螢幕特性與個別差異對VDT圖像設計之偏好與腦波(EEG)的影響

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研究生：	柯亞先 YA-HSIEN KO
論文名稱：	螢幕特性與個別差異對VDT圖像設計之偏好與腦波(EEG)的影響 Effects of Display Characteristics and Individual Differences on Preferences of VDT Icon Design and EEG Evaluation
指導教授：	謝光進 Kong-King Shieh
口試委員:	林榮泰 Rong-Tai Lin 張聖麟 Sheng-Lin Chang 紀佳芬 Chia-Fen Chi 黃雪玲 Sheue-Ling Hwang 李再長 Tzai-Zang Lee 王茂駿 Mao-Jiun Wang 歐陽超 Ou-Yang Chao
學位類別：	博士 Doctor
系所名稱：	管理學院 - 工業管理系 Department of Industrial Management
論文出版年：	2005
畢業學年度：	93
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	127
中文關鍵詞：	θ波、α波、腦波圖(EEG) 、極性、主觀偏好、個別差異、圖像設計、單一/同時呈現型態、色彩組合
外文關鍵詞：	Theta rhythm, EEG, Alpha rhythm, Color combination, Icon design, Individual differences, Subjective preference, Singly/Simultaneously presentation type, Polarity
相關次數：	點閱：306 下載：12
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本論文主要研究螢幕特性與個別差異，對視覺顯示終端機(VDT)上圖像設計偏好與腦波的影響。
實驗一探討目標/背景色彩組合，單一/同時呈現型態，以及性別、設計專長對VDT上圖像設計偏好的影響。研究結果顯示：黑色目標(白底黑、黃底黑)與黑色背景(黑底紅、黑底黃)是最受歡迎的色彩。在純有色(chromatic color)組合方面，藍底黃(yellow-on-blue)最受歡迎；而帶有綠色(綠底青、紫底綠)或青色(青底綠)的目標/背景色彩組合則最不討好。此外，受試者對於圖像在單一呈現時的評分，高於同時呈現時的評分。女性對於帶有紫色目標或背景圖像的評分高於男性。具有設計背景的受試者，對於帶有黑色目標/背景色彩組合之評分，顯著高於不具設計背景的受試者。
實驗二探討目標/背景色彩組合與極性，對VDT上圖像設計偏好與腦波的影響。研究結果顯示：受試者較偏好陰性呈現(暗底亮字)的圖像。在EEG方面，實施圖像主觀偏好之量測時，腦部右側(F4、P4)的θ與α波功率強度，均較左側(F3、P3)為高；且腦部中線的θ與α波功率強度呈顯著遞增(FCZ<CZ<PZ)。另外在視覺證據上，主觀偏好顯示「喜歡」與「不喜歡」的腦波，於F3、P3、PZ、P4電極處，似有不同的模態(modality)存在：受試者對於「不喜歡」圖像的α波曲線，與「喜歡」的圖像之α波曲線，約相交於10∼10.5 Hz間。在10 Hz前(8-10 Hz)「不喜歡」組的α波強度始終較低，在10.5 Hz後(10.5-12 Hz)「不喜歡」組的α波強度始終較高。

Two experiments were executed in this study. The first experiment explored the effects of display characteristics such as target/background color combination, singly/simultaneously presentation type, and individual differences of sex, and design specialty on preferences of VDT icon design. The results indicated that black targets (black-on-white, black-on-yellow) and black backgrounds (red-on-black, yellow-on- black) were the most popular color combination. As for the chromatic color combinations, yellow-on-blue was the most favored. Subjects rated color combinations under Singly Presentation higher than those under Simultaneous Presentation. Woman rated purplish targets and rated purplish background higher than men. Subjects with design background favored black more, either as a target or background, but they favored turquoise less than those without design background.
The second experiment investigated the effects of color combination and polarity on subjective preferences and EEG evaluation. The results indicated that subjects favored the color combinations in much the same way as in the first experiment. As for the polarity, the negative presentation was more popular than the positive presentation. When the subjective preference was measured, the results of EEG evaluation indicated that the powers of F4-θ and P4-θ in the right brain were higher than F3-θ and P3-θ in the left brain, and the powers of F4-α and P4-α in the right brain was higher than F3-α and P3-α in the left brain too. In addition, the power of θ and α increased significantly over the midline regions of the scalp (FCZ<CZ<PZ). Also, in the visual evidence, there exists some modality in the channels of F3, P3, PZ, and P4 of the spectral-power plot.

目    錄
中文摘要--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ⅲ
Abstract--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ⅳ
誌謝--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ⅴ
目錄--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ⅵ
表目錄--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ⅷ
圖目錄--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ⅹ

第一章緒論--------------------------------------------------------------------------1
1.1研究背景與動機-----------------------------------------------------------1
1.2研究目的--------------------------------------------------------------------4
1.3研究程序--------------------------------------------------------------------6
1.4研究限制--------------------------------------------------------------------6
第二章文獻探討--------------------------------------------------------------------8
2.1VDT螢幕顯示特性-------------------------------------------------------8
2.1.1目標/背景色彩組合-------------------------------------------------------8
2.1.2單一/同時呈現方式-------------------------------------------------------9
2.1.3亮度對比--------------------------------------------------------------------10
2.1.4極性--------------------------------------------------------------------------12
2.2個別差異--------------------------------------------------------------------13
2.3大腦、EEG、QEEG與神經心理學-----------------------------------15
2.3.1大腦功能--------------------------------------------------------------------15
2.3.2神經心理學與EEG-------------------------------------------------------17
2.3.3計量腦波圖(QEEG) ------------------------------------------------------19
2.3.4EEG與人因及活性記憶(WM)的相關研究--------------------------20
第三章螢幕特性與個別差異對VDT圖像偏好之影響---------------------26
3.1前言--------------------------------------------------------------------------26
3.2研究方法--------------------------------------------------------------------27
3.2.1　實驗設計--------------------------------------------------------------------27
3.2.2受試者-----------------------------------------------------------------------28
3.2.3裝置--------------------------------------------------------------------------29
3.2.4刺激-------------------------------------------------------------------------29
3.2.5程序--------------------------------------------------------------------------33
3.2.6依變項衡量與分析--------------------------------------------------------33
3.3結果--------------------------------------------------------------------------34
3.3.1色彩組合--------------------------------------------------------------------36
3.3.2呈現方式--------------------------------------------------------------------38
3.3.3性別--------------------------------------------------------------------------43
3.3.4設計專長--------------------------------------------------------------------47
3.4討論--------------------------------------------------------------------------51
3.4.1色彩組合--------------------------------------------------------------------51
3.4.2呈現方式--------------------------------------------------------------------52
3.4.3性別--------------------------------------------------------------------------53
3.4.4設計專長--------------------------------------------------------------------53
第四章VDT圖像色彩組合之主觀偏好與EEG評估-----------------------55
4.1前言--------------------------------------------------------------------------55
4.2研究方法--------------------------------------------------------------------56
4.2.1　實驗設計--------------------------------------------------------------------56
4.2.2受試者-----------------------------------------------------------------------56
4.2.3裝置--------------------------------------------------------------------------58
4.2.4刺激----------------------------------------------------------59
4.2.5程序--------------------------------------------------------------------------60
4.3結果--------------------------------------------------------------------------62
4.3.1色彩組合與主觀偏好-----------------------------------------------------62
4.3.2極性與主觀偏好-----------------------------------------------------------66
4.3.3色彩組合、極性與EEG-------------------------------------------------69
4.3.4主觀偏好與EEG----------------------------------------------------------71
4.4各電極θ波和α波之分析-----------------------------------------------71
4.4.1F3-θ和F3-α之分析------------------------------------------------------71
4.4.2F4-θ和F4-α之分析------------------------------------------------------72
4.4.3FCZ-θ和FCZ-α之分析-------------------------------------------------74
4.4.4CZ-θ和CZ-α之分析-----------------------------------------------------77
4.4.5PZ-θ和PZ-α之分析-----------------------------------------------------78
4.4.6P3-θ和P3-α之分析------------------------------------------------------81
4.4.7P4-θ和P4-α之分析------------------------------------------------------83
4.5主觀偏好與EEG----------------------------------------------------------87
4.6討論--------------------------------------------------------------------------90
4.6.1色彩組合與主觀偏好-----------------------------------------------------90
4.6.2極性與主觀偏好-----------------------------------------------------------90
4.6.3色彩組合、極性與EEG-------------------------------------------------91
4.6.4主觀偏好與EEG----------------------------------------------------------92
第五章結論與建議-----------------------------------------------------------------94
5.1結論--------------------------------------------------------------------------94
5.2建議--------------------------------------------------------------------------98
參考文獻--------------------------------------------------------------------------------101
附錄--------------------------------------------------------------------------------110

表 目 錄

表2.1國際通用的10-20制電極之位置及中英文名稱-----------------------17
表3.1本實驗所使用的8種色彩之CIE色度座標(x, y)與亮度值L-------30
表3.2單一呈現時的刺激順序-----------------------------------------------------32
表3.3各獨立變項在不同水準下，其偏好評分之均值----------------------34
表3.4色彩組合評分的變異數分析(ANOVA)結果----------------------------35
表3.5目標色的SNK(Student-Newman-Keuls)檢定與 Tukey 檢定-------36
表3.6背景色的SNK(Student-Newman-Keuls)檢定與 Tukey 檢定-------37
表3.7所有色彩組合之平均值與標準差----------------------------------------38
表3.8呈現方式與目標色的交互作用-------------------------------------------40
表3.9呈現方式與背景色的交互作用-------------------------------------------41
表3.10不同呈現方式與色彩組合之評分均值與t檢定結果-----------------42
表3.11性別與目標色的交互作用-------------------------------------------------44
表3.12性別與背景色的交互作用-------------------------------------------------45
表3.13性別與色彩組合之評分均值與t檢定結果-----------------------------46
表3.14設計專長與目標色的交互作用-------------------------------------------48
表3.15設計專長與背景色的交互作用-------------------------------------------49
表3.16設計專長與色彩組合之評分均值與t檢定結果-----------------------50
表4.1本實驗所使用的8種色彩之CIE色度座標(x, y)、RGB與USL值57
表4.2色彩組合與極性--------------------------------------------------------------57
表4.3各獨立變項在不同水準下，其偏好評分之均值----------------------63
表4.4色彩組合評分的變異數分析(ANOVA)結果----------------------------64
表4.5目標色的Tukey 檢定-------------------------------------------------------64
表4.6背景色的Tukey 檢定-------------------------------------------------------64
表4.7所有色彩組合之平均值與標準差----------------------------------------65
表4.8極性與目標色的交互作用-------------------------------------------------67
表4.9極性與背景色的交互作用-------------------------------------------------68
表4.10各電極之θ波與α波均值-------------------------------------------------70
表4.11各獨立變項在不同水準下，其F3-θ和F3-α功率強度均值-------71
表4.12F3-θ的變異數分析(ANOVA)結果---------------------------------------72
表4.13F3 -α的變異數分析(ANOVA)結果--------------------------------------72
表4.14各獨立變項在不同水準下，其F4-θ和F4--α功率強度均值------73
表4.15F4-θ的變異數分析(ANOVA)結果---------------------------------------73
表4.16F4 -α的變異數分析(ANOVA)結果--------------------------------------74
表4.17各獨立變項在不同水準下，其FCz-θ和FCz-α功率強度均值---75
表4.18FCz-θ的變異數分析(ANOVA)結果-------------------------------------75
表4.19FCz -α的變異數分析(ANOVA)結果-------------------------------------76
表4.20FCz-α功率強度在不同目標色的Tukey 檢定-------------------------76
表4.21各獨立變項在不同水準下，其Cz-θ和Cz-α功率強度之均值----77
表4.22Cz-θ的變異數分析(ANOVA)結果---------------------------------------78
表4.23Cz -α的變異數分析(ANOVA)結果--------------------------------------78
表4.24各獨立變項在不同水準下，其Pz-θ和Pz-α功率強度之均值-----79
表4.25Pz-θ的變異數分析(ANOVA)結果---------------------------------------79
表4.26Pz-θ功率強度在不同背景色的Tukey 檢定---------------------------80
表4.27Pz-α的變異數分析(ANOVA)結果---------------------------------------80
表4.28Pz-α功率強度在不同背景色的Tukey 檢定---------------------------81
表4.29各獨立變項在不同水準下，其P3-θ和P3-α功率強度之均值----82
表4.30P3-θ的變異數分析(ANOVA)結果---------------------------------------82
表4.31P3-α的變異數分析(ANOVA)結果---------------------------------------83
表4.32P3-α功率強度在不同背景色的Tukey 檢定---------------------------83
表4.33各獨立變項在不同水準下，其P4 -θ和P4-α功率強度之均值-----84
表4.34P4 -θ的變異數分析(ANOVA)結果---------------------------------------85
表4.35P4 -θ功率強度在不同背景色的Tukey檢定---------------------------85
表4.36P4 -α的變異數分析(ANOVA)結果---------------------------------------86
表4.37P4-α功率強度在不同背景色的Tukey檢定----------------------------86
表4.38不同偏好程度下的P4-θ波與P4-α波之平均功率強度與t檢定結果-------------------------------------------------------------------------------88
表5.1EEG研究結果彙總表------------------------------------------------------95

圖 目 錄

圖1.1  研究架構------------------------------------------------------------------------5
圖1.2研究程序------------------------------------------------------------------------7
圖2.1國際通用的10-20系統------------------------------------------------------16
圖3.1本實驗VDT之工作空間配置圖--------------------------------------32
圖3.2同時呈現與單一呈現之畫面釋例------------------------------------------33
圖3.3呈現方式與目標色的交互作用---------------------------------------------42
圖3.4呈現方式與背景色的交互作用---------------------------------------------43
圖3.5性別與目標色的交互作用---------------------------------------------------46
圖3.6性別與背景色的交互作用---------------------------------------------------47
圖3.7設計專長與目標色的交互作用---------------------------------------------50
圖3.8設計專長與背景色的交互作用---------------------------------------------51
圖4.1受試者的刺激圖像示例------------------------------------------------------61
圖4.2極性與目標色的交互作用圖------------------------------------------------69
圖4.3極性與背景色的交互作用圖------------------------------------------------70
圖4.4θ波與α波強度(μV2)折線圖----------------------------------------------72
圖4.5F3、 F4、FCz、Cz、P3、P4及Pz上的α波功率強度圖-----------89

                                

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