本研究旨在探討主管的性別角色特質（管理代理特質與協同幫助特質）是否對家長式領導行為中的威權領導與仁慈領導產生不同的預測效果。本研究採用問卷調查法來蒐集資料，共回收有效主管與部屬對偶資料157份。階層迴歸分析結果顯示，在控制了主管的生理性別後，主管的性別角色特質仍對家長式領導行為中的威權領導與仁慈領導具有顯著的預測效果。此外，擁有愈多管理代理特質的主管會展現愈多的威權領導行為，而擁有愈多協同幫助特質的主管則愈不會展現威權領導行為。再者，擁有愈多協同幫助特質的主管會展現愈多的仁慈領導行為。最後，本研究針對分析結果提出可能的研究限制，並建議未來研究可行的方向，以及實務上的意涵。

The purpose of the research is to explore whether supervisors’ gender role trait (agentic and communal) can predict authoritarian leadership and benevolent leadership of paternalistic leadership behaviors differently. Using questionnaire survey, we obtained 157 pairs of valid supervisor-subordinate dyadic data. The result of hierarchical regression showed that agentic and communal trait explained significant additional variance of benevolent leadership and authoritarian leadership above and beyond the supervisors’ sex. In addition, agentic supervisors showed more authoritarian leadership behaviors, whereas communal supervisors showed less authoritarian leadership behaviors. Moreover, communal supervisors showed more benevolent leadership behaviors. Finally, we discussed the possible limitations, provided suggestions for future study, and discussed the practical implications of this study.

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