過度自信是管理者常有的個人特徵，基於高層梯隊理論，管理者的个人特徵影響到他的行為與決策，從影響到企業績效，同時也影響著企業的各項經營活動，包括避稅行為。
1998年，台灣實施兩稅合一制度，採用「全額設算扣抵制」，2015年和2018年逐步取消該制度後，增加了企業避稅的動機。
本研究以2015年至2020年台灣上市上櫃公司為研究對象，以董事長持股異動情況作為管理者過度自信的代理變數，以有效稅率作為避稅行為的代理變數，以托賓Q和ROA作為企業績效的代理變數。
探究管理者過度自信對於企業績效與避稅行為的影響，同時，在台灣稅制改革後，多數的企業都擁有較強的避稅動機的情況下，進而探究稅制改革對於管理者過度自信的企業避稅行為的影響。
本研究的主要發現如下。管理者過度自信的企業往往有著更好的企業績效，但有趣的是，過去常常被認為會激進避稅的管理者過度自信的企業卻呈現出相反的態勢，越過度自信越不會從事避稅行為。稅制改革後，企業的避稅行為有所增多，但過度自信的企業並沒有受到稅制改革的影響而改變，仍然沒有較為明顯的傾向去從事避稅。
過度自信的管理者之所以自信，是因為他們通常擁有常人所不具備的能力與知識，有著更多的方法與能力去達成績效目標，不必去從事需要承擔風險、成本複雜的避稅活動。且過度自信的管理者通常極為執著，很少受到外界的干擾而產生改變，所以即使大環境是趨於避稅的，他們也不會改變。
之前有學者指出管理層能力與企業的避稅程度呈反比，即管理能力越強，避稅程度則越低。這也從側面證明了本次研究的結果。

Overconfidence is a common personal characteristic of managers. Based on the Upper Echelons Theory, A manager's personal characteristics affect his behavior and decisions. It not only affects enterprise performance, but also affects various business activities of enterprises, including tax avoidance. In 1998, Taiwan implemented the Integrated Income Tax System, which adopted the "full dividend imputation system". The phasing out of the system in 2015 and 2018 has increased the incentive for companies to avoid tax. This study from 2015 to 2020, Taiwan listed company as the research object. The change of chairman's shareholding was taken as the proxy variable of managers' Overconfidence, ETR (Effective Tax Rate) is taken as the proxy variable of Tax Avoidance, Tobin's Q and ROA were taken as proxy variables of Firm Performance.
To explore the influence of managerial overconfidence on corporate performance and tax avoidance behavior. At the same time, after the reform of Taiwan's tax system, most enterprises have a strong incentive to avoid tax. And then explore the impact of tax reform on corporate tax avoidance behavior of overconfident managers.
The main findings of this study are as follows. Companies with overconfident managers tend to have better corporate performance. But interestingly, overconfident companies with managers who used to be thought of as aggressive tax-dodgers showed the opposite trend, the more overconfident you are, the less likely you are to engage in tax avoidance. After the tax reform, the tax avoidance behaviors of enterprises have increased, but the overconfident enterprises have not been affected by the tax reform and still have no obvious tendency to engage in tax avoidance.
Overconfident managers are confident because they often have skills and knowledge that other people don't have, with more means and ability to achieve performance goals, there is no need to engage in risky and costly tax avoidance activities. And overconfident managers tend to be so obsessive that they have little outside interference to change, so they will not change even if the environment is tax-friendly.
Previously, some scholars pointed out that the management ability is inversely proportional to the tax avoidance degree of the enterprise, that is, the stronger the management ability is, and the lower the tax avoidance degree is. It also proves the results of this study from the side.

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