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研究生: 沙漠云
Awan Gurun Gunarso
論文名稱: 护士英语交流的挑战与需求-以台湾台北市立医院为例
The Challenges and Needs of Nurses’ English Communication: A Case Study in Taipei City Hospital in Taiwan
指導教授: 陳淑嬌
Su-chiao Chen
口試委員: 鄧慧君
Huei-Chun Teng
Feiwen Cheng
陳淑嬌
Su-chiao Chen
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 人文社會學院 - 應用外語系
Department of Applied Foreign Languages
論文出版年: 2020
畢業學年度: 108
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 88
中文關鍵詞: 护士有效沟通医患关系
外文關鍵詞: Nurses, Effective Communication, Nurse-patient Relationship
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  • 由于世界已成为一个全球化的村庄,台湾的护士面临着来自世界各地的日益多样化的患者。越来越多的国外患者意味着护士应该面对来自不同文化背景和使用不同语言的国际患者。由于英语是使用最广泛的国际语言,因此它已成为一种流行的通用语言,用于台湾护士和国际患者之间的交流。但是,关于它们之间是否可以很好地进行沟通的研究很少。如果不了解他们是否可以使用英语进行适当的交流,几乎不可能知道国际患者是否获得了适当的治疗。因此,本研究旨在调查台湾护士的英语交际能力。共有21名台湾护士参加了这项研究。主要发现表明,对于工作场所英语用法,护士将口语和语法评为最重要的语言技能领域。录像的发现还表明,护士在理解与国际患者的英语口语方面存在挑战和策略,例如倾向于使用手势来帮助与国际患者沟通,倾向于在英语口语中混入单词(代码切换),并且倾向于避免闲谈或与国际患者保持长时间的英语对话。


    Due to the fact that the world has become a global village, nurses in Taiwan are faced with increasingly diverse patients from different parts of the world. The growing number of patients from aboard means that the nurses should face international patients who are from different cultural backgrounds and speaking different languages. Since English is the most widely used international language, it has become a popular lingua franca used for the communication between Taiwanese nurses and international patients. However, little research has been done with whether they can communicate well with each other. Without the understanding of whether they can use English to communicate with each other appropriately, it is almost impossible to know if the international patients obtain appropriate treatments. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the English communicative competence held by nurses in Taiwan. A total of 21 Taiwanese nurses participated in this study. The major findings showed that the nurses rated the most important language skill areas for their workplace English usage are speaking and grammar. The findings of video recording also showed that nurses have challenges and strategies in understanding spoken English with international patients such as tend to use gestures to aid communication with international patients, tend to mix words when speaking in English (Code switching), and tend to avoid small talks or maintain long conversation with international patients in English.

    REFERENCES Aditya Karuthan. (2015). The English language needs of nurses in medical tourism in Malaysia. Master of English as a second language in faculty of languages and linguistics, Kuala Lumpur. Azimian J, Negarandeh R, FakhrMovahedi A. Factors affecting nurses’ coping with transition: an exploratory qualitative study. Glob J Health Sci 2014; 6 (6): 88. Bach, S. and Grant, A. (2009) Communication and Interpersonal Skills for Nurses. Great Britain: TJ International Ltd. Balandin, S., Hemsley, B., Sigafoos, J., & Green, V. . (2007). Communication with nurses: The experience of 10 adult cerebral palsy and complex communication needs. Applied Nursing Research, 20(2007), 56-62. doi: 10.1016/j.apnr.2006.03.001 Brown, H. D. (2001). Principles of language learning and teaching. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching & Research Press. Bureau of Employment and Vocational Training, Executive Yuan. (2015). Statistics of foreign workers. Republic of China. Retrieved June 26, 2015 from http://iff.immigration.gov.tw/public/Attachment/552913401819.xls. Chang, F.-F. (2010). The five steps of qualitative data analysis: Climbing up a ladder of abstraction, Journal of Elementary Education, 35, 87-120. Chen, J.-F. (2010). Nursing beyond boundaries – a discussion on multi-culture and transnational nursing. Tzu-Chi Nursing Journal, 9(4), 20-26. Chiang-Hanisko, L., Ross, R., Boonyanurak, P., Ozawa, M., & Chiang, L. C. (2008). Pathways to progress in nursing: Understanding career patterns in Japan, Taiwan and Thailand. The OJIN: Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 13(3). Retrieved June 8, 2012 from 10.3912/OJIN.Vol13No03Man04 Chien, C. Y. (2008). Cross-cultural communication styles for in-service nurses: A study for Nursing English curriculum. In Proceedings of 2008 international symposium on ESP (pp. 90-105). Taiwan: Fooyin University. Clingwall, D. (2015). A Reflective Analysis on Developing Nursing English Courses in Japan and Korea, Hiroshima Studies in Language and Language Education. 18, 195-212. College of Nurses of Ontario (2006). Therapeutic nurse-client relationship (ONLINE) Available through: https://www.cno.org/globalassets/docs/prac/41033_therapeutic.pdf (Accessed: January 16th, 2017) Creswell, J. W. (2009). Research Design: Qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods approaches (9 ed.). Los Angeles: Sage. Lu, C.-H., Wu, C.-F., Lee, H.-L., & Yu, W.-P. (2009). Improving the English ability of the nursing staff in an outpatient department. Tzu Chi Nursing Journal, 8(6), 87-96. Lu, Yi-Ling (2018). What do nurses say about their English language needs for patient care and their ESP coursework. Master of applied foreign languges, Taiwan Maher, J. C. (1992), International Medical Communication in English, Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. Marius (2012). China’s Medical Tourists Heading to Taiwan International Insurance and Healthcare Industry News. January 16, 2012 Nettina, S. M. (2006). The Lippincott manual of nursing practice (8 ed.). Philadelphia: Williams & Wilkins. Norouzinia R, Aghabarari M, Shiri M, Karimi M, Samami E. Communication barriers perceived by nurses and patients. Glob J Health Sci 2016; 8 (6): 65-74. Olmstead-Wang, S. (2011). Developing curriculum and strategies for a Chinese-language medical university in Taiwan adopting English as a medium of instruction. In B. J. Hoekje, & S. M. Tipton (Eds.), English language and the medical profession: Instructing and assessing the communication skills of in- ternational physicians (pp. 149-171). Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill. O'Neill, F. (2011). From language classroom to clinical context: The role of language and culture in communication for nurse using english as a second language a thematic analysis. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 48(2011), 1120-1128. Orisa sursattayawong. (2006). A survey of English problems of nurses at Rajavithi hospital. Master of arts degree in business English for international communication, Bangkok. Park, E.-k., & Song, M. (2005). Communication barrier perceived by older patients and nurses. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 42(2005), 159-166. Peplau, H. (1952). Interpersonal relations in nursing: A conceptual framework for psychodynamic nursing. NewYork: G.P. Putnam’s Sons. Peplau, H. E. (1991). Interpersonal relations in nursing. New York, NY: Springer. Peplau, H. E. (1992). Interpersonal relations: A theoretical framework for application in nursing practice. Nursing Science Quarterly, 5(1), 13-18. Peplau, H. E. (1992). Interpersonal relations: A theoretical framework for application in nursing practice. Nursing Science Quarterly, 5, 13-18. Peplau, H. E. (1997) Theory of interpersonal Relations. Nurse Science Quarterly Pleansaisurb, Wantana (1984). A Survey of Needs, Wants and Problems of the Medical Students at Mahidol University for the Use of the Four Skills of English. Master Thesis (MA) Bangkok: Graduate School Mahidol University. Photocopied Robinson, M., & Gilmartin, J. (2002). Barriers to communication between health practitioners and service users who are not fluent in English. Nurse Education Today (22), 457-465. Saffer, F.A., & Julia, D.T. (2013). Global Mobility of internationally educated nurses: challenge and regulatory implications. Journal of Nursing Regulations 4(3), 11-16. Shafipour V, Mohammad E, Ahmadi F. Barriers to nurse-patient communication in cardiac surgery wards: a qualitative study. Glob J Health Sci 2014; 6 (6): 234. doi: 10. 5539/gjhs.v6n6p234 Sheldon, L. K. (2013) Establishing a Therapeutic Relationship Communication for Nurses: Talking with Patients (third edition). Jones & Bartlett Learning Stocker, J. (2011). Ethical challenges in teacher research: The case of an ESP foreign language course in Taiwan. Taiwan International ESP Journal, 3(2), 51-70. Stocker, J., & Reddad, M. (2013). Constructing a collaborative, emergent syllabus of communicative performances in a nursing English course in Taiwan. RELC Journal, 44(2), 177-194. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033688213488467. Su, S. M. (2003). Chinese-structured English of EFL nursing pre-professionals: The case at a college of technology in Taiwan. Hong Kong Journal of Applied Linguistics, 8(1), 52-65. Su, S. S. M., & Chu, H. M. (2004). Motivations in the code-switching of nursing notes in EFL Taiwan. Hong Kong Journal of Applied Linguistics, 9(2), 55-69 Taiwan Tourism Bureau, Ministry of Transportation and Communications. (2012). Yearly statistics. Republic of China. Retrieved Dec. 18, 2012 from http:// admin.taiwan.net.tw/statistics/year_en.aspx?no 15 Wang, H. H., Lin, M. L., Yang, Y. M., Tsai, H. M., & Huang, J. J. (2011). The effects of group health education on childbearing knowledge, attitude, and behaviour among Southeast Asian immigrant women in Taiwan. Midwifery, 28(6), 754-759. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2011.07.007. Wang, J.-J., Hsieh, P.-F., & Wang, C.-J. (2013). Long-term Care Nurses' Communication Difficulties with People Living with Dementia in Taiwan. Asian Nursing Research, 7(3), 99-103. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2013.06.001 Wu, L.-F. (2005). ESP vocabulary learning and teaching. In Proceedings of 2005 international symposium on ESP and its application in nursing and medical English education. Kaohsiung, Taiwan: Fooyin University. Yang, C.-L. (2011). Internationalized medical care services increase need of health care providers to improve English communication skills. The Journal of Nursing, 58(1), 97-101. Yang, M. N. (2005). Nursing pre-professional’s medical terminology learning strategies. Asian EFL Journal, 7(2), 137-154. Yang, M. N., & Su, S. M. (2003). A study of Taiwanese nursing students’ and in-service nursing professionals’ English needs. Journal of Chang Gung Institute of Technology, 2, 269-284.

    REFERENCES

    Aditya Karuthan. i(2015). The English language needs of inurses iin imedical itourism iin iMalaysia. iMaster iof iEnglish ias ia isecond ilanguage iin ifaculty iof ilanguages iand ilinguistics, iKuala iLumpur.
    Azimian J, Negarandeh R, FakhrMovahedi A. Factors affecting nurses’ coping with transition: an exploratory qualitative study. Glob J Health Sci 2014; 6 (6): 88.
    Bach, S. and Grant, A. (2009) Communication and Interpersonal Skills for Nurses. Great Britain: TJ International Ltd.
    Balandin, S., Hemsley, B., Sigafoos, J., & Green, V. . (2007). Communication with nurses: The experience of 10 adult cerebral palsy and complex communication needs. Applied Nursing Research, 20(2007), 56-62. doi: 10.1016/j.apnr.2006.03.001
    Brown, iH. iD. i(2001). iPrinciples iof ilanguage ilearning iand iteaching. iBeijing: iForeign iLanguage iTeaching i& iResearch iPress.
    Bureau of Employment and Vocational Training, Executive Yuan. (2015). Statistics of foreign workers. Republic of China. Retrieved June 26, 2015 from http://iff.immigration.gov.tw/public/Attachment/552913401819.xls.
    Chang, F.-F. (2010). The five steps of qualitative data analysis: Climbing up a ladder of abstraction, Journal of Elementary Education, 35, 87-120.
    Chen, J.-F. (2010). Nursing beyond boundaries – a discussion on multi-culture and transnational nursing. Tzu-Chi Nursing Journal, 9(4), 20-26.
    Chiang-Hanisko, L., Ross, R., Boonyanurak, P., Ozawa, M., & Chiang, L. C. (2008). Pathways to progress in nursing: Understanding career patterns in Japan, Taiwan and Thailand. The OJIN: Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 13(3). Retrieved June 8, 2012 from 10.3912/OJIN.Vol13No03Man04
    Chien, C. Y. (2008). Cross-cultural communication styles for in-service nurses: A study for Nursing English curriculum. In Proceedings of 2008 international symposium on ESP (pp. 90-105). Taiwan: Fooyin University.
    Clingwall, D. (2015). A Reflective Analysis on Developing Nursing English Courses in Japan and Korea, Hiroshima Studies in Language and Language Education. 18, 195-212.
    College of Nurses of Ontario (2006). Therapeutic nurse-client relationship (ONLINE) Available through: https://www.cno.org/globalassets/docs/prac/41033_therapeutic.pdf (Accessed: January 16th, 2017)
    Creswell, iJ. iW. i(2009). iResearch iDesign: iQualitative, iquantitative iand imixed imethods iapproaches i(9 ied.). iLos iAngeles: iSage.
    Lu, C.-H., Wu, C.-F., Lee, H.-L., & Yu, W.-P. (2009). Improving the English ability of the nursing staff in an outpatient department. Tzu Chi Nursing Journal, 8(6), 87-96.
    Lu, Yi-Ling (2018). What do nurses say about their English language needs for patient care and their ESP coursework. Master of applied foreign languges, Taiwan
    Maher, J. C. (1992), International Medical Communication in English, Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
    Marius i(2012). iChina’s iMedical iTourists iHeading ito iTaiwan iInternational Insurance iand iHealthcare iIndustry iNews. iJanuary i16, i2012
    Nettina, iS. iM. i(2006). iThe iLippincott imanual iof inursing ipractice i(8 ied.). Philadelphia: iWilliams i& iWilkins.
    Norouzinia R, Aghabarari M, Shiri M, Karimi M, Samami E. Communication barriers perceived by nurses and patients. Glob J Health Sci 2016; 8 (6): 65-74.
    Olmstead-Wang, S. (2011). Developing curriculum and strategies for a Chinese-language medical university in Taiwan adopting English as a medium of instruction. In B. J. Hoekje, & S. M. Tipton (Eds.), English language and the medical profession: Instructing and assessing the communication skills of in- ternational physicians (pp. 149-171). Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill.
    O'Neill, F. (2011). From language classroom to clinical context: The role of language and culture in communication for nurse using english as a second language a thematic analysis. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 48(2011), 1120-1128.
    Orisa isursattayawong. i i(2006). iA isurvey iof iEnglish iproblems iof inurses iat Rajavithi ihospital. iMaster iof iarts idegree iin ibusiness iEnglish ifor iinternational icommunication, iBangkok.
    Park, E.-k., & Song, M. (2005). Communication barrier perceived by older patients and nurses. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 42(2005), 159-166.
    Peplau, H. (1952). Interpersonal relations in nursing: A conceptual framework for psychodynamic nursing. NewYork: G.P. Putnam’s Sons.
    Peplau, H. E. (1991). Interpersonal relations in nursing. New York, NY: Springer.
    Peplau, H. E. (1992). Interpersonal relations: A theoretical framework for application in nursing practice. Nursing Science Quarterly, 5(1), 13-18.
    Peplau, H. E. (1992). Interpersonal relations: A theoretical framework for application in nursing practice. Nursing Science Quarterly, 5, 13-18.
    Peplau, H. E. (1997) Theory of interpersonal Relations. Nurse Science Quarterly
    Pleansaisurb, Wantana (1984). A Survey of Needs, Wants and Problems of the Medical Students at Mahidol University for the Use of the Four Skills of English. Master Thesis (MA) Bangkok: Graduate School Mahidol University. Photocopied
    Robinson, M., & Gilmartin, J. (2002). Barriers to communication between health practitioners and service users who are not fluent in english. Nurse Education Today (22), 457-465.
    Saffer, F.A., & Julia, D.T. (2013). Global Mobility of internationally educated nurses: challenge and regulatory implications. Journal of Nursing Regulations 4(3), 11-16.
    Shafipour V, Mohammad E, Ahmadi F. Barriers to nurse-patient communication in cardiac surgery wards: a qualitative study. Glob J Health Sci 2014; 6 (6): 234. doi: 10. 5539/gjhs.v6n6p234
    Sheldon, L. K. (2013) Establishing a Therapeutic Relationship Communication for Nurses: Talking with Patients (third edition). Jones & Bartlett Learning
    Stocker, J. (2011). Ethical challenges in teacher research: The case of an ESP foreign language course in Taiwan. Taiwan International ESP Journal, 3(2), 51-70. Stocker, J., & Reddad, M. (2013). Constructing a collaborative, emergent syllabus of communicative performances in a nursing English course in Taiwan. RELC Journal, 44(2), 177-194. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033688213488467.
    Su, S. M. (2003). Chinese-structured English of EFL nursing pre-professionals: The case at a college of technology in Taiwan. Hong Kong Journal of Applied Linguistics, 8(1), 52-65.
    Su, S. S. M., & Chu, H. M. (2004). Motivations in the code-switching of nursing notes in EFL Taiwan. Hong Kong Journal of Applied Linguistics, 9(2), 55-69
    Taiwan Tourism Bureau, Ministry of Transportation and Communications. (2012). Yearly statistics. Republic of China. Retrieved Dec. 18, 2012 from http:// admin.taiwan.net.tw/statistics/year_en.aspx?no 15
    Wang, H. H., Lin, M. L., Yang, Y. M., Tsai, H. M., & Huang, J. J. (2011). The effects of group health education on childbearing knowledge, attitude, and behaviour among Southeast Asian immigrant women in Taiwan. Midwifery, 28(6), 754-759. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2011.07.007.
    Wang, J.-J., Hsieh, P.-F., & Wang, C.-J. (2013). Long-term Care Nurses' Communication Difficulties with People Living with Dementia in Taiwan. Asian Nursing Research, 7(3), 99-103. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2013.06.001
    Wu, L.-F. (2005). ESP vocabulary learning and teaching. In Proceedings of 2005 international symposium on ESP and its application in nursing and medical English education. Kaohsiung, Taiwan: Fooyin University.
    Yang, C.-L. (2011). Internationalized medical care services increase need of health care providers to improve English communication skills. The Journal of Nursing, 58(1), 97-101.
    Yang, M. N. (2005). Nursing pre-professional’s medical terminology learning strategies. Asian EFL Journal, 7(2), 137-154.
    Yang, M. N., & Su, S. M. (2003). A study of Taiwanese nursing students’ and in-service nursing professionals’ English needs. Journal of Chang Gung Institute of Technology, 2, 269-284.

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