為解決現今資料中心發收端擁擠與增加傳輸效率，本論文內容介紹了三種特殊光波導元件：高分子波導、多纖芯光纖以及透鏡光纖，高分子波導與多纖芯光纖針對光通訊部分進行基本特性以及通訊品質量測，並在論文中對此兩種光波導進行結構與原理的分析，量測插入損耗、串擾、彎曲、溫度、誤碼率等量測實驗，並與現今使用之光纖進行優劣比較。透鏡光纖則為了因應尺寸越來越小之光波導，在自由空間中的耦合效率。本論文主要分成兩個部份，第一部分本論文針對兩種特殊光波導進行結構與原理分析，對於高分子波導之材料與製程進行討論，並針對高分子波導進行各項特性之量測。分別使用三種光源：980 nm雷射、1310 nm雷射、1550 nm 雷射，量測各項參數特性如：插入損耗、串擾、彎曲、扭曲、溫度、誤碼率，實驗結果發現聚合物波導在980 nm與1310 nm波段具有較低損耗。而對於多纖芯光纖的文獻進行探討並量測其插入損耗、串擾及誤碼率，實驗結果發現其傳輸損耗都較低。至於雙向傳輸的部分本論文探討了帶內串擾與帶間串擾對系統性能之影響，而實驗結果得知帶內串擾為兩輸入相同波長相互影響造成系統品質不佳且功率償付較大，而帶間串擾容易被濾波器濾除，因此對系統品質影響較小且功率償付較小，由於高分子波導材料於1550 nm時損耗很大，因此相較於多纖芯光纖通訊系統品質較差。第二部分本論文對透鏡光纖進行文獻探討並量測其焦距與利用Matlab 模擬耦合效率，透鏡光纖可以藉由製程方式的不同而達到不同的透鏡半徑與形狀，可以改變模態形狀來調整透鏡光纖與待測波導之間的模態匹配程度，進而提升與待測波導之間的耦合效率。而模擬結果為工作距離為10 μm，最佳偶合效率為61.7631%。最後利用透鏡光纖與高分子波導提出一個架構進行討論及評估。

To solve out the congestion control at data centers and enhance the transmission efficiency, we introduce three types of special optical waveguide components in this thesis: polymer waveguide, multi-core fiber, and lensed fiber. Polymer waveguide and multi-core fiber are mainly used to measure the basic characteristics in optical communication and the quality of it. We compare these two waveguides structurally and analyze them theoretically, including measuring insertion loss (IL), crosstalk, bending, temperature, bit error rate (BER), and comparing them with optical fibers to realize the pros and cons. Lensed fiber is used to improve the coupling efficiency in free space for the smaller size optical waveguide. The thesis is mainly separated into two parts. The first is to investigate these two special waveguides structurally and theoretically, discuss the materials of the polymer waveguide and its processing, and measure its different characteristics. Using three types of light sources: 980nm laser, 1310nm laser, 1550 nm laser, we measure the characteristics like IL, crosstalk, bending, twisting, temperature, BER. The result shows that it has lower loss in 980 nm and 1310 nm band. For the investigation into the literatures related to multi-core fiber, we measure IL, crosstalk, BER, and we find out that its transmission loss is relatively lower than polymer waveguide. As for bi-directional transmission, we explore the impacts about how inter-band and intra-band crosstalk have on the system efficiency, and the result shows that intra-band crosstalk makes two same wavelengths light sources affect each other and that influences the quality of the system and higher power penalty; on the other hand, inter-band crosstalk is easily eliminated by the filter, so it has lower impact on the quality of the system and lower power penalty. Due to the materials of polymer waveguide has high loss at 1550 nm
, the loss of it is so big that it has worse communication system quality than multi-core fiber. The second part is to investigate the literatures related to lensed fiber, measure its focal length, and simulate coupling efficiency of it through Matlab. Lensed fiber with different radiuses and shapes could be achieved through different processing methods. By doing so, the mode distribution will be tuned to the better condition for lensed fiber and waveguide under test and that will enhance the overall coupling efficiency. The simulation result shows that the best coupling efficiency is 61.7631% when the focal length is 10 μm. Finally, we use lensed fiber and polymer waveguide to develop an architecture to have a discussion and an evaluation.

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