隨著科技的發展迅速，數位相機成為普及化的產品，但是當中高齡使用者面對這具有強大功能且不斷推陳出新的產品時，所產生的不是一般人對於科技產品便利及美好的印象，而是挫折與困惑。其所遇到的問題主要在於：(1)對於資訊產品操作經驗不足；(2)對於數位相機圖像符號及文字描述認知差異；(3)沒有階層的概念。因此本研究之目的為以中高齡使用者之觀點探討數位相機介面架構之各項操作模式，期能透過實際任務操作、訪談及彙整相關文獻，探討中高齡心智模式與介面互動關係，並提出可直覺辨識的圖像符號設計及輔助型式。使中高齡使用者能輕鬆愉快的享受科技帶來的便利。
本研究共分兩個實驗：前測實驗以及模擬實驗。前測實驗取三款市售數位相機作為測試樣品，並邀請45歲以上有無使用數位相機經驗之受測者各10位，進行組內測試。實驗結果顯示：操作績效上 (1)使用者經驗對於操作「錄影」功能有顯著性差異，無經驗者對一個按鍵多項功能會產生混淆；(2)主標題標示之顯著性影響操作績效；(3) 圖像符號表現方式影響操作績效。而在使用者感受性上：(1) 使用者偏好觸控式介面並且認為其有較好的軟體性能；(2) 使用者偏好色彩豐富的圖像符號設計並對其有較高的學習意願。
模擬實驗以前測實驗結果及相關文獻資料為基礎，進行3(圖像符號設計) x 2 (輔助型式)雙因子混合設計。邀請40位受測者參與實驗。研究結果顯示：(1)照片式符號能提供中高齡使用者直覺性操作及給予良好的感受性；(2)圖像符號所使用的顏色對比影響受測者閱讀；(3)快捷輔助介面比一般輔助介面更能直覺性操作；(4)快捷輔助介面讓中高齡者有較好的操作績效及良好的感受性；(5)簡化階層有助於中高齡者搜尋功能選單。

As the rapid progress of advanced technology, the digital camera has become a wide spread product. Nonetheless, when facing the powerful and new camera designs, the elderly users might not be able to interact with the newly designed user interface. Possible problems could be: (1) Lack of experience in using the information product. (2) There existed cognitive discrepancy in reading the interface icons and texts on the user interface of a digital camera. (3) Lack of hierarchical concept. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore various interaction modes based on the elderly users’ perspectives pertinent to digital cameras. By means of the interaction tasks, interview, and summary from the relevant literature, the author hoped to investigate the interaction relationship between the elderly users’ metal models and the user interface of a digital camera. In addition, the interface icons and support styles that can be intuitively processed were suggested. It is hoped that the elderly users can be benefited with the pleasure and convenience that the new technology bring to us.
There are two experiments in this study, i.e., pretest and simulation test. Three representative digital cameras used as testing samples were collected from the market. Ten participants who were equipped with the digital camera experience and ten without the experience were invited to conduct the experiment which is a between-subject design. The pretest results showed that: (1) There existed significant difference in the user experience of “recording” function. Participants without the experience tended to feel confused when facing a multi-function button. (2) The obviousness of subject title might affect users’ task performance. (3) The visualization style of the graphical user interface might affect users’ task performance. In terms of the participants’ internal feelings: (1) Users tended to favor the touch sensitive screen and though that it is equipped better software functions. (2) Users tended to like the interface icons with abundant color and were willing to learn.
The simulation experiment is based on the results from the previous test and relevant literatures. A 3 (interface icon design) x 2 (support style) factorial design was conducted in the experiment. A total of 40 participants were invited to take part in the experiment. The generated results revealed that: (1) the photo icon can provide elderly users with better intuitions and internal feelings. (2) The interface icon color might affect users reading. (3) The user interface with instant support seems allow intuitive task interaction. (4) The instant support user interface enable usersto have better task performance and internal feelings. (5) The use of simple hierarchy can help the elderly users’ menu searching task.

1.Blackler, A., & Popovic, V. (2003). The nature of intuitive use of products: An experimental approach. Design Studies, 24, 491-506.
2.Cox, K & Walker, D. (1993). User interface design (2nd, ed.), Prentice Hall.
3.Guastello, S. J. & Trout, M. (1989), “Verbal versus pictorial representations of subjects in human-computer interface” Int. J. Man-Machine Studies, 31, 99-120.
4.Hawthorn, D. (2000). Designing for older users: Display quality versus task complexity. In Paris ,C.,
5.Kang, S. R., (2003), User Experience: Beyond usability, 6thADC. Tsukuba, Japan.
6.Sanders Mark S. & McCormick E. J. (1998). 吳水丕、許勝雄、彭游譯，人因工程-工程與設計之人性因素，台北。
7.Simon, H. (1983). Reason in Human Affairs, San Francisco, CA: Stanford University Press.
8.Morimoto, K., Kurokawa, T., Takemoto, K., Hori, T., Kushiro, N., & Inoue, M. (2001). Protocol Analysis on Usability of Remote Controllers of Household Appliances for Elderly People, 5th Asian Design Conference, Korea.
9.Norman, D. A. (1988). The Psychology of Everyday Things (設計心理學)，卓耀宗譯，台北：遠流出版。
10.Norman, D. A. (1995). Things That Make Us Smart (心科技)，黃賢楨譯，台北：時報出版。
11.Okada, A., 1997, Ergonomics approach in universal design, Special issue of JSSD, vol.4, No.4, pp.40-45.
12.Rasmussen, J. (1990). Mental models and the control of action in complex environments. In D. Ackerman & M. Tauber (Eds.), Mental Models and Human-Computer Interaction 1. 41-69。
13.方裕民 (2003)，人與物的對話－互動介面設計理論與實務，台北：田園城市。
14.林美珍 (1994)，智力、學習及其需求，老人教育-銀髮族之心理與適應，教育部，pp.25-43。
15.林榮泰 (2003) ，人與機器的對話-科技始終來自於人性，科學發展，368，pp.12-17。
16.胡祖武 (1993)，如何拉近設計者與使用者的產品認知差異，工業設計技術暨學術研討會論文集。
17.陳佶明(2007)，數位相機的原理構造與發展現況，彰化師大物理系暨光電科技研究所。
18.張一岑 (1997)，人因工程學，台北：楊智文化。
19.張卲彬 (2004)，數位相機產品定位與創新設計研究，大同大學工業設計研究所碩士論文。
20.黃秉堅 (2004)，2005年數位相機產業趨式與展望，金鼎證券11月產業報告。

21.雲立實、程湘君、戴善榮、吳成柯等譯 (1996)，數位影像處理，台北：儒林圖書有限公司。
22.楊基昌 (1992)，高齡者對產品操作型態及認知歷程之研究-以電視遙控器為例。國立成功大學工業設計研究所碩士論文。
23.廖哲政 (2002)，高齡化社會之產品使用性研究，雲林科技大學工業設計研究所碩士論文。
24.鉅亨網 (2005)，專題報導：2005 年全球數位相機市場成長趨緩，第69780期，取自：http://stock.yam.com/rsh/article.php/270517。下載日期2007/11/02。
25.優仕網網路問卷調查 (2006)，取自：http://survey.youthwant.com.tw。下載日期2007/11/02。