定位服務 (Location Base Service, LBS) 已在現今生活中快速發展，擴展 LBS服務範圍，提供更準確的定位服務給使用者客戶是相當迫切的。

本論文研究的構想源起於使用市面上具有照相及GPS功能的手機結合LBS的定位服務，搭配現今已發展相當成熟的3D地理資訊系統 (GIS)，達成不受環境因素影響，提供精準的定位技術。

本論文以台灣科技大學 (NTUST) 操場為實驗場地，實現結合近景攝影與輔助GPS(Assisted-GPS) 定位技術，提供使用者精確位置資訊。實驗中客戶端經由GPRS模組連接網際網路，得到GPS的輔助資料與 3D GIS中影像處理的服務。

論文中的LBS流程，首先以A-GPS定位技術得到粗略的使用者位置。經由伺服器將收集的完整星曆資料傳送至行動端上的GPS完成熱開機(Hot Start)快速定位。此時得到的粗略位置能夠減少附近建築物搜索範圍，並縮短執行圖樣比對的工作量。透過粗略位置可得知附近建築物資訊，便可使用近景攝影定位技術估測使用者確切的位置。由伺服器將行動端周圍環境的影像，利用特徵匹配GIS資料庫中的建築物模型，再經過光束共線條件(Collinearity Condition)運算解出行動端的精確位置。

由實驗結果可得知，本論文開創結合 A-GPS與近景攝影新的定位技術，幫助客戶端快速達成GPS初始定位時間 (TTFT)，且更改善目前定位技術中欠缺的精準度與可靠度。

Recently Location Base Service (LBS) has become a fast growing field recently. To provide wider scope LBS, more accurate positioning capability has become more and more important. The idea of this thesis is to provide LBS by utilizing cell phones populated with Camera and GPS functions onboard. With the help from complete Geography Information System that provide 3D features, exact location can be determined without disturbances from environments.

By conducting experiments in the campus of the National Taiwan University of Science and Technology (NTUST), Closed-range Photogrammetry and A-GPS (Assisted-GPS) technologies are combined to provide user locations. GPRS module is used to connect devices to Internet and for GPS aiding data as well as image processing services using the 3D GIS.

The procedure of LBS is to use A-GPS technology to get an approximate user position firstly. Once the server collects and delivers complete ephemeris to GPS receiver of the client, GPS receiver will accomplish Hot Start immediately. The approximate position can limit the search range to nearby buildings and reduce work load of subsequent process. After recognizing all nearby buildings, Closed-range Photogrammetry locating technology is used to estimate exact user’s position. By taking client image of the nearby environment, feature match is performed in the server by using the model of the building established inside the database of GIS and exact position of the client can be determined using the Collinearity Condition.

From the experimental results, it is shown that the new method that combining the A-GPS and Closed Range Photogrammetry techniques can help client to accomplish fast GPS Time-To-First-Fix (TTFF) and furtherly improve the accuracy and reliability of the positioning process.

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