鎖相迴路系統之射頻電壓控制振盪器之研究｜國立臺灣科技大學博碩士論文系統

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研究生：	王裕忠 Yu-Chung Wang
論文名稱：	鎖相迴路系統之射頻電壓控制振盪器之研究 The study of radio frequency voltage control oscillators for phase lock loop system
指導教授：	張勝良 Sheng-Lyang Jang
口試委員:	葉文昌 none 許重傑 none 張嘉男 none
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	電資學院 - 電子工程系 Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering
論文出版年：	2005
畢業學年度：	93
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	120
中文關鍵詞：	壓控震盪器
外文關鍵詞：	VCO
相關次數：	點閱：224 下載：7
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上一筆

本論文描述如何設計金氧半壓控振盪器。第一部份討論環形振盪器，其架構為雙交叉耦合對(cross-coupled pair)，採用內在共振調諧電路，具有nMOS 和pMOS 以提高負電導。此壓控振盪器由TSMC 0.35µm工作電壓3.3V，頻率1.7616GHz~2.466GHz；另ㄧ方面討論LC 壓控振盪器包含LC 交叉耦合振盪器、雙頻LC 壓控振盪器、互補考畢子壓控振盪器及互補考畢子閘極回授壓控振盪器等等。LC 壓控振盪器使用0.18µm CMOS工作電壓1.8V製程製造完成，並經由Cadence中的Spectre RF軟體模擬驗證。

Design of CMOS Voltage-Controlled Oscillator (VCO) will be investigated in this thesis. First, ring oscillator architecture is the complementary nMOS and pMOS cross-coupled pair to enhance the negative conductance with internal resonator. CMOS VCO’s are implemented using TSMC 0.35µm process with 3.3V supply voltage and frequency tuning range 1.7616GHz~2.466GHz. Otherwise, LC tank voltage control oscillator includes LC cross coupled VCO、dual band LC VCO、complementary Colpitts VCO and complementary Colpitts VCO with back gate coupling. The LC tank VCO is implemented using TSMC 0.18µm process with 1.8V supply voltage. The simulation results with Cadence Spectre RF aid the design of these VCO’s.

Abstract (in Chinese)…………………………………………………………………..I
Abstract (in English)…………………………………………………………………..II
Acknowledgement (in Chinese)………..…………………………………………… III
List of Figures…………….………..…………………………………………..…..VIII
List of Tables……………………………...…………………………..……………..XII
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION	1
CHAPTER 2 OSCILLATOR THEORY	3
1 Oscillator fundamental	3
2 Thermal noise	6
3 MOSFET thermal noise	9
4 Flicker noise	11
5 Phase noise	13
6 Varactors	19
6.1 Diode varactor…………………………………………………...	…..19
6.2 MOS varactor	………………………………………………………21
7 Voltage control oscillator	24
8 Inductor	27
8.1 Spiral inductor……….………………………………………………27
CHAPTER 3 RING OSCILLATOR THEORY	31
1 Ring oscillator architecture	31
2 A 2.4GHz quadrature ring oscillator	35
3 Measurement data of ring oscillator	40
CHAPTER 4 LC TANK OSCILLATOR THEORY	43
1 LC tank oscillator architecture	43
2 LC cross coupled oscillator theory	46
2.1 Cross coupled oscillator	……………………………………………46
2.2 Cross coupled pMOS in addition to the nMOS…	…………………..48
3 Colpitts oscillator	51
4 Design of a dual-band LC-tank VCO with the current reuse technique    made of inductors and varactors	54
4.1 Introduction	………………………………………………………54
4.2 Conventional LC tank VCO	………………………………………55
4.3 Dual-band LC VCO…..	……………………………………………..56
4.4 Experimental results and discussion…………………………….	…..57
5 A dual-band LC-tank VCO with the two stacked LC resonators made of
transform and varactors	63
5.1 Improvement of dual-band LC-tank VCO’s performance…..........…63
5.2 Introduction...	……………………………………………………..63
5.3 Dual-band LC tank VCO………………………………………..	…..64
5.4 Transformer………………………………………………….......	…..66
5.5 Experimental results and discussion…………………………….	…..68
5.6 Conclusion………………………………………………………	…..75
6 The design of low phase noise voltage controlled oscillator	76
6.1 Introduction...	………………………………………………………81
6.2 Complementary Colpitts oscillator topology	………………………..76
6.3 Experimental results……………………………………………..	…..79
6.4 Conclusion…	.………………………………………………………83
7 The design of complementary Colpitts quadrature VCO with back gate                coupling	84
7.1 Introduction……………………………………………………...	…..84
        4.7.2 Complementary Colpitts quadrature VCO..	85
7.3 Transformer...	………………………………………………………88
7.4 Experimental results……………………………………………..	…..89
7.5 Conclusion…	………………………………………………………93
CHAPTER 5 VCO DESIGN FLOW AND APPLICATION	94
1 Design procedure	94
2 Test procedure	95
3 VCO application	96
CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSION	98
References………………..	100

                                

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[9] P. Andreani and H. Sjöland, “Tail current noise suppression in RF CMOS VCO’s,” IEEE J. Solid State Circuits, Pages: 342–348, Mar. 2002.
[10] J. Maget, M. Tiebout and R. Kraus, “Influence of novel MOS varactors on the performance of a fully integrated UMTS VCO in standard 0.25µm CMOS technology,” IEEE J. Solid State Circuits, Pages: 953–958, July 2002.
[11] Z. Shu, K. L. Lee and B. H. Leung, “A 2.4-GHz ring oscillator based CMOS frequency synthesizer with a fractional divider dual PLL architecture,” IEEE J. Solid State Circuits, Pages: 452–462, Mar 2004.
[12] M. A. Do, R. Y. Zhao, K. S. Yeo and J. G. Ma, “New wide band/dual band CMOS LC voltage controlled oscillator Circuits,” IEE Proceedings, Devices and Systems, Pages: 453–458, 6 Oct. 2003.
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[15] H. Jacobsson, B. Hansson, H. Berg and S. Gevorgian, “Very low phase-noise fully-integrated coupled VCO’s,” Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits (RFIC) symposium, Pages: 467–470, 2-4 June 2002.
[16] C. Yul Cha and S. Lee, “A complementary Colpitts oscillator based on 0.35 µm CMOS technology,” Solid State Circuits conference, Proceedings of the 29th European, Pages: 691–694, 16-18 Sept. 2003.
[17] H. Jacobsson, B. Hansson, H. Berg and S. Gevorgian, “Very low phase noise fully integrated coupled VCO’s,” Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits (RFIC) symposium, Pages: 467–470, 2-4 June 2002.
[18] C. Y. Cha and S. G. Lee, “Overcome the phase noise optimization limit of differential LC oscillator with asymmetric capacitance tank structure,” Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits (RFIC) symposium, Pages: 583–586, 6-8 June 2004.
[19] F. Svelto and R. Castello, “A bond-wire inductor-MOS varactor VCO tunable from 1.8 to 2.4 GHz,” IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory and Tech., Pages: 403–407, Jan. 2002.

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