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研究生: 林子鑌
Tsu-pin Lin
論文名稱: 應用PID控制、模糊邏輯控制和模型預測控制實現RRR平面並聯式機構之定位控制
Position Control of an RRR Planar Parallel Mechanism Using PID, Fuzzy Logic and Model Predictive Controls
指導教授: 郭永麟
Yong-Lin Kuo
口試委員: 郭鴻飛
Hung-Fei Kuo
彭盛裕
Sheng-Yu Peng
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工程學院 - 自動化及控制研究所
Graduate Institute of Automation and Control
論文出版年: 2013
畢業學年度: 101
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 133
中文關鍵詞: PID模糊邏輯控制模型預測控制RRR平面並聯式機構
外文關鍵詞: PID, Fuzzy Logic, Model Predictive, RRR Planar P
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  • 本文藉由已發展成熟的各種理論,應用於RRR平面並聯式機構的位置控制與運動學分析。首先我們會對RRR平面並聯式機構做反向運動學、正向運動學和最大工作範圍的分析,還有直流馬達的PWM驅動、角度感測、系統識別以及PID、FLC、MPC控制理論。
    進而建構出RRR平面並聯式機構之實驗平台,此機構由三顆直流馬達驅動,利用LABVIEW搭配CompactRIO、驅動模組NI-9505、PWM驅動及角度感測來做位置控制,還利用運動學和系統識別建構模擬運動狀態程式。
    最後利用PID控制、模糊邏輯控制(FLC)、模型預測控制(MPC)三種控制理論,加入系統對三顆馬達做模擬、無接連桿及有接連桿三種狀態之角度控制,並各附上兩組實驗數據;先比較三顆馬達分別在三種狀態下的差異,包括角度與位置,接著分別在三種狀態下比較PID、FLC、MPC三種控制理論的效能。
    針對RRR平面並聯式機構,本文於文末列舉出了幾項尚需改善的問題與未來發展之建議,本文詳細的分析與整理可最為未來深入研究的基礎。


    This thesis investigated the position control of an RRR planar parallel mechanism. First, the inverse kinematics, the direct kinematics and the maximum workspace of the mechanism were analyzed. The PWM drive, the sensing of angular position, and the system identification of the DC motor were implemented. Three control theories, the PID control, the fuzzy logic control (FLC), and the model predictive control (MPC) were further studied.
    Secondly, an experimental RRR planar parallel mechanism was constructed. The mechanism is driven by three DC motors, and the position control of each motor is implemented by software LabView, an embedded hardware CompactRio, a driving module NI-9505, and an angle sensor. The motion simulation of the mechanism is based on the kinematics and the system identification.
    Thirdly, the PID control, the FLC and the MPC are implemented to complete the position control of the mechanism. Two examples are demonstrated, and each example performs three cases, numerical simulations, experimental results without connecting links, and experimental results with connecting links. These results show the differences of the rotating angles of the motors and the configurations of the mechanism. The results are also compared.
    Finally, this thesis enumerates several issues which can be improved in the future researches. Besides, this thesis provided the detailed analysis and sorting which can be used as the basis for future in-depth research.

    摘要I AbstractII 目錄III 圖表索引VII 第一章緒論1 1.1.前言1 1.2.文獻探討2 1.3.研究動機3 1.4.論文架構4 第二章應用理論5 2.1RRR-PPM運動學分析5 2.1.1反向運動學7 2.1.2正向運動學10 2.1.3工作範圍14 2.2直流馬達驅動與感測原理15 2.2.1脈波寬度調變16 2.2.2編碼器17 2.3系統識別19 2.3.1Least-squares Estimation19 2.3.2System Identification Model20 2.3.3Process Models21 2.4比例-積分-微分控制21 2.4.1PID控制理論21 2.4.2PID參數特性22 2.4.3PID參數調整23 2.5模糊邏輯控制24 2.5.1FLC系統架構24 2.5.2FLC模糊化25 2.5.3FLC模糊規則庫與推論引擎27 2.5.4FLC解模糊化28 2.6模型預測控制31 2.6.1MPC概念與架構31 2.6.2SISO System32 2.6.3MPC and Optimization33 2.6.4Receding Horizon36 第三章硬體架構38 3.1硬體架構說明38 3.2RRR-PPM平台介紹38 3.3控制器規格41 3.4馬達規格47 3.5電源模組規格48 3.6硬體流程說明49 第四章系統設計52 4.1設計架構52 4.2運動學53 4.3馬達驅動56 4.4系統識別58 4.5控制器設計64 4.5.1PID設計64 4.5.2FLC設計65 4.5.3MPC設計73 4.6控制軟體流程76 第五章模擬與實驗78 5.1實驗步驟78 5.2問題與解決辦法79 5.3第一組結果80 5.3.1PID82 5.3.2FLC88 5.3.3MPC94 5.4第二組結果100 5.4.1PID102 5.4.2FLC108 5.4.3MPC114 5.5討論120 5.6控制器比較122 第六章結論與建議129 6.1結論129 6.2建議129 參考文獻131

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