全球氣候變遷的結果除了造成溫室效應，更使得石油價格高漲。為此，世界各國政府無不致力於綠色能源開發，以取代石油在工業發展上的重要角色。聯合國政府更透過聯合國氣候變化綱要公約以規範各國締約國，2009年「哥本哈根協定」明定各國必須努力控制全球升溫於攝氏2度內；2010年於墨西哥召開的坎昆會議更決議成立綠色基金以協助開發中國家處理氣候變遷議題。
針對全球性氣候協議內容歐盟也推出「能源政策綠皮書」、「歐盟能源回收計劃」、「國家能源效率行動計劃」、「歐洲智慧型能源計劃」等多項應變措施，並於2007年推動「歐盟第七期科研架構計畫(Seventh Framework Programme for research and technological development; FP7)」期待藉由科技計畫的補助，協助研究與實務間進行整合，同時提升相關能源技術。
在歐盟法令方面，2003年頒布的「內部能源市場指令(Directive 2003/54/EC)」訂定內部能源市場的開放政策，2009年重新修定頒布「促進內部市場可再生能源發電指令(Directive 2009/28/EC)」主要希望提升再生能源產出電力之使用率，同年「內部電力市場指令(Directive 2009/72/EC)」更要求在公元2020年前，需達成80%的能源用戶皆使用智慧電表的目標。在風能相關法令方面，為了促進離岸風能的使用，歐盟議會也制定了「促進離岸風能(Promotion of offshore wind energy) 」相關政策。
本研究除了介紹風能發展概況，更深入了解各與歐盟風能相關研究機構與歐盟風電發展之互動關係，並針對主要的風業政策與法令進行討論，除了解各政策與指令對風業發展所造成的影響外，更期待能給後續歐盟風能相關研究提供更完善的參考。

The global climate change not only caused the global warming effect but also stimulated the oil price. In order to deal with such issue, countries all around the world are all doing their best on finding alternative energy sources to replace the huge role the fossil fuel plays in the industrial development. The United Nations(UN) also set up the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) to regulate its member states. In the end of 2009, “Copenhagen Accord” indicated that “All the countries should do their best to hold the increase in global average temperature below 2 degrees Celsius”. During The 2010 United Nations Climate Change Conference which was held in Cancun Mexico, a agreement was reached to set the Green Climate Fund in order to assist the developing countries solving their climate changing issues.
In accordance with the global climate agreement, the European Commission have several projects to deal with, such as “A European Strategy for a Sustainable, Competitive, and Secure Energy (green paper)”, “European Energy Programme for Recovery, EEPR”, “National Energy Efficiency Action Plan, NEEAP”, “Intelligent Energy Europe Programme, IEE”. Furthermore, by driving “Seventh Framework Programme for research and technological development, FP7” project, to give financial support on the research will help to improve the wind energy technic.
European Commission have issued ”the Directive on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources (Directive 2009/28/EC, RES Directive)” and “the internal market in electricity (Directive 2009/72/EC, Electricity Directive)”, in order to not only improve the use of renewable energy, but open the internal electric market. The end user of the electricity will have multiple choices on energy resource and more competitive price. To improve the application of offshore wind power, European Commission also have published “Promotion of offshore wind energy” policy to get the previous research.
This thesis provides a detailed overview of the European wind power development, and analyzes the interaction between EU wind power research institute and EU wind power development to realize how the policy and directive impact to the wind power industry

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二、 外文文獻
1. Blanco, M. I., & Rodrigues, G. (2008). Can the future EU ETS support wind energy investments? Energy Policy, 36(4), 1509-1520. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2007.12.025
2. De Decker, J., & Woyte, A. (2013). Review of the various proposals for the European offshore grid. Renewable Energy, 49(0), 58-62. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2012.01.066
3. Esposti CD.(2009) The regulatory framework: grid integration and market incentives.In: Gaudiosi G, Twidell J, editors. Offshore wind power. Multi-Science Publishing Co. Ltd.; 2009. p. 141–9.
4. Green R, Vasilakos N(2011). The economics of offshore wind. Energy Policy 2011;39(2):496–502
5. Henderson, A. R. (2002). Offshore wind in Europe: The current state of the art. Refocus, 3(2), 14–17.
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8. Madariage, I. Martines de alegria, J. L. Martin, Peguia, S. Ceballos, (2011) Current facts about offshore wind farms p3110
9. Michalak, P., & Zimny, J. (2011). Wind energy development in the world, Europe and Poland from 1995 to 2009; current status and future perspectives. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 15(5), 2330-2341. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2011.02.008
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11. EWEA(2012). Wind in power: 2011 European Statistics, available at: http://www.ewea.org/fileadmin/files/library/publications/statistics/Wind_in_power_2011_European_statistics.pdf (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
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三、 歐盟官方資料：
1. EU Directive 2009/28/EC: An important framework for the future integration of power from the deserts available at: http://www.dii-eumena.com/media/latest-news/latest-news-single/article/55.html (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
2. Directive 2003/96/EC of 27 October 2003 "restructuring the Community framework for the taxation of energy products and electricity" Available at: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2003:283:0051:0070:EN:PDF (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
3. Directive 2005/89/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 January 2006 concerning measures to safeguard security of electricity supply and infrastructure investment. Available at: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2006:033:0022:0027:EN:PDF (last visite: Jan.9, 2013)
4. Directive 2009/28/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources Available at: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=Oj:L:2009:140:0016:0062:en:PDF (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
5. Directive 2009/72/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 July 2009 concerning common rules for the internal market in electricity. Available at: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2009:211:0055:0093:EN:PDF (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
6. EC Communication “Energy 2020: A strategy for competitive, sustainable and secure energy“ (COM(2010) 639) Available at: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:2010:0639:FIN:EN:PDF (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
7. Energy efficiency for the 2020 goal Available at: http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/energy/energy_efficiency/en0002_en.htm (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
8. Great Britain’s Security and Quality of Supply Standard (SQSS) for theNational Electricity Transmission System. National Grid. Available at: http://www.nationalgrid.com/uk/Electricity/Codes/gbsqsscode/DocLibrary/ (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
9. GREEN PAPER- AEuropean Strategy for Sustainable, Competitive and Secure Energy, COM(2006) 105 final, Available at: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:2006:0105:FIN:EN:HTML (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
10. Intelligent Energy—Europe II Performance Report(2007~2011) 2012.08.23 Available at: http://ec.europa.eu/energy/intelligent/files/doc/reports/iee-ii-performance-report-2007-2011-final_en.pdf (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
11. Making the internal energy market work SWD(2012) 367 final, communication from the commission to the European parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the region Available at: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:2012:0663:FIN:EN:PDF (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
12. Offshore Wind Energy Ready to Power a Sustainable Europe Final Report Concerted Action on Offshore Wind Energy in Europe December 2001 Supported by European Commission Available at: http://www.offshorewindenergy.org/ca-owee/indexpages/downloads/CA-OWEE_Complete.pdf (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
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14. Regualation (EC) No 1233/2010 OF THE FUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 15 December 2010 amending Regulation (EC) No 663/2009 establishing a programme to aid economic by granting Community financial assistance to projects in the field of energy Available at: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2010:346:0005:0010:EN:PDF (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
15. Regulation (EC) No 713/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 July 2009 establishing an Agency for the Cooperation of Energy Regulators Text with EEA relevance Available at: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2009:211:0001:0014:EN:PDF (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
16. Regulation (EC) No 663/2009 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 13 July 2009 establishing a programme to aid economic recovery by granting Community financial assistance to projects in the field of energy Available at: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2009:200:0031:0045:EN:PDF (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
17. Renewable energy: French and Czech legislation still not in line with EU rules Brussels, 24 November 2011 Available at: http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=IP/11/1446&format=HTML&aged=0&language=en&guiLanguage=en (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
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四、 網路資料：
1. Delft University of Technology, TUDelft Available at: http://home.tudelft.nl/ (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
2. ECN Available at:http://www.ecn.nl/nl/ (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
3. EERA-DTOC Available at :http://www.eera-dtoc.eu/ (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
4. Emerging Energy Research, EER Available at: http://www.emerging-energy.com/en.htm (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
5. Energy and Transport Directorate General, TREN Available at: http://www.gwec.net/ (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
6. Europa (Summary of EU legislation) Available at: http://europa.eu/ (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
7. European network of transmission system operators for electricity Available at: https://www.entsoe.eu/ (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
8. European Wind Energy Association, EWEA Available at: http://www.ewea.org/ (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
9. European Windenergy Europe, OWE Available at: www.offshorewindenergy.org (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
10. Global Wind Energy Council, GWEC Available at: http://www.gwec.net (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
11. GP WIND Available at: http://www.project-gpwind.eu (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
12. Irish Construction Sector Available at: http://www.build.ie/construction_news.asp?newsid=151839 (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
13. Offshore wind energy Available at: www.offshorewindenergy.org (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
14. OffshoreGrid Available at: http://www.offshoregrid.eu/ (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
15. REserviceS Available at: www.reservices-project.eu (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
16. SEANERGY 2020 Available at: http://www.seanergy2020.eu (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
17. Strategic Energy Technologies Information System, SETIS Available at: http://setis.ec.europa.eu/ (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
18. TOP Wind Available at: http://www.windplatform.eu (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
19. Twenties Available at: www.twenties-project.eu (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
20. Wind turbine Materials and Constructions, WMC Available at: http://www.wmc.eu/ (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
21. Windbarriers Available at: http://www.windbarriers.eu/ (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)
22. Windspeed Available at: http://www.windspeed.eu/ (last visited: Jan.9, 2013)