃為同一分區，取代單獨點分布的雨量站概念，以解決過往雨量資料取樣的問題，此分區系統將可成為建構區域降雨類型基準的重要依據。其次，本研究藉由主成分分析，萃取出具代表性的變數以及其權重，建構一套雨水利用評估指標系統，並獲得一個指標計算式，而從指標計算式所獲得的得分中，呈現出不同雨水利用系統間之潛力差異，並藉由此得分與長期省水率模擬比對，建立效能預測式；經由本系統，設計者可依據得分審視系統設計，調整設計參數至系統最佳化；後續應依照所建立之雨水評估指標系統，針對各區之獨特的降雨特性進行探討，依據其潛力做最適當的設計與規範，使雨水貯集系統獲得最妥善的利用，發揮最大之效能。

Rainwater harvesting systems had been widely accepted as solutions to alleviate the problems of water shortages. The main objective of this study is to construct an effective management framework of rainwater harvesting systems by means of regional rainfall level zoning and an evaluation indicator. First, a rainfall station system based on a point concept was converted to one based on a spatial concept in order to cope with the problems of rainfall data. A two-step cluster analysis was used to classify the sample area into several regions in accordance with rainfall level characteristics and spatial continuity. This rainfall zoning system would contribute to the standardized regional precipitation database for the rainwater harvesting application. Second, a rainwater utilization indicator system was established to extract representative variables and weights, as well as develop a formula for an indicator. Then, acquired scores will show the potentials for discrepancies between different rainwater harvesting systems. This study had also compared the scores and long-term simulated water-savings percentages and constructed an effectiveness evaluation formula for rainwater harvesting systems. Through this indicator system, designers can review the system’s design to adjust the parameters for the optimal system. The proposed rainwater indicator system should be used for reviewing proposals and according to the potential, an optimal design and regulations can be chosen for the most suitable utilization and peak effectiveness of a rainwater harvesting system.

Table of Content

Abstract	 Ⅰ
Abstract in Chinese (中文摘要)	 Ⅲ
Acknowledgements in Chinese (誌謝)	 Ⅴ
Table of Content	 Ⅶ
List of Figures	 Ⅸ
List of Tables	 Ⅹ
Chapter 1 Introduction	  1
Chapter 2 Methodology	  5
  2.1 Sample area	  7
  2.2 Rainfall data	  9
  2.3 Cluster analysis and test	  9
  2.4 Principal component analysis	 13
  2.5 Potable water savings	 15
Chapter 3 Cluster analysis in accordance with rainfall level	 19
  3.1 Initial rainfall level analysis	 19
  3.2 Optimum number of clusters	 21
  3.3 Results of cluster analysis	 23
  3.4 Test of cluster results	 26
  3.5 Analysis of potable water savings	 27
Chapter 4 Principal component analysis of rainwater harvesting systems	 29
  4.1 Variable selection and standardized	 29
  4.2 Principal components and scores	 30
  4.3 KMO test and Bartlett’s test	 32
  4.4 Predictions of portable water savings	 33
  4.5 Potentials of portable water savings	 36
Chapter 5 Conclusions	 39
References	 42

Appendix-Ⅰ 建築雨水利用之降雨分區與節水潛力評估研究(中文版)  47
Appendix-Ⅱ 本論文所採用雨量觀測站詳細資料	 95
Appendix-Ⅲ 本論文SPSS軟體分析之操作解說	 99
Appendix-Ⅳ List of publication and research	 113
Appendix-Ⅴ Submissions of journal	 119
1. Cheng CL, Liao MC. Regional rainfall level zoning for rainwater harvesting systems in northern Taiwan. Resources Conservation & Recycling 2009;53:421-428.
2. Cheng CL, Liao MC. An evaluation indicator of rainwater harvesting systems in northern Taiwan. Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering 2009;8(1):229-236.
3. Cheng CL, Liao MC, Lee MC. A quantitative evaluation method for rainwater use guideline. Building Services Engineering Research & Technology 2006;27(3):209-218.
作者簡介

List of Figures

Fig. 1. Research flow chart.	6
Fig. 2. Map of Taiwan and the sample area.	8
Fig. 3. Average monthly precipitation in northern Taiwan.	8
Fig. 4. Spatial distribution of average annual precipitation in northern Taiwan	20
Fig. 5. Spatial distribution of rainfall probability in northern Taiwan.	20
Fig. 6. Dendrogram of hierarchical cluster.	22
Fig. 7. Results of cluster analysis in accordance with rainfall level.	24
Fig. 8. Correlation between water-savings percentage and score of rainwater utilization indicator.	34
Fig. 9. Correlation between water-savings percentage and score of rainwater utilization indicator.	35
Fig. 10. Potential zoning of rainwater harvesting systems. 	36
Fig. 11. Clustering analysis on score of rainwater utilization indicator	37

List of Tables

Table 1 Iteration history of cluster analysis.	25
Table 2 Range of average annual precipitation and rainfall probability.	25
Table 3 ANOVA test table of classification (5 clusters, partly).	27
Table 4 Probability of accuracy on results of cluster analysis.	27
Table 5 Range of potable water savings in each cluster.	28
Table 6 Total variance explained in principal component analysis.	31
Table 7 Variables and scores of rainwater utilization indicator.	32
Table 8 Results of KMO test and Bartlett’s test.	33

                                

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