濾煙器(Diesel Particulate Filter, DPF) 主要功能是將柴油引擎排放廢氣中之懸浮微粒(Particulate Matter, PM) 給過濾掉, 但隨時間的增長,DPF 內部累積之PM也會越來越多, 而造成引擎效能降低及排氣背壓產生的影響, 因此為了避免這種情況發生, 必須在固定的時間點內啟動再生控制, 使得PM 能隨著溫度瞬間增加而完全燃燒。為了要預測DPF 之再生, 本論文主要是建立了氧化觸媒(Diesel Oxidation Catalytic,DOC)、DPF 以及DPF 後端PIPE 之動態模型藉由輸入排氣溫度、排氣流量、PM 濃度以及排氣噴油率來預測再生之DOC/DPF/PIPE 內部變化。在模型當中考慮PM質量、反應溫度以及壓差的變化。參數鑑別的方式則是以實驗的方式來進行, 實驗內容為引擎在不同操作點下噴油實驗、再生實驗以及累積PM 實驗, 藉由這些實驗將DOC
熱傳係數、DOC 反應速率、DPF 熱傳係數、DPF 反應速率以及DPF 滲透係數給鑑別出來, 最後再以多個引擎操作點來驗證此DOC/DPF/PIPE 之動態模型, 從結果可以發現此動態模型能實際的模擬出DOC/DPF/PIPE 之各個階段的反應過程, 並且將誤差控制在合理範圍內。

The main function of Diesel Particulate Filter(DPF) is to remove the par-
ticulate matter(PM) from Diesel engine. The accumulated particulate, however,restricts the exhaust flow through the DPF and increases the back pressure which may negatively impact fuel economy. Therefore, the particulate filter needs to be regenerated by burning off the accumulated particulate, which is achieved either passively through the use of a catalyst or by actively introducing high heat into the exhaust system. In the exhaust aftertreatment system considered in this thesis, a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) is installed upstream of the DPF to facilitate the
regeneration process. In order to combust the captured particulate in the DPF,a small amount of fuel can be injected into the exhaust ahead of the DOC when necessary. In an effort to develop model-based control strategies that completes the regeneration while satisfies the constants such as fuel consumption, temperature and regeneration period, a physics-based dynamic model of the DOC-DPF exhaust aftertreatment system is proposed in this thesis. Parameters in the model including the heat transfer coefficient, reaction constants in the DOC and DPF,and the permeability of the filter and soot are identified based on the experimental measurements. The DOC-DPF model is then validated both at steady state and during transient against experimental data measured at various engine operating conditions, PM loads and fuel injection rates.

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