因應環境的快速變動與不確定性，近年來軟體開發團隊採用敏捷開發方法的比率大幅提升，相比傳統計畫導向的開發方法，敏捷開發可以更好的應對客戶需求的變動。敏捷開發領域的研究非常豐富，其中亦有許多研究深入探討影響敏捷專案績效的關鍵因素或可能面臨的問題或挑戰，以提升實務上導入敏捷的成效。而在專案績效上，企業可能根據產業或是專案類型的不同，會有不同的核心競爭力，進而優先注重專案時間、品質、成本不同的績效構面。而敏捷的開發方法有很多，每種方法都有各自的實踐方式，採用不同特性的實踐方法亦會影響到不同的專案績效構面，而對於每種實踐方法的執行好壞也會受不同的關鍵因素所影響。故探討專案績效、敏捷實踐和關鍵影響因素三者間之關聯性可在實務上幫助開發團隊制定合適的策略以提升專案績效，在學術研究上亦為一重要的研究缺口。

故本研究首先透過文獻探討彙整並建立研究層級架構，其中包含專案時間、品質和成本績效三大構面，五個敏捷實踐群組和五個關鍵影響因素。接著設計一套結合層級分析法與修正式德菲法的專家意見調查流程與工具，透過多輪專家問卷調查的方式取得13位專家學者的綜合評估結果並進行分析與討論，以釐清專案績效、實踐群組和關鍵影響因素間之關聯性。根據本研究結果分析，「客戶持續參與」會透過影響「價值優先考量」實踐群組的執行好壞，進而有效提升專案績效，尤其對時間和成本績效極為重要。「客戶持續參與」和「成員自主性」會透過影響「即時回饋與改善」實踐群組的執行好壞，進而有效提升專案績效，尤其對品質績效頗為重要。「成員自主性」和「敏捷概念認知」則會透過影響「穩定與持續改善工作流程」實踐群組的執行好壞，進而提升專案品質和成本績效。

In response to rapid changes and uncertainties in the environment, the ratio of software development teams adopting agile development methods has increased significantly in recent years. Compared with traditional plan-driven development methods, agile development can better cope with changes in customer needs. The research in the field of agile development is very rich, and many of them deeply explore the critical factors affecting the performance of agile projects or the problems and challenges that may be faced, so as to improve the effectiveness of introducing agile in practice. In terms of project performance, enterprises may have different core competitiveness according to different industries or project types, and then give priority to the different performance aspects of project time, quality and cost. There are many agile development methods, and each method has its own practice methods. The different practice methods will also affect different project performance aspects, and the implementation of each practice method will be affected by different critical factors. Therefore, exploring the correlations among project performance, agile practices and critical influencing factors can help development teams formulate appropriate strategies to improve project performance, and is also an important research gap.

Therefore, this study firstly explores the literature and build a research hierarchy, which includes three dimensions of project performance in time, quality and cost, five agile practice groups and five critical influencing factors. Then, the comprehensive evaluation results of 13 experts and scholars were obtained through multiple rounds of expert questionnaires to analyze the correlations among project performance, agile practices and critical influencing factors. According to the result, "Continuous Customer Engagement" can effectively improve project performance by affecting the execution of "Value First" practice group, which is especially important for time and cost performance. "Continuous Customer Engagement" and "Member Autonomy" will effectively improve project performance by influencing the execution of the "Real-time Feedback and Improvement" practice group, which is especially important for quality performance. "Member Autonomy" and "Agile Conceptual Awareness" will improve project quality and cost performance by influencing the execution of the "Stability and Continuous Improvement Workflow" practice group.

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